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Lecture 2 - updated - glomerular filtration
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1What is the filtration barrier formed by?
- Afenestrated vascular endothelium
- Bbasement membrane
- Cpodocytes separated by slits
- Dorganocytes
- Eendometrium
2What is the basement membrane of the filtration barrier formed by?
- Aproteins such as collagen
- Bproteins such as laminin
- Cextracellular matrix proteins such as negatively charged heparan sulfate proteoglycans
- Dstarchy carbohydrates
- Eendometrium
3What does the basement membrane of the filtration barrier provide?
- Aa charge barrier
- Ba source of energy
- Ca microphalange
- Durine
4What type of function does the basement membrane of the filtration barrier have?
- Aa sieving function
- Ba saving function
- Ca blocking function
- Da stimulating function
- Ea reduction function
5Determinants of glomerular filtration.
[blank_start]Jv[blank_end] = [blank_start]k[blank_end] x [blank_start]S[blank_end]( Δ [blank_start]P[blank_end] - Δ [blank_start]Π[blank_end] )- AJv
- Bk
- CS
- DP
- EΠ
6In the determinants of glomerular filtration formula, Jv =
- Aflux
- Bhydraulic conductivity
- Chydraulic pressure
- Dsurface area
7In the determinants of glomerular filtration formula, k =
- Aflux
- Bhydraulic conductivity
- Chydraulic pressure
- Dsurface area
- Egradient
8In the determinants of glomerular filtration formula, S =
- Asurface area
- Bflux
- Concotic pressure
- Dgradient
- Ehydraulic pressure
9In the determinants of glomerular filtration formula, P =
- Ahydraulic pressure
- Boncotic pressure
- Chydraulic conductivity
- Dflux
10In the determinants of glomerular filtration formula, Π =
- Aoncotic pressure
- Bflux
- Chydraulic pressure
- Dsurface area
- Ehydraulic conductivity
11Hydraulic conductivity is defined as the [blank_start]flux[blank_end] of [blank_start]water[blank_end] ([blank_start]and small solutes[blank_end]) per unit [blank_start]time[blank_end] for a defined [blank_start]pressure[blank_end] gradient and [blank_start]surface[blank_end] area.
- Aflux
- Bwater
- Cand small solutes
- Dtime
- Epressure
- Fsurface
12The hydraulic conductivity of the glomerular capillary wall is _________ fold higher than other capillaries.
- A40 - 50
- B90-100
- C10-20
- D5-6
- E20-25
13Glomerular capillaries work at _____ pressures than other capillaries
- Ahigher
- Blower
- Cthe same
14Hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries is relatively _________
- Aconstant
- Bvariable
15Colloid oncotic pressure ________ in the glomerular capillaries
- Aincreases
- Bdecreases
- Cstays constant
16label the pressures
- AGlomerular capillary pressure
- Bcolloid oncotic pressure
- Cbowman's space pressure
- Dnet filtration pressure
17What controls Glomerular Capillary Pressure?
- Arelative resistances of Afferent Arteriole and Efferent Arteriole
- Brelative blood flow of Afferent Arteriole and Efferent Arteriole
- Cspace in the glomerulus
- Damount of urine produced
18What controls resistances of afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole?
- Aneural and hormonal inputs
- Bglomerular capillary pressure
- Cblood flow
- Dvaso constriction and dilation
19What affect does changes in resistance of the afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole have?
- Alower than if equal resistances
- Bhigher than if equal resistances
- Cequal to if equal resistances
20Why is it so important to control and maintain the Glomerular Capillary Pressure constant?
- Ato ensure GFR is constant
- Bto avoid excess unnecessary urine being made
- Cto avoid pain
- Dto maintain an equal level of hormones
21Which graph relates to afferent arteriole constriction and which relates to efferent arteriole constriction?
- Aafferent arteriole constriction
- Befferent arteriole constriction
22A 25% increase in mean arterial blood pressure will cause a ____% increase in GFR and a loss of __L per day.
- A25%, 40L
- B50%, 80L
- C75%, 100L
- D2.5%, 4L
23What are the 3 important mechanisms in regulating GFR?
- Arenin-angiotensin system
- Bautoregulation
- Csympathetic nerves
- Dsodium-water system
- Ereduction of blood volume by osmosis
24The movement of any molecule across the filtration membrane is measured by its [blank_start]flux[blank_end]
- Aflux
- Bhydraulic conductivity
- Cspeed
- Dmolecular weight
- Eoncotic pressure
25Hydraulic conductivity is very _____ in glomerular capillaries
- Ahigh
- Blow
- Cchangeable
- Dconstant
- Eannoying
26Hydrostatic pressure gradient is the gradient acting ....
- Abetween the inside and outside of the capillary and bowmans space.
- Bbetween the glomerulus and afferent arteriole
- Cbetween the efferent and afferent arteriole
- Dbetween the inside and outside of the capillary
- Ebetween the inside and outside of bowmans space.
27Kf in relation to GFR is...
- Aultrafiltration coefficient
- Bnet ultrafiltration pressure
- Cnet friction along capillary walls
- Dhydrostatic pressure.
28Label
- Aother
- Bglomerular
- Ccapillary hydrostatic pressure
- Dfiltration pressure equilibrium
- Ecapillary colloid osmotic pressure
- Fglomerular capillaries
29Label
- Aglomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
- BBowman’s space oncotic pressure
- CBowman’s space hydrostatic pressure
- Dglomerular capillary oncotic pressure
- Eefferent arteriole
- Fafferent arteriole
30There is net filtration along the entire length of the glomerular capillaries
- ATrue
- BFalse
31Net filtration pressure = [blank_start]glomerular capillary pressure[blank_end] - ( [blank_start]colloid oncotic pressure[blank_end] + [blank_start]Bowman’s space pressure[blank_end] )
- Aglomerular capillary pressure
- Bcolloid oncotic pressure
- CBowman’s space pressure
32Label grr regulation graph
- Aautoregulation range
- Brelative vascular resistance
- CGFR
- DRPF
33Label
- Arenal corpuscle
- Brenal sympathetic nerve
- Cafferent arteriole
- Djuxtaglomerular cells
- Emacula densa
- Fefferent arteriole
34Granular juxtamedullary cells are...
- ALocated in afferent arteriole
- BStore and secrete renin
- CTheir effects result in angiotensin 2 formation
- DDecrease sodium absorption
35The granular juxtamedullary cells ...
- ADirectly increase total PR
- BDirectly increase systemic blood pressure
- CIndirectly increase sodium reabsorption
- DIndirectly increase potassium secretion
- EIndirectly increase ECF volume
- FSecrete ADH
36Auto-regulation of GFR ... [blank_start]increased stretch in afferent[blank_end] —-> [blank_start]afferent contraction[blank_end] —> [blank_start]decreased pressure [blank_end]—> [blank_start]no change in GFR[blank_end]
- Aincreased stretch in afferent
- Bafferent contraction
- Cdecreased pressure
- Dno change in GFR
37Fill in flow chart...
- Aup fluid delivery sensed by macula densa
- BATP
- Cafferent contraction
- Ddecreased pressure
- Edecreased GFR
- Fdecreased fluid flow
- GGFR Returns to normal
38The macula densa senses fluid flow in the tubule
- ATrue
- BFalse
39Label
- Afight or flight reaction
- Bcardiovascular shock
- Cincreased sympathetic activity
- Dvasoconstriction
- EAA and EA constricts
- Fdecreased RPF
- Gdecreased GFR
40Alport's syndrome is ...
- Ahereditary glomerulonephritis
- Bdue to mutations in the collagen chains of the glomerular basement membrane
- Ca pathological condition
- Dan inability to process proteins
41Which of these are protein elements that can be found in the glomerular basement membrane?
- Alaminin
- Bnidogen
- Centactin
42Which of these are true about the endothelial cell surface layer?
- Aaka ESL
- Bseems to be a rather thick negatively charged structure
- Cmost likely contributes to the high permselectivity of the glomerular wall
- Dis found on the luminal side of blood vessel walls
- Eit is never found in venules
43Small molecular weight neutral solutes have concentrations in the filtrate equal to those in plasma, this means they are freely filtered.
- ATrue
- BFalse
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- - Renal physiology Quiz on Lecture 2 - updated - glomerular filtration, created by Alannah McDonnell on 05/04/2018.
- Author
- Alannah McDonnell
- Language
- English
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