Flashcards
Psychology UNIT 3 - Research Methods
Cards in this deck (40)
- 1Extraneous Variablea variable (which is not the independent variable) but can affect the dependent variable if not controlled
- 2Standardisationa way of controlling extraneous variables; to keep variables the same across conditions
- 3Experimental DesignA way of allocating participants to conditions in an experiment
- 4Independent groups designan experimental design in which participants are different in each condition.
- 5Repeated measures designan experimental design in which participants take part in each condition.
- 6Samplea smaller group selected from a larger population.
- 7Target populationthe entire set of people researchers want to generalise their results to.
- 8Representativean accurate reflection of a larger group.
- 9Random samplea sample for which everyone in the target population has an equal chance of being chosen
- 10Opportunity samplea sample drawn from the target population because they are available and convenient.
- 11informed consentwhen participants agree to take part in a study and also know what the aim of the study is.
- 12Right to withdrawwhen participants are allowed to stop participating in a study or can stop the study altogether.
- 13Confidentialityprotecting the identity of the participants by not revealing names and other details.
- 14Experimenta method by which the researcher controls variables and measure their effect.
- 15Lab experimentan experiment carried out in a controlled environment.
- 16Field experimentan experiment carried out in a natural environment.
- 17Self reportwhen participants report their own experiences.
- 18Questionnairea set of pre-determined questions which are the same for all respondents.
- 19Closed questionsquestions for which there are set responses to choose from.
- 20Open questionsquestions for which there are no fixed responses.
- 21Structured interviewan interview with pre-set questions.
- 22Unstructured interviewan interview where questions may vary depending on the interviewee's responses.
- 23Overt observationto observe someone with their knowledge.
- 24Covert observationto observe someone without their knowledge.
- 25Participant observationto observe people whilst joining in their activities.
- 26Non-participant observationto observe people from a distance.
- 27Case studyan in-depth study of one person or group.
- 28Correlation studya study that analyses two sets of data for a relationship.
- 29Longitudinal studya study carried out over a long period of time.
- 30Cross-sectional studya study where two or more groups are compare, to investigate changes or differences.
- 31Validityreflecting the truth.
- 32Ecological validityreflecting a real-life situation.
- 33Reliabilityconsistency; replicates itself
- 34Inter-rater reliabilitywhen two or more researchers agree on (are consistent in) their findings.
- 35Demand characteristicscues in an experiment, which give away the aim
- 36Observer effectwhen participants behave differently from normal because they're aware they're being observed.
- 37Social desirabilitythis describes responses that participants give when they say what they believe the researcher wants to hear.
- 38Gender biasviewing things from the perspective of one gender.
- 39Cultural biasviewing things from the perspective of one culture.
- 40Experimenter biassetting up an experiment and/or interpreting the results to fit a certain idea or theory.
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- Flashcards on Psychology UNIT 3 - Research Methods, created by Liberty Sims on 19/04/2015.
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- Liberty Sims
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