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EMT 23
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Questions in this quiz (40)
1A 22-year-old male was kicked in the abdomen multiple times during an attack by a gang. He is conscious but restless and his pulse is rapid. Your assessment reveals a large area of bruising to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:
- Apreparing for immediate transport.
- Bapplying oxygen via nasal cannula.
- Cperforming a focused physical exam.
- Da detailed assessment of his abdomen.
2A 39-year-old male accidentally cut his wrist while sharpening his hunting knife. He is conscious and alert with adequate breathing, but is bleeding significantly from the wound. You should:
- Aensure the patient has a patent airway.
- Bcontrol the bleeding with direct pressure.
- Capply oxygen with a nonrebreathing mask.
- Dapply a tourniquet proximal to the wound.
3A 39-year-old male sustained a large laceration to his leg during an accident with a chainsaw and is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock. You should:
- Aapply direct pressure to the wound.
- Bplace the patient on 100% oxygen.
- Cfollow appropriate standard precautions.
- Dperform a rapid head-to-toe assessment.
4A 43-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed. His blood pressure is 190/110 mm Hg and his heart rate is 90 beats/min and bounding. Appropriate treatment for this patient includes:
- Ahaving the patient pinch his own nostrils and then lie supine.
- Bpinching the patient's nostrils and having him lean forward.
- Cplacing a rolled 4″ × 4″ dressing between his lower lip and gum.
- Dpacking both nostrils with gauze pads until the bleeding stops.
5A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing:
- Aan aortic aneurysm.
- Bacute appendicitis.
- Cgastrointestinal bleeding.
- Dntrathoracic hemorrhaging.
6A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
- A250 mL
- B500 mL
- C1 L
- D2 L
7A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should:
- Aobtain baseline vital signs.
- Bapply a nonrebreathing mask.
- Cperform a secondary assessment.
- Dassist the patient's ventilations.
8After applying a pressure dressing to a laceration on a patient's arm, you notice that blood is slowly beginning to saturate it. You should:
- Areplace the dressing with another dressing.
- Bapply a tourniquet proximal to the wound.
- Csplint the arm and keep it below heart level.
- Dplace additional dressings over the wound.
9An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost.
- A50 mL
- B100 mL
- C150 mL
- D200 mL
10An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion if the:
- Abody's demand for oxygen is markedly increased.
- Bbody's temperature is considerably less than 98.6°F (37.0°C)
- Csystolic arterial blood pressure is at least 60 mm Hg.
- Dheart rate is maintained at more than 100 beats/min.
11As red blood cells begin to clump together to form a clot, __________ reinforces the clumped red blood cells.
- Afibrin
- Bplasma
- Cfibrinogen
- Dplasminogen
12Bleeding from the nose following head trauma:
- Ais a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.
- Bshould be controlled by packing the nostril with gauze.
- Cshould be assumed to be caused by a fractured septum.
- Dis usually due to hypertension caused by the head injury.
13Blood stasis, changes in the vessel wall, and certain medications affect the:
- Asystolic blood pressure exclusively.
- Bability of the blood to effectively clot.
- Cability of red blood cells to carry oxygen.
- Dwhite blood cell's ability to fight infection.
14During transport of a 40-year-old female with acute abdominal pain, you note that she has stopped talking to you and has become extremely diaphoretic. You should:
- Aassess the quality of her pulse.
- Brepeat the primary assessment.
- Cbegin assisting her ventilations.
- Dperform a secondary assessment.
15Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include:
- Abruising only.
- Bpain and distention.
- Cwidespread ecchymosis.
- Dsignificant hypotension.
16External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because:
- Aveins carry deoxygenated blood.
- Bveins hold smaller blood volume.
- Cveins are under a lower pressure.
- Dblood typically oozes from a vein.
17Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of left upper quadrant abdominal pain with referred pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the:
- Aliver.
- Bspleen.
- Cpancreas.
- Dgallbladder.
18Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:
- Adyspnea.
- Bhematuria.
- Chemoptysis.
- Dhematemesis.
19Hypoperfusion is another name for:
- Ashock.
- Bcyanosis.
- Chypoxemia.
- Dcellular death.
20Hypovolemic shock occurs when:
- Athe clotting ability of the blood is enhanced.
- Bthe body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss.
- Cthe patient's systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg.
- Dat least 10% of the patient's blood volume is lost.
21If direct pressure with a sterile dressing fails to immediately stop severe bleeding from an extremity, you should apply:
- Aadditional sterile dressings.
- Ba splint and elevate the extremity.
- Ca tourniquet proximal to the injury.
- Ddigital pressure to a proximal artery.
22In nontrauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is:
- Aa rapid, thready pulse.
- Brapid, shallow breathing.
- Cdizziness upon standing.
- Da decreasing blood pressure.
23In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding may be:
- Aweakness or dizziness.
- Ba low blood pressure.
- Cdiaphoresis and pale skin.
- Da heart rate over 120 beats/min.
24In which of the following situations would external bleeding be the MOST difficult to control?
- Afemoral artery laceration and a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg
- Bjugular vein laceration and a systolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg
- Ccarotid artery laceration and a systolic blood pressure of 60 mm Hg
- Dantecubital vein laceration and a blood pressure of 138/92 mm Hg
25Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by:
- Aelevating the injured extremity
- Bpacking the wound with gauze.
- Ccompressing a pressure point.
- Dapplying local direct pressure.
26Perfusion is MOST accurately defined as the:
- Aeffective transfer of oxygen from the venules across the systemic capillary membrane walls.
- Bability of the systemic arteries to constrict as needed to maintain an adequate blood pressure.
- Ceffective removal of carbon dioxide and other metabolic waste products from the body's cells.
- Dcirculation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body's metabolic needs.
27Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume.
- A5%
- B10%
- C15%
- D20%
28The ability of a person's cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss is MOST related to:
- Ahis or her baseline blood pressure.
- Bthe part of the body injured.
- Chow rapidly he or she bleeds.
- Dhow fast his or her heart beats.
29The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, EXCEPT:
- Asystolic blood pressure.
- Bpoor general appearance.
- Cthe mechanism of injury.
- Dclinical signs and symptoms.
30The smaller vessels that carry blood away from the heart and connect the arteries to the capillaries are called the:
- Avenules.
- Barterioles.
- Cvena cavae.
- Dcapillary arteries.
31The systemic veins function by:
- Areturning deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
- Bdelivering oxygen-poor blood to the capillaries.
- Creturning oxygen-rich blood back to the left atrium.
- Ddelivering deoxygenated blood to the capillaries.
32What is the approximate blood volume of a 75-kg adult?
- A5.25 L
- B5.50 L
- C6.25 L
- D6.50 L
33When using a stick and square knot as a tourniquet to control severe bleeding from an amputated arm, the EMT should:
- Acover the tourniquet with a sterile dressing.
- Bstop twisting the stick when the bleeding stops.
- Ctwist the stick until the radial pulse disappears.
- Dremove the tourniquet if the bleeding has stopped.
34Whether you are using a commercial device or a stick and triangular bandage as a tourniquet, it is important to remember that:
- Ayou should try to control the bleeding by applying pressure to a proximal arterial pressure point first.
- Bhe tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released.
- Cbulky dressings should be securely applied over the tourniquet to further assist in controlling the bleeding.
- Dthe tourniquet should be applied directly over a joint if possible because this provides better bleeding control.
35Which of the following body systems or components is the LEAST critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow to the body?
- Aan effectively pumping heart
- Ban intact system of blood vessels
- Cadequate blood in the vasculature
- Dthe filtering of blood cells in the spleen
36Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for up to 2 hours?
- Abrain
- Bheart
- Ckidneys
- Dskeletal muscle
37Which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?
- Aair splint
- Bvacuum splint
- Csling and swathe
- Dcardboard splint
38Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is correct?
- AHemophilia is defined as a total lack of platelets.
- BPatients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously.
- CHemophiliacs take aspirin to enhance blood clotting.
- DApproximately 25% of the population has hemophilia.
39Which of the following statements regarding the clotting of blood is correct?
- AVenous and capillary blood typically does not clot spontaneously.
- BBleeding begins to clot when the end of a damaged vessel dilates.
- CDirect contact with the environment prevents blood from clotting.
- DA person taking aspirin will experience slower blood clotting.
40You arrive at the home of a 50-year-old female with severe epistaxis. As you are treating her, it is MOST important to recall that:
- Athe patient may be significantly hypertensive.
- Bhe patient is at risk for vomiting and aspiration.
- Ca detailed exam is needed to determine the cause.
- Dmany medications interfere with blood clotting.
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- EMT-B EMT Quiz on EMT 23, created by Seth Weaver on 12/06/2018.
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- Seth Weaver
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- English
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