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Practice Exam - Preparatory 1 of 3
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Questions in this quiz (200)
1The combined roles and responsibilities of paramedic practice is known as:
- AParamedicine.
- Bprimary care.
- Ccommunity medicine.
- Dintegrated care
2Critical care transport vehicles are
- Arequired to have two registered nurses (RNs) on board during transport
- Bconsidered ambulances with at least one advanced life support (ALS) provider.
- Cspecially equipped and staffed for moving extremely ill patients.
- Dreserved for ventilator or balloon pump patients.
3Paramedics typically function outside their customary emergency response and transport roles in what emerging type of medicine?
- ACritical care medicine
- BFlight paramedicine
- CTelemedicine
- DCommunity paramedicine
4Which type of emergency service provider has the skills and knowledge to use both basic and advanced equipment found on an ambulance?
- AAEMT
- BEMR
- CEMS
- DEMT
5Of the nationally recognized levels of emergency medical services (EMS) certifications in the United States, who performs the highest level of prehospital care?
- AAdvanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT)
- BParamedic
- CEmergency Medical Responder (EMR)
- DEmergency Medical Technician (EMT)
6Which level of emergency medical services (EMS) provider is certified to provide only basic emergency medical care and transportation?
- AParamedic
- BEMT
- CAEMT
- DEMR
7Which level of emergency medical services (EMS) provider is most likely to hold an associate's degree in emergency care?
- AEMR
- BParamedic
- CEMT
- DAEMT
8The primary focus of the advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT) is to provide:
- Abasic and limited advanced emergency medical care and transportation for critical and emergent patients who access the emergency medical services (EMS) system.
- Bimmediate advanced life support to noncritical patients who access the emergency medical system.
- Cbasic emergency medical care and transportation for noncritical patients who access the emergency medical system.
- Dadvanced emergency medical care for critical and emergent patients who access the EMS system.
9The paramedic is always expected to:
- Aimprove the patient's condition.
- Bsupervise other care providers.
- Cserve as the patient's advocate
- Dobtain online medical direction.
10One of the primary tasks of the paramedic is to:
- Adiagnose the patient's primary medical issue.
- Bprovide care in an out-of-hospital setting.
- Cminimize on-scene time.
- Dreduce unnecessary transports.
11To be a successful paramedic, you must:
- Aexert your authority on all emergency calls.
- Bbe adaptable and make critical decisions effectively.
- Cnever appear uncertain about what to do
- Dmake a decision quickly and never waiver.
12What is often touted as being the best way to avoid legal issues as a paramedic?
- ADocument patient care as it should have occurred.
- BPlace the patient's welfare above all other tasks.
- CHave the patient sign a medical liability waiver.
- DAlways establish online medical direction.
13In the near future, paramedics may find themselves taking on a variety of additional roles including:
- Ainjury prevention within their service area.
- Breplacing the nurse in the emergency department.
- Cproviding suturing of lacerations to children.
- Ddetermining if a patient should go to the hospital based upon the likelihood they will be admitted.
14A role that the paramedic often performs while on duty, but between emergency calls, is:
- Aannual conference attendance.
- Bpolitical activeness.
- Cpublic safety.
- Dteaching emergency medical services (EMS) courses.
15Your patient requires transport; however, you have determined the closest facility is NOT the best destination and your medical director agrees. Transporting to the more distant facility will cause you to get off late for this shift. Transporting the patient to the appropriate facility anyway shows you are:
- Aserving the best interests of the patient.
- Bexceeding your medical authority.
- Cprotecting the public's safety.
- Dguilty of abandonment.
16You are obligated to ensure the patient receives the best care possible:
- Awithin a 10-20 minute transport time.
- Bregardless of the patient's ability to pay.
- Caccording to the patient's insurance provider.
- Dwithin the patient's financial means.
17Based on current trends, paramedic graduates of today will continue to enter into nontraditional roles such as helicopter EMS, tactical EMS, and industrial medicine because of their:
- Aability to follow standing orders.
- Bunique education and ability to think and work independently.
- Cability to follow direction from medical direction.
- Drapport with hospital-based emergency systems.
18What is an environment that today's paramedics often work in?
- AIndustrial environments
- BCommercial aircrafts
- CDental offices
- DThe operating room
19What would provide most of the capabilities of the hospital intensive care unit in an out-of-hospital environment?
- ACritical care transport vehicle
- BTactical emergency medical services (EMS) gear bag
- CSpecial event crews in chase vehicle
- DStandard advanced life support (ALS) ambulance
20You have accepted a part-time job as a paramedic working in an outpatient clinic. This will likely increase your knowledge of:
- Acritical care.
- Bprimary care.
- Ctactical emergency medical services (EMS).
- Dhospice care.
21Your emergency medical services (EMS) system sends multiple levels of emergency care personnel to the same incident. This is an example of a(n):
- Atiered response.
- Bbasic life support (BLS) response.
- Cunbalanced response.
- Dadvanced life support (ALS) response.
22What process is used to continuously evaluate and improve the emergency medical services (EMS) system?
- ADepositions
- BProgressive discipline
- CQuality improvement
- DCivil litigation
23Auditing encounter forms and peer review are examples of:
- Aretrospective medical oversight.
- Bintervener medical direction.
- Con-line medical direction.
- Danticipatory medical oversight.
24Standing orders are:
- Apreauthorized protocols.
- Bincrease liability for paramedics.
- Cused when the paramedic must speak with the medical director.
- Dprotocols the paramedic may follow at will
25Paramedics are an essential component in:
- Athe clinic referral system.
- Bthe continuum of patient care.
- Cthe hospital emergency room.
- DMedicare fraud prevention.
26The out-of-hospital components of an emergency medical services (EMS) system include:
- Asocial workers.
- Bemergency nurses.
- Crehabilitation services.
- Dregional poison control centers.
27Health care providers such as (emergency department) ED physicians and ED nurses, and the availability of services such as emergency radiology and respiratory care, are:
- Anot part of an EMS.
- Bin-hospital components of an emergency medical services (EMS) system.
- Calternate pathways of educating EMS providers for an online EMS training system.
- Daccessory patient care systems for rural communities.
28If there is a weakness in one component of an emergency medical services (EMS) system, it will:
- Abe supported by other components in a properly functioning system.
- Bdiminish the overall quality of patient care.
- Cbe less critical in tiered response systems.
- Dcreate an opportunity for the paramedic to intervene.
29What were the lessons learned from the Korean and Vietnam conflicts that have impacted modern-day emergency medical services (EMS)?
- AThere was a need for a common scope of practice for all prehospital personnel.
- BThe lifesaving care needs to occur in the hospital setting.
- CInjured soldiers benefited from emergency care provided as soon as possible.
- DSpeed of evacuation is the most important element in an EMS system.
30The earliest medical records:
- Awere inscribed on clay tablets.
- Bdiscussed treating diagnoses, not symptoms.
- Cdidn't include medications.
- Dincluded instructions on physical examination.
31What was the effect of the publication of Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society on modern-day emergency medical services (EMS)?
- AIt was the "white paper" that acted as a catalyst for improving ambulance systems and emergency responder training.
- BThe American Heart Association began training the public in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- CDetermining many people died from preventable causes cited in the report.
- DThe states each took a leadership role in improving their own EMS systems.
32The concept of ambulance volante, pioneered by Larrey during the Napoleonic Wars, was initiated during the Civil War by:
- AClara Barton.
- BPresident Abraham Lincoln.
- CJonathan Letterman.
- DCommercial Hospital.
33Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society was first published by:
- ANational Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- BThe Journal of Emergency Medical Services (JEMS)
- CThe National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT).
- DThe National Academy of Sciences
34Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society was released in:
- A1966
- B1970
- C1960
- D1979
35What coincided with the release of Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society that resulted in the first emergency medical services (EMS) guidelines for the United States?
- AThe Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1972
- BThe National EMS Curriculum Act of 1963
- CThe Los Angeles County EMS Planning Conference in 1961
- DThe Highway Safety Act of 1966
36As a paramedic working in emergency medical services (EMS) today, what current day practice could you attribute to the recommendations found in Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society study?
- AImproved communication between the ambulance and physicians
- BWell-equipped and maintained ambulances
- CStandardized training requirements for EMS personnel
- DAll of the answers are correct
37In 1988, the Statewide emergency medical services (EMS) Technical Assessment Program was established by NHTSA to:
- Aprovide acute illness and injury care and follow-up, and contribute to the treatment of chronic conditions and to community health monitoring.
- Bprovide funding to states for trauma system planning, development, implementation, and evaluation.
- Chelp establish helicopter EMS (HEMS) programs.
- Ddefine elements necessary to all EMS systems.
38The Statewide Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Technical Assessment Program defines elements necessary to all EMS systems; the transportation element covers which items?
- ADefensive driving class requirements
- BStandards for street marking and placement of house numbers
- CMinimum standards for equipping air ambulances
- DSafe patient transport by ground or air ambulance
39Standardized curriculum, adequate training, and qualified instructors are covered in which element of the Statewide emergency medical services (EMS) Technical Assessment Program?
- AEMS program preparation
- BHuman resources and training
- CUniform training code
- DMinimum educational standards
40Which element does NOT pertain to the medical director as it relates to the Statewide emergency medical services (EMS) Technical Assessment Program?
- AThe medical director responds to all requests for on-line medical care.
- BThe medical director oversees all aspects of patient care.
- CThe medical director delegates medical practice to nonphysician caregivers.
- DEach EMS system must have a physician as its medical director.
41A significant advance in paramedic education was contained in the 2009 publication of the National EMS Education Instructional Guidelines, developed by the:
- AUSDOT.
- BNTSB.
- CPresident's Council on Safety.
- DNHTSA
42Which organization recommended sweeping improvements for the helicopter air ambulance industry?
- ANational Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians
- BPresident's Council on Safety
- CNational Transportation Safety Board
- DNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
43Which document recommended that emergency medical services (EMS) of the future would be a community-based health management system that would be fully integrated into the overall health care system?
- AEMS Systems Act
- BAmbulance volante
- CThe EMS Agenda for the Future
- DThe Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
44The National Report Card on the State of Emergency Medicine: Evaluating the Environment of Emergency Care Systems State by State pointed out the significant problems that existed in all aspects of emergency care, including:
- Aa significant need for helicopter transport services for critically ill or injured patients.
- Boverstressing of emergency medical services (EMS) systems are so severe that the quality of care has been compromised.
- Ca lack of competent providers causing a deterioration in patient care.
- Dpatient disappointment in service from long ambulance wait times.
45In the publication Emergency Medical Services: At the Crossroads, published by the National Academies Institute of Medicine, which element is not a weakness identified in current emergency medical services (EMS) delivery systems?
- ADisparities in response time
- BInsufficient coordination
- Cpoor patient rapport
- DUncertain quality of care
46In 2006, the National Academies Institute of Medicine published an evaluation of the status of emergency services which found that, despite the advances made in emergency medical services (EMS), sizable challenges remained. This evaluation was entitled:
- AThe National Report Card on the State of Emergency Medicine: Evaluating the Environment of Emergency Care Systems State by State.
- BStatewide EMS Technical Assessment Program.
- CThe EMS Agenda for the Future.
- DEmergency Medical Services: At the Crossroads.
47Which statement is true regarding response times to emergency medical services (EMS) calls?
- AResponse times are very consistent throughout the United States.
- BResponse times are not tracked in the United States.
- CResponse times are not impacted by dispatch resources.
- DResponse times vary greatly across the United States.
48What was published in 2006 that reported the lack of standardized measures of emergency medical services (EMS) quality?
- AEMS Agenda for the Future
- BAccidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society
- CEmergency Medical Services for Children
- DEmergency Medical Services: At the Crossroads
49First used by the Salt Lake City Fire Department and using a set of medically approved protocols, emergency medical dispatchers (EMDs) are trained to medically interrogate a distressed caller, prioritize symptoms, select an appropriate response, and give lifesaving prearrival instructions. This management method is called:
- Aemergency medical technician dispatching.
- Bpriority dispatching.
- Ctriage.
- Dprearrival instruction.
50Emergency medical services (EMS) is just part of the patient's continuum of care. When does the continuum of care begin?
- AWhen EMS is first activated
- B.When the patient is admitted to the hospital
- CWhen the patient is first injured or becomes ill
- DWhen the patient arrives at the hospital
51For improved efficiency, emergency medical services (EMS)operations among multiple agencies should be:
- Aisolated.
- Bindependent.
- Cinfrequent.
- Dintegrated.
52What is the sixth and final step in the American Heart Association (AHA) chain of survival?
- ARapid defibrillation
- BRecovery
- CPost-cardiac arrest care
- DCardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
53The study of the ways in which disease states interfere with normal functioning of body systems is called:
- Apathology.
- Bepidemiology.
- Cpathophysiology.
- Dimmunology.
54Which of these terms refer to the movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the use of energy or assistance?
- AOsmosis
- BFacilitation
- CSimple diffusion
- DActive transport
55Poisons released from bacterial cells when they die, that can trigger an inflammatory process, are known as:
- Aepitoxins.
- Bexotoxins.
- Cectotoxins.
- Dendotoxins.
56The process in which the size of a cell decreases as a result of decreasing workload is known as:
- Ahyperplasia
- Bhypertrophy.
- Cmetaplasia.
- DAtrophy.
57The smallest units of life are:
- Aatoms.
- Bcells.
- Ctissues.
- Dmolecules.
58A group of organs working together for some common goal is known as a(n):
- Aorganism.
- Borgan thread.
- Corgan system.
- Dhuman being.
59What is the term used to describe any unit of life that is capable of surviving and reproducing in an environment?
- AOrgan system
- BBiome
- COrganism
- DHuman
60The smallest unit of life is the:
- ACell
- Borgan
- Ctissue
- Dbody system
61External influences that tend to increase the body's vulnerability to a disease, such as poor dietary habits increasing the risk of diabetes, are called:
- Apredisposing factors.
- Bself-destructive tendencies.
- Cgenetic predispositions.
- Dlow-immunity states
62Humans at both ends of the age spectrum are especially vulnerable to disease due to:
- Aweakness of the immune system.
- Bfrail body systems.
- Cincreased exposure to illness.
- Ddiminished mental capacities.
63Predisposition to certain disease processes on a familial basis can be attributed to:
- Acountry of origin.
- Batherosclerosis.
- Clifestyle.
- Dgenetics.
64In the Ukraine, the incidence of cancers, specifically thyroid cancer, has increased dramatically following the nuclear disaster in 1986 at Chernobyl. In this case, the predisposing factor is:
- Ainheritance.
- Bgenetics.
- Clifestyle.
- Dexposure.
65Pathological changes that result from invasion of the body and colonization by a pathogenic organism are classified as:
- Aimmunologic diseases.
- Binflammatory diseases.
- Can autoimmune disorder.
- Dinfectious diseases.
66Congenital diseases can result from problems which occur during:
- Achildbirth.
- Buncontrolled cellular growth.
- Cin utero trauma.
- Dfetal development.
67Disease states that result from a deficiency in one or all of the major nutritional sources (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) are classified as:
- Aelectrolyte imbalances.
- Bnutritional diseases.
- Cvitamin deficiencies.
- Dmalnutrition disorders.
68What is neoplasia?
- AAbnormal or uncontrolled cell growth
- BHypoxia-induced cellular malformation
- CChemical destruction of a cell membrane
- DThe formation of new skin cells on a fetus
69Most atoms become stable by:
- Afilling their outer electron shell.
- Bbonding to other atoms.
- Cdecaying to noble gases.
- Dbecoming radioactive.
70The process by which atoms join together to form a molecule is called:
- Aorbitation
- Bcoupling
- Cbonding
- Dvalence
71The equal sharing of electrons between atoms results in a(n):
- Ahydrogen bond.
- Batomic mass.
- Ccovalent bond.
- Dionic bond.
72An atom or molecule with missing electrons and thus a net positive charge is called a(n):
- Aionic bond.
- Banion.
- Cnonmetallic element.
- Dcation.
73Which of these is NOT a major class of biologic chemicals?
- AWater
- BLipids
- CCarbohydrates
- DProteins
74Polysaccharides are considered part of which major class of biologic chemicals?
- ACarbohydrates
- BWater
- CLipids
- DProteins
75Amino acids are held together in proteins by:
- Ahydrogen bonds.
- Bionic bonds.
- Ccovalent bonds.
- Dpeptide bonds.
76Most enzymes can also be considered:
- ACarbohydrates
- BLipids
- CWater
- DProteins
77Successfully completing a course that adheres to the most recent National EMS Education Instructional Guidelines would fulfill the requirements of:
- Ainitial education.
- Bsubsequent education.
- Cfield training.
- Dcontinuing education.
78Quality, accredited continuing education programs and much of the didactic portion of initial emergency medical services (EMS) education are now available:
- Athrough nursing programs.
- Bfrom the library.
- Con the Internet.
- Donly through university-based programs.
79Which statement is true regarding the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) of 1981?
- AIt introduced federal funding for EMS.
- BIt prevented EMS agencies from applying for grants.
- CIt significantly increased federal funding for EMS.
- DIt wiped out federal funding for emergency medical services (EMS).
80Which document provided funding to states for trauma system planning, development, implementation, and evaluation?
- AStatewide EMS Technical Assessment Program
- BTrauma Care Systems and Development Act
- CEMS Agenda for the Future
- DOntario Prehospital Advanced Life Support study
81Clinical protocols are designed around the four "Ts" of emergency care. These are:
- Atriage, treatment, training, and testing.
- Btraining, triage, treatment, and transport.
- Ctriage, treatment, telemetry, and transport.
- Dtriage, treatment, transport, and transfer.
82Emergency medical services (EMS) providers are the medical director's designated agents. This defines the concept of:
- Amedical oversight.
- Bpatient care algorithms.
- Cstandardized protocols.
- Don-line medical direction.
83The trend in emergency medical services (EMS) as it relates to medical direction is to:
- Aeliminate medical direction.
- Bincrease on-line medical direction and decrease off-line medical direction.
- Cincrease off-line medical direction and decrease on-line medical direction.
- Dtransition to entirely on-line medical direction.
84In most emergency medical services (EMS) systems, what is the most overlooked component of the EMS system?
- ADispatch education
- BMedical director education
- CPublic education
- DEMS education
85A means to promote and enhance the status of emergency medical services (EMS) within the health care community and to help create a unified voice for EMS providers are two of the services provided by:
- Aconferences.
- Bprofessional organizations.
- Cadvertising.
- DEMS services.
86What nongovernmental organization develops and administers standardized tests for various EMS provider levels?
- AN.R.E.M.T.
- BN.E.M.S.E.S.
- CC.o.A.E.M.S.P.
- DN.A.E.M.S.E.
87An abundant source of continuing education material and an excellent opportunity for EMS professionals to write and publish articles are two benefits of:
- Aprofessional magazines.
- Bmanual publishers.
- Ceducators.
- Dprofessional organizations.
88Which publication is specifically for emergency medical services (EMS)professionals?
- AAAFP
- BAJN
- CJAMA
- DJEMS
89KKK-A-1822 is a federal specification intended to improve:
- Atraining standards.
- Breimbursement rates
- Cdocumentation standards.
- Dstandards for ambulances.
90Which statement is true regarding KKK-A-1822 standards?
- AAll ambulances meet this standard.
- BNot all ambulances meet this federal standard.
- CThis standard is only for air ambulances.
- DThis standard is only for fire department ambulances.
91The KKK-A-1822 federal standards for ambulances include:
- Aelimination of handheld spotlights.
- Bgeographical positioning system (GPS) navigation system.
- Cvideo communication system.
- Doccupant protection standards.
92Which standard called for improved electrical standards and reduced interior siren noise for ambulances?
- AThe Ambulance Provision of the COBRA act
- BKKK-A-1822
- CNEMSES EVOC Regulation
- DAMB-7-1380
93A designated trauma center is:
- Aany hospital that self-designates itself as a trauma center.
- Ba hospital that meets accreditation standards for trauma care.
- Ca hospital with air ambulance resources on site.
- Da hospital with trauma and rehabilitation services on site.
94Receiving facilities should have all of these capabilities except which one?
- AEmergency department
- BSurgical facilities
- CMedical imaging capabilities
- DRehabilitation services
95Which facilility is NOT a recognized specialty center category?
- ABurn center
- BOrthopedic center
- CPediatric center
- DPerinatal center
96You are transporting a patient who was rescued from a house fire. Which type of receiving facility, if available, should you transport the patient to?
- AChest pain center
- BTrauma center
- CStroke center
- DBurn center
97For quality assurance and improvement programs to be effective, they must:
- Abe dynamic and comprehensive.
- Bfully attain total excellence.
- Cset the community's expectations.
- Dbe designed with the needs of cost effective care as their chief concern.
98Which guideline does not appear in the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) released manual called A Leadership Guide to Quality Improvement for Emergency Medical Services Systems?
- AEMS process management
- BLeadership
- CStrategic quality planning
- DCost-effective administration
99A good emergency medical services (EMS) quality improvement (QI) program is also a(n):
- A"good enough" quality program.
- Bexcellent individual performance monitor.
- Cexcellent risk management strategy.
- Dexcellent low-risk procedure monitor.
100EMS cases can be divided into four areas of risk; of these, which is most important for quality improvement (QI) monitoring?
- AHigh frequency/low risk
- BLow frequency/low risk
- CLow frequency/high risk
- DHigh frequency/high risk
101The primary tenet of medicine is primum non nocere, which means:
- Ascene safety first.
- Bbasic life support (BLS) before advanced life support (ALS).
- Cfirst, do no harm.
- Dpatient first always.
102Which error is an ongoing issue in emergency medical services (EMS)and a common source of malpractice litigation?
- ADropping patients
- BAmbulance crashes
- CAutomated external defibrillator (AED) failures
- DAirway issues
103When a health care provider fails to perform a skill properly, this is known as a:
- Aprotocol-based failure.
- Bskill-based failure.
- Cknowledge-based failure.
- Dcognitive load failure.
104When an emergency medical services (EMS) provider fails to follow an established treatment guideline, this is known as a(n):
- Askills-based failure.
- Bevidence-based failure.
- Crules-based failure.
- Dcompliance-based failure.
105One reason there is very little known about the quality of care delivered by emergency medical services (EMS) services in the United States is:
- Amedical professionals attempt to hide problems from government agencies.
- Bthere are no standardized measures of EMS quality.
- CEMS providers are reluctant to report quality issues.
- Dhospital emergency departments fail to review EMS performance.
106What is an essential component of an emergency medical services (EMS) system?
- AResearch
- BOnline training
- CTuition reimbursement
- DConferences
107Historically, emergency medical services (EMS) has implemented treatment guidelines without adequate:
- Acommunication
- Btraining
- Cresearch
- Dmedical direction.
108What is a significant barrier to emergency medical services (EMS) research?
- AAdequate EMS ageny involvment
- BTime
- CObtaining patient consent
- DAccess to patients
109What enhancement has been made in some emergency medical services (EMS) systems based on the benefits recently identified with rapid primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI)?
- AParamedics can activate cardiac catheterization teams.
- BMost ALS ambulances now carry single tPA doses.
- CEMS providers can now perform percutaneous coronary interventions in the prehospital setting.
- DHEMS resources are now used regardless of proximity to the receiving facilities for patients in need of PPCI.
110Which change is NOT one of the rules of evidence when considering a new medication, process, or procedure?
- AAny proposed change must be supported by ample scientific human research.
- BAny proposed change must be affordable.
- CAny proposed change must be clinically important.
- DAny proposed change must be supported by the community.
111Is there any benefit in new clinical evidence invalidating traditional emergency medical services (EMS) practices?
- A.Yes, because they can be replaced with treatments that are more effective.
- BNo, because current practices are so established within the system that changes will create problems.
- CYes, because EMS agencies will be able to seek higher reimbursement rates based on more advanced procedures.
- DNo, because traditional EMS practices have been proven out by years of effective use.
112With regard to evidence-based medicine, what skill is essential for paramedics to possess?
- AWhen to determine which protocols to follow
- BHow to read and interpret scientific literature
- CWhen to disregard clinical experience
- DHow to conduct scientific human research
113Which field of medicine requires you to be the most mentally, physically, and emotionally prepared?
- ADietetics
- BSocial work
- CRehabilitation
- DParamedicine
114Paramedics require a strong knowledge in which area?
- APharmacology
- BSurgical techniques
- CPathophysiology
- DRehabilitation
115Which individuals are not part of the allied health professions?
- AParamedic
- BPhysician
- CRespiratory therapist
- DPhysical therapist
116Which is an example of a paramedic providing primary care?
- AThe paramedic responds to a call where a child has stuffed a marble up in their nose. The paramedic removes the marble and transports the child to an outpatient clinic for additional follow up.
- BThe paramedic responds to a call where an adult has fallen off a roof and has a fractured forearm and head wound. The paramedic stabilizes the patient and transports the patient to a trauma center.
- CC.
The paramedic responds to a call where an individual is having an allergic reaction to a bee sting. The paramedic administers epinephrine, and the patient requests to not be transported to the hospital. - DThe paramedic responds to a call where a college student has passed out from too much alcohol. The paramedic transports the student to the nearest hospital.
117Restocking and equipment disinfection:
- Aare not required before returning to service.
- Bshould be done after every call.
- Ccan be completed anytime during your shift.
- Dare basic life support (BLS) responsibilities.
118The paramedic is stationed in a facility in a remote area and is called to respond to a trauma related emergency. There are no major cities in the area, and the only medical care is from a clinic in a small town that is open during weekdays only. However, the physician is on call as needed. What level of trauma center would the paramedic expect to take the patient to?
- ALevel II
- BLevel IV
- CLevel I
- DLevel III
119On your way to work, you consciously set aside your personal problems in order to focus on the needs of your patients. This is an example of:
- Aresponse
- Bpreparation
- Cscene size up.
- Drecognition
120In order for paramedics to properly treat a patient, they must master:
- Amedication administration.
- Bpatient assessment.
- C12-lead ECG (electrocardiogram).
- Donline communication.
121How many levels of trauma centers are there according to the American College of Surgeons?
- A3
- B2
- C1
- D4
122Which level of trauma center is required to have criteria for transporting certain types of trauma patients to a higher level of care?
- ALevel IV centers only
- BLevel I, II, and III centers
- CLevel III and IV centers
- DLevel II, III, and IV centers
123You are caring for a 17-year-old patient who experienced an acute psychotic break and jumped off a building. They have sustained multiple long bone and chest injuries. They should be transported to what type of facility (assuming all are within a reasonable driving distance)?
- APsychiatric facility
- BAcademic hospital facility
- CDedicated pediatric facility
- DTrauma facility
124You have a 23-year-old patient who jumped from a first story balcony to escape a house fire. They have extensive burns to the face, neck, arms, and torso. During the jump they seemed to have twisted their ankle. What would be the best destination facility given this scenario, and assuming all facilities are within similar transporting distances?
- APediatric trauma center
- BBurn facility
- CImmediate care facility
- DTrauma facility
125Setting high standards for personal performance, crew performance, and agency performance is an indicator of:
- Aprofessionalism.
- Bindependence
- Cpride
- Dego
126Ethics are not laws, but rather:
- Astandards of honorable behavior of a group.
- Ba specific code of conduct of an individual.
- Ca personal moral standard.
- Dagency-specific protocols for right and wrong.
127Which document details some of the guiding principles for professional emergency medical technician (EMT) service?
- AOath of Geneva
- BAllied Health Behaviors
- CEMT Professionalism
- DProfessional Code of Ethics
128Being a professional requires a:
- Acollege degree.
- Bcertification
- Clicense
- Dspecialized body of knowledge.
129Professionalism in communication is an important attribute in the prehospital environment. Which are attributes of effective communication?
- AUsing complicated medical terminology to explain a procedure to the injured
- BSpeaking clearly, writing legibly, and always using medical terminology
- CSpeaking clearly, listening actively, and writing legibly
- DSpeaking clearly and loudly and always using medical terminology
130A critical review of your own performance is a(n):
- Aprofessional attribute
- Bprocess that must be documented.
- Cunnecessary stress.
- Ddistraction from patient care.
131Which statement is most reflective of good teamwork?
- AEnsuring unanimous agreement on all decisions
- BMaintaining a friendly atmosphere for all team members
- CPlacing success of the team over personal interests
- DDemonstrating your ability to direct others competently
132Of the varied attributes a care provider may demonstrate, which one is not appropriate for an emergency medical services (EMS) provider?
- ASkill mastery
- BEgotism
- CCommitment to excellence
- DHigh standards
133Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, and hepatitis C are all:
- Ainfectious diseases.
- Bshort-acting infections.
- Cbacterial infections.
- Dextremely virulent diseases.
134Cleaning with a bleach solution is a form of:
- Apressurized decontamination.
- Bgeneral cleaning.
- Cdisinfection
- Dsterilization
135The nonspecific response of the body to any demand, real or percerived, is called:
- Astress
- Bdefense
- Cgrief
- Dcoping
136The extreme endpoint of the stress continuum is known as:
- Aeustress
- Balpha stress.
- Cburnout
- Ddecompression
137Which response is true regarding use of lights and sirens by an emergency medical services (EMS) provider while transporting a patient or responding to a call?
- AThey should be used on every call.
- BThey are a means to get through heavy traffic.
- CThey should only be used on cardiac arrest patients.
- DThey should be limited to those patients with a time-critical condition.
138What is a correct outcome regarding basic physical fitness when done correctly?
- AIt increases the risk of back injury.
- BIt can reduce workplace injuries.
- CIt reduces the need for adequate sleep.
- DIt eliminates job stress.
139You are dispatched to a call for a morbidly obese patient. You need to move the patient to the ambulance on a cot. You should use what piece of equipment when transitioning the patient?
- AUse a power lift stretcher
- BUse a manual lift stretcher
- CUse a Reeves stretcher
- DSlide the patient rather than lifting
140All the listed factors are important for paramedics who want to be in emergency medical services (EMS) long-term without physical injury, except which one?
- A24 hour shifts
- BBasic physical fitness
- CProper nutrition
- DAdequate sleep
141As an emergency medical technician (EMT) looking to improve your personal wellness, it is important to focus on:
- Aincreasing the amount of exercise you get in your day.
- Bconsidering taking medication to help manage stressful times.
- Cincreasing coffee and tea intake.
- Dwatching more TV and playing more video games.
142If your body is fed well and kept fit and if you use the principles of back safety and avoid potentially addictive and harmful substances, you:
- Awill be able to work long shifts without tiring.
- Bwill be able to work without additional assistance on morbidly obese patients.
- Cshould have the physical strength and stamina to perform the duties of a paramedic.
- Dwill reduce your insurance rates.
143Which guideline is consistent with MyPlate guidelines provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture?
- AMake one quarter of your plate fruits and vegetables.
- BDrink whole milk as a source of calcium.
- CMake half your grains whole grains.
- DEat larger portions less often.
144What outcome is not a direct benefit of physical fitness?
- AIncreased resistance to illness
- BReduced anxiety levels
- CSlowing the progression of osteoporosis
- DDecreased metabolic rate
145Provider obesity and a lack of general physical fitness are associated with an increase in:
- Apoor patient care.
- Blucidy
- Cburnout
- Dback injuries.
146Overuse and abuse of substances such as caffeine are common among:
- AEMS providers in rural areas.
- Bthose with high-stress jobs.
- Colder workers specifically.
- Dmostly women in emergency medical services (EMS).
147What risk factor increases the likelihood of cancer and cardiovascular disease?
- AUse of tobacco
- BHypermetabolism
- CJob stress
- DChronic fatigue
148You have decided to quit smoking. You should:
- Areplace the habit with food or alcohol.
- Btake some time off work.
- Ckeep quiet until you are sure you can do it.
- Dseek support from local resources.
149What technique is very important to avoid injuring your back at work?
- AProper lifting technique
- BWeight lifting
- CIntensive daily exercise
- DUse of a powered stretcher
150Abdominal strength can help reduce back injuries. The best way to increase core strength is:
- Ajogging
- Bjumping jacks.
- Cabdominal crunches.
- Dsit-ups
151If you are not sure you can handle a particular lifting or moving situation, you should:
- Atake yourself out of service.
- Bget help from other rescuers.
- Cwarm up first.
- Dask bystanders to assist you.
152When lifting a patient who is on your wheeled cot, you should:
- Alift with your palms up.
- Blift with your palms down.
- Clock your knees and bend your back prior to lifting.
- Dlift with one palm up and one down.
153Calls involving what issue are typically challenging for most emergency medical services (EMS) providers?
- AElderly patients
- BTraumatic injuries
- CDeath and dying
- DRefusals
154The "denial" stage of grief is characterized by:
- A"why me?"
- B"but I haven't."
- C"not me."
- D"I'm not afraid."
155Which statement or question characterizes the anger stage of grief?
- A"First let me."
- B"Not me."
- C"I'm not afraid."
- D"Why me?"
156During which stage of grief will the family likely need more support than the patient?
- ABargaining
- BAcceptance
- CAnger
- DDenial
157The additional stress from exposure to death, which paramedics encounter much more frequently than other people do, can lead to:
- Adenial of the event.
- Ban increased ability to deal with death without outside support.
- Can increased sense of reverence toward the event.
- Da cumulative sense of overload.
158A stimulus that causes stress is known as a(n):
- Ahardship
- Binsult
- Cstressor
- Devent
159The U.S. Surgeon General once estimated that stress-related diseases kill approximately what percentage of people who die of nontraumatic causes?
- A80
- B50
- C30
- D95
160What are the three physiologic phases of the stress response?
- AAlarm, resistance, and exhaustion
- BDistress, alarm, and recovery
- CDistress, eustress, and recovery
- DResistance, alarm, and recovery
161Exercising, eating a healthy diet, using relaxation techniques, and reframing thoughts are all ways of managing:
- Astress
- Bcancer
- Ccritical infections.
- Danorexia
162Defensive response strategies to stress can include:
- Aproblem solving.
- Bdenial or distortion of the situational reality.
- Cmultiple option determination.
- Dconfrontation of the stressor
163In emergency medical services (EMS) and life, you have the ability to choose how to treat your body in regard to diet, exercise, and stress management. As such, in doing so, you must realize that every health choice has:
- Aonly positive outcomes.
- Bsome amount of negative outcomes.
- Coutcomes that will be immediately realized
- Doutcomes and consequences.
164Which mechanism is not recognized as a method for adapting to stress?
- ADeveloping problem-solving skills
- BCoping mechanisms
- CGuilt
- DDefensive strategies
165Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is:
- Aoften seen in individuals who have not actually been exposed to traumatic events.
- Ban emotional disability that primarily affects accident survivors.
- Cnot generally considered to be a cause of anxiety.
- Da possible outcome of recurrent and unmitigated stress.
166Which of these is NOT a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
- APhysical reactions whenever something reminds the person of the event(s).
- BUnwanted and distressing memories of the traumatic event(s).
- CAn uncontrollable desire to return to the place of the event(s).
- DDisturbing or intrusive flashbacks of the event(s).
167An organization that raises awareness about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) specifically in the emergency medical services (EMS) community is:
- Athe Code Green Campaign.
- Bthe Fellowship of Paramedics International (FPI)
- COperation Homecoming.
- Dthe American Psychiatric Association (APA).
168Why has the concept of Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) been all but abandoned in emergency medical services (EMS)?
- AThe evidence showed that it was potentially harmful to participants.
- BIndustry support for EMS provider mental health resources has waned.
- CIt was replaced by the critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) process.
- DMost agencies now use the stress management protocols outlined in the National Incident Management System.
169When rescuers are working together as a team to lift a patient:
- Aall rescuers should lift and twist at the same time.
- Bonly one person should be in charge of verbal commands.
- Call rescuers should hold their breath during the lift process.
- Dno rescuer should bend the knees more than 90 degrees.
170Proper lifting techniques:
- Aare best developed by individual trial and error.
- Bshould ideally be taught by and practiced with a seasoned emergency medical services (EMS) educator or trainer.
- Ccannot be utilized by a provider with bad knees.
- Drely most heavily on strong back muscles.
171The person who drives the ambulance should understand which basic principle?
- AUse lights and sirens at all times when driving on a congested road.
- BFollow the ambulance escort as closely as possible to avoid losing the lead vehicle in traffic.
- CPark as close to the victim as possible when responding to a roadway incident.
- DKnow how to manage an intersection in which traffic is moving in several directions.
172Which factor(s) seem to contribute to ambulance crashes?
- AIncreased braking distances of modern ambulances
- BThe least trained and experienced person typically drives
- CLess responsive steering in modern ambulances
- DAll of the above
173A hypothesis is:
- Athe ability to generalize your results.
- Ba statement of exactly what your study will answer.
- Cwhat you want to measure.
- Dthe group you draw your subjects from.
174Research has proven that a certain treatments actually improve morbidity, mortality, or quality of life for the patient. This is known as:
- Aanecdotal data.
- Binconclusive research.
- Cqualitative research.
- Doutcomes-based research.
175You submit an emergency medical services (EMS) article for publication and are told it must first be reviewed by other EMS professionals for quality and accuracy. This is known as:
- Aword smithing.
- Bthe peer-review process.
- Cgrammatical editing.
- Deditorial review.
176Quantitative research expresses phenomena in:
- Aimages
- Bopinions
- Cnumbers
- Dwords
177Future changes in emergency medical services (EMS) procedures, techniques, and equipment must be evaluated to prove they make a positive difference prior to implementation; this aspect of EMS is known as:
- Aresearch
- Bscientific method.
- Cquality assurance.
- Dpeer review.
178What is one hallmark of the emergency medical services (EMS) profession?
- AThe ability to attain knowledge through study or practice.
- BThe ability to change practices and procedures based on evolving research.
- CThe ability to analyze results and draw conclusions.
- DThe ability to obtain funding for EMS research from the government.
179What is most essential to ensuring that the best possible patient care is provided in the prehospital and out-of-hospital setting?
- AResearch
- BCertifications
- CAdequate funding
- DQuality assurance program
180In the evidence-based approach, once a practice has been changed, ongoing evaluation must be carried out to determine:
- Aif paramedics are willing to learn and implement the change.
- Bif emergency medical services (EMS) systems want to implement the change.
- Cwhether the practice is correctly applied to the proper group of patients.
- Dif patients will comply with the change.
181The National Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Research Agenda was published by:
- ANational Association of EMS Educators (NAEMSE).
- BUnited States Department of Transportation (USDOT).
- CFederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
- DNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
182Which of the following was NOT a conclusion identified in the National EMS Research Agenda?
- AResearchers with extensive careers should be sought and funded.
- BThe need for research in EMS should be recognized.
- CRelationships should be developed between emergency medical services (EMS) researchers and economists
- DEthical research should be enhanced in EMS.
183According to the National EMS Research Agenda, researchers must have access to what type of data in order to improve prehospital patient care.
- AElectronic patient care reports
- BCensus data
- CPatient outcome information
- DEducational standards
184The National EMS Research Agenda recommends the use of what process when evaluating technical advances in out-of-hospital care.
- AObservations
- BScientific methodology
- CProtocols
- DOperating procedures
185The reliable, consistent, and nonarbitrary components of a research project, used to explore observations and answer questions, are known collectively as:
- Athe scientific method.
- Bstatistics
- Cobjectivity
- Dengineering design process.
186Which is not a step of the research process as it relates to the scientific method of research for emergency medical services (EMS)?
- APoll others in the EMS field for their opinions
- BState the hypothesis or a precise question
- CSet up an experiment to test a hypothesis
- DDo background research on the subject
187In the scientific method, the first step is to observe something and ask questions about it. This step is followed by which step?
- AGetting published
- BStating a hypothesis
- CTesting the hypothesis
- DDoing background research (literature review)
188Which step of the scientific method needs to occur if your hypothesis is found to be incorrect?
- ACollect data
- BConstruct a hypothesis
- CAsk questions
- DRevise the hypothesis
189Research that produces findings not arrived at by means of statistical procedures or other means of quantification is known as:
- Aqualitative
- Bprospective
- Cquantitative
- Dretrospective
190Which type of study would be conducted if the researcher wants to study a behavior in more than one context?
- AProspective research
- BQuantitative research
- CMixed research
- DQualitative research
191Which type of study would have both prospective and retrospective components?
- AA mixed study
- BA qualitative study
- CA now-and-then study
- DA before-and-after study
192An emergency medical services (EMS) researcher wants to determine whether the rate of drug-related calls has been increasing over the past 10 years. This researcher should conduct what kind of study?
- AQualitative
- BRetrospective
- CMixed
- DProspective
193An emergency medical services (EMS) researcher wants to assimilate all the available data related to the use of endotracheal intubation in children during prehospital care. What type of study will the researcher need to conduct?
- ACohort study
- BMeta-analysis
- CCase report
- DRandomized controlled trial
194An emergency medical services (EMS) researcher is conducting a study in which some patients in need of analgesia are treated with acetaminophen and some are treated with both acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Treatment with acetaminophen alone is the current institutional protocol, so patients in this group are the control group; patients receiving both acetaminophen and ibuprofen are the treatment group. Patients are randomly assigned a group, and neither group of patients knows their group designation. The researcher, however, is aware of which patients belong to which group. Based on this information, which study type is being used?
- ADouble blind study type
- BSingle blind study type
- CNonrandomized controlled trial study type
- DCohort study type
195Which type of research is scientific research at its most basic level?
- AAnimal research
- BNonrandomized controlled trials
- CRandomized controlled trials
- DBench research
196What type of research has the highest level of evidence?
- ARandomized controlled trial
- BClinical observation
- CDescriptive studies
- DExpert opinion
197What is the purpose of an institutional review board (IRB)?
- ATo review the credentials of researchers taking part in the project
- BTo approve the study for journal publication
- CTo verify the accuracy of research findings
- DTo ensure the protection of human subjects in research
198Which document regarding research identifies the following: respect for the individual, ability of the subject to make an informed decision about participating in the research, and assurance by the researcher that the patient's safety will be protected?
- ANuremburg Code of 1947
- BGeneva Convention
- CTuskegee Accord
- DHelsinki Declaration
199Overall, research is now a much safer endeavor and has provided many of the advancements in modern medical care; however:
- Athere is a much lower risk to the general population since volunteer prisoners are commonly used.
- Bthere is still a potential for harm in many studies.
- Call study information is not yet available in the Belmont Report.
- Dprehospital care has yet to fully benefit.
200In the United States, informed consent is required:
- Afor all medical experiments except emergency medical services (EMS).
- Bfor some medical experiments.
- Conly for EMS related experiments.
- Dfor all medical experiments.
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- Paramedic care and principles 6th edition. Volume 1 Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (through objective 5.7) 19 ( through 19.6)
- Author
- Jake Anderson
- Language
- English
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