Quiz
Part 1 Anatomy & Physiology Formative Assessment
Questions in this quiz (50)
1Which one of the following describes the cell membrane?
- AA bi-layer consisting of phospholipids
- BA structure that surrounds the nucleolus of a cell
- CA structure that secretes proteins
- DA structure containing enzymes within a cell
- EA structure capable of secreting hormones
2In the G2 phase of the cell cycle which one of the following is occurring?
- AThe centromeres line up at the distal aspects of the cell
- BThe cell divides in a meiosis form
- CThe cell membrane invaginates
- DDNA structures are checked for errors
- EDNA is synthesized
3In the G0 phase of the cell cycle which one of the following is occurring?
- ADNA is checked
- BThe cell is in a resting state
- CThe cell actively dividing
- DIntracellular organelles are synthesized
- EDNA is copied
4Chromosomes condense in which one of the following stages of a cells life span?
- AThe G0 Phase
- BDuring cell division (Mitosis)
- CThe G2 Phase
- DChromosomes are always visible within a cell
- EThe G1 Phase
5Which one of the following is the function of a Ribosome?
- ATo secrete proteins
- BTo secrete lipid-based products
- CTo degrade intra-cellular waste
- DTo synthesize ADP
- ETo secrete hormones
6During metaphase of mitosis which one of the following is occuring?
- AChromosomes condense within the nucleus of the cells
- BThe condensed chromosomes a line in the centre of the cell
- CNuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes
- DChromosomes are pulled back into diffrent sides of the cell via the mitotic spindels
- EMitotic spindles disslove
7In terms of DNA which one of the following is a function of Ribose?
- AIt is an enzyme copies DNA
- BIt is one of the bases that makes up the DNA sequence
- CIt is a sugar which attaches to a base pairs to make a nucleotide
- DIt describes the bonds that form between the individual bases to form base pairs
- EIt is a phosphate that enables the DNA sequence to build
8Where in a cell is ATP synthesised within a cell?
- AGolgi Apparatus
- BEndoplasmic Reticulum
- CPlasma Membrane
- DMitochondria
- ECytoplasm
9The function of an exocytic vesicle is best described by which one of the following?
- AA membrane-bound vesicle that is used to bring large products into the cell
- BA membrane-bound vesicle that is used to remove products from the cell
- CA vesicle containing microorganisms following phagocytosis
- DA vesicle that contains lysozymes
- EA vesicle that contains ATP
10The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responcible for which one of the following within a cell?
- AManufacturining of protines
- BManufacturing lipid based products
- CManufacturing Robosomes
- DDegrading insulin
- EConjugation of bile
11Chordae tendineae are associated with which one of the following structures?
- ALeft Atrium
- BAortic & pulmonary valves
- CRight Atrium
- DAtrio ventricular valves
- EIntra vascular luminal valves
12In health, which one of the follow helps to prevent blood from adhering to the inner surface of the heart?
- AThe endocardium
- BThe pericardium
- CThe myocardium
- DThe epicardium
- ESurfactant
13Angiotensin Two has which one of the following effects on blood vessels?
- AReduces permeability of blood vessles
- BAngiotensin two is an inactive precursor chemical
- CProduces vasoconstriction
- DIncreases permeability of capillaries
- EProduces vasodilatation
14Increased vagal tone will have which one of the following effects on the cardiovascular system?
- AIncrease in heart rate
- BIncrease in cardiac output
- CReduction in cardiac output
- DReduced time needed for the cardiac action potential to be undertaken
- EVasoconstriction
15Which one of the following best describes how the ventricles fill during diastole?
- AMostly passive followed by a topping up from the atrial systole
- BExpansion of the pericardium creates a negative intraventricular pressure which draws blood in
- CFrom the aorta and pulmonary artery
- DThe ventricles are filled entirely actively during atrial systole
- EVentricular filling occurs during systole not diastole
16Blood flow in the coronary vessels is maximal at which one of the following stages of the cardiac cycle?
- ABlood flow in the coronary vessels is not affected by the cardiac cycle
- BEarly Diastole iso-volumetric relaxation
- CVentricular systole
- DLate diastole (diastasis)
- EAtrial systole
17Which one of the following combines with heart rate to produce the cardiac output equation?
- AStroke volume
- BPulse pressure
- CMean arterial pressure
- DSystemic vascular resistance
- EIntra ventricular pressure
18During repolisartaion of a cardiac myocyte, which one of the following describes the movement of potassium?
- AFrom inside the cell to outside the cell via potassium channels
- BFrom inside the cell to outside the cell via ATP-powered pumps
- CThere is no movement of potassium during repolarisation, sodium is the main cation that is moved during this stage
- DFrom outside the cell to inside the cell via passive diffusion
- EFrom outside of the cell to inside the cell via ATP powered pumps
19With regard to the AV node, which one of following is true?
- AIt is the natural pacemaker of the heart
- BIt is made of cardiac myocytes
- CIt has no automaticity
- DIt has a spontaneous discharge rate of 100 per minute
- EIn health it is the only electrical connection between the atria and the ventricles
20Which one of the following coronary vessels supplies the majority of the posterior wall of the heart?
- AThe circumflex artery
- BThe left anterior descending artery
- CRight coronary artery
- DLeft main coronary artery
- EThe coronary sinus
21The tidal volume of the lung is described by which one of the following?
- AThe amount of air that is moved when coughing
- BThe amount of air that can be maximally inhaled in to the lungs
- CThe speed at which air can be expelled from the lungs
- DThe amount of air that is moved in a relaxed breath
- EThe amount of air that is contained in the respiratory dead space
22Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood takes place in which one of the following locations?
- ATrachea
- BVisceral pleura
- CBronchi
- DTerminal bronchioles
- EAlveoli
23In the lungs what is the role that surfactant plays?
- AIt facilitates the transport of carbon dioxide out of the blood
- BIt helps to prevent collapse of and trauma the alveoli
- CIt liquefies mucus
- DIt assists with oxygen transport into the blood
- EIt converts bound hydrogen ions to free hydrogen ions
24Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory tract?
- AOesophagus
- BLarynx
- CPharynx
- DTrachea
- EBronchi
25The right lung is divided into how many lobes?
- A1
- B2
- C3
- D4
- E5
26Which of following best describes the role that the sternocleidomastoid muscles play in breathing?
- AThere are the primary muscle that activates ventilation
- BThey do not have a role in respiration
- CThey are used in forced expiration
- DThey are an accessory mussel of ventilation
- EThey operate in parallel with each breath
27The nasal hairs fulfil which one of the following functions within the respiratory tract?
- ADivide the nose into right and left chambers
- BFilter debris from inhales air
- CWarm air as it enters the sinuses
- DAre the part of the nose responsible for the sense of smell
- EServe no functional purpose
28The point at which the trachea divides into two separate bronchi is given which one of the following names?
- AHelix
- BHilum
- CBronchiole
- DTurbinate
- ECarina
29Which one of the following describes the function of a goblet cell in the respiratory epithelium?
- AIt secretes surfactant
- BIt moves mucus towards the digestive tract
- CIt moves mucus towards the alveolus
- DIt secretes mucus
- EIt stimulates a cough reflex when the airway is over filled
30The parietal pleura can be described best by which one of the following?
- AThe space in-between the two layers of pleura
- BThe fluid that lubricates lung movement
- CThe layer of the pleura that is attached to the lung
- DThe layer of the pleura that is attached to the chest wall
- EThe Space in between the lungs
31The binding of a cholesterol based hormone to its receptor will often result initially in the production of which one of the following?
- ADNA Synthesis
- BG Protein Activation
- CMessenger RNA Synthesis
- DRelease of vesicle bound hormones
- ESynthesis of membrane bound proteins
32The term ‘secondary messengers’ refers to which one of the following?
- AIn intracellular signalling process that occurs following peptide-based hormone binding to its receptor
- BIn intracellular signalling process that occurs following steroid-based hormone binding to its receptor
- CThe structural changes in a cell following the binding of any hormone
- DThe manufacture of a secondary product in response to binding of any hormone
- EThe activation of a hormone receptor by a non hormone product e.g. an autoantibody
33Which one of the following hormones will increase blood glucose?
- AInsulin
- BThyrotrophin
- CSomatostatin
- DAldosterone
- EGlucagon
34One of the properties of a cholesterol based hormone is that?
- AIt is soluble in water
- BIt does not require a carrier protein to get to its site of action
- CIt can cross cell membranes easily
- DIt is active even when protein bound
- EIt can be manufactured from a single amino acid
35How many functional layers can be identified on histological assessment of the adrenal cortex?
- AOne
- BTwo
- CThree
- DFour
- EFive
36Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans secretes which one of the following hormones?
- AInsulin
- BLipase
- CSomatostatin
- DGlucagon
- EGlycogen
37The parafolicullar C cells of the thyroid gland secrete which one of the following hormones
- AMonoiodothyronine
- BTetraiodothyronine
- CParyathyroid hormone
- DCalcitonin
- ECalcitrol
38Which one of the following is an example of a hormone released from the anterior pituitary gland?
- AThyroid stimulating hormone
- BAnti diuretic hormone
- CAldosterone
- DMelatonin
- EThyroid releasing hormone
39Which one of the following structures secretes cortisol?
- AAnterior Pituitary
- BHypothalamus
- CAdrenal Cortex
- DAdrenal Medulla
- ETestis
40Which one of the following defines a hormone?
- AA chemical that is secreted by a cell and has an effect on the cell that secreted it
- BA chemical that communicates across a synapse
- CA chemical that is secreted by a cell travels in the blood and has an effect on a cell remote from the site of secretion
- DA chemical that is secreted by a cell and has an effect on cells local to that cell
- EA chemical this is responsible for communication between cells of the immune system
41Which one of the following is true about the pancreatic acini?
- AThey secret pancreatic enzymes
- BThey secrete insulin
- CThey secrete glucagon
- DThey secrete bile
- EThey absorb glucose
42What type of endothelial lining does the oesophagus have in healthy individuals?
- AColumnar
- BCiliated
- CSquamous
- DCuboidal
- EPseudo Stratified
43What is the name of the structure that supplies blood to the majority of the small intestine?
- APan Piniform Plexus
- BSuperior mesenteric artery
- CInferior mesenteric artery
- DCeliac artery
- EGastric artery
44Which one of the following substances is secreted by the gastric parietal cells?
- AGastrin
- BHistamine
- CMucus
- DHydrochloric Acid
- EStomatastatin
45What is the name of the duct that drains bile from the left and right hepatic ducts?
- ACommon Bile Duct
- BPancreatic duct
- CCystic Duct
- DCommon Hepatic Duct
- ESphincter of Oddi
46What is the name given to the most distal part of the stomach?
- AAntrum
- BGreater Curve
- CLesser Curve
- DPyloris
- EFundus
47Which one of the following is the connection between the small and large intestine?
- AMyenteric Plexus
- BPyloric Sphincter
- CInternal anal Sphincter
- DCardiac Sphincter
- EIleocecal valve
48The longitudinal muscle layer in the wall of the gastro-intestinal tract serves which one of the following functions?
- AClose the segment of intestines circumferentially
- BPropel the contents of the intestine forwards
- CCompress the intestine
- DMaintain integrity of the intestine lumen
- EHelp to sense the consistence of intestinal contents
49Which one of the following describes the action of bile in the gastrointestinal tract?
- AIt causes fats to coat villi
- BIt emulsifies fats braking it down in to smaller globules
- CIt binds fat to proteins to facilitate its absorption
- DBile is a waste product of hepatic function and has no effect on fats
- EIt reduces fats in to fatty acids
50Pancreatic secretions and bile have to pass through which one of the following structures before entering the gastrointestinal tract?
- AHepatic Sinusoid
- BAmpulla
- CPlyloric Sphincter
- DSpace of Diss
- ESphincter of Oddi
Information
- Description
- This is a practice assessment for people studying anatomical Topics
- Author
- Chris Mulryan
- Language
- English
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