Flashcards
Chapter 1 Review Questions
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1List and briefly define the four main elements of a computer.Processor (CPU): controls the operations and performs data processing functions
Memory: stores data and programs
I/O components: move data between computer and external environment
System bus: provides for communication among the above elements - 2Define the two main categories of processor registers.Address register: contains the address for read and write.
Buffer register: contains the data to be written or the data that was read. - 3In general terms, what are the four distinct actions that a machine instruction can specify?Processor-memory: Data transferred to or from memory and processor.
Processor-I/O: Data transferred to or from processor and I/O module.
Data processing: processor performs some arithmetic or logic operation on data.
Control: alter the sequence of execution. - 4What is an interrupt?Interrupt is a signal that the processor can detect in its cycle. Can be used for signaling arithmetic errors, hardware errors, notifying on a set time, and most importantly I/O devices can notify that they have finished a job.
- 5How are multiple interrupts dealt with?They can be disabled when handling interrupt or prioritized so that some interrupts, of higher priority, can interrupt while an interrupt is being handled while others, of lower priority, are handled after it finishes.
- 6What characteristics distinguish the various elements of a memory hierarchy?The fastest storage has the smallest space and is most frequently accessed by the processor. Memories on a higher level in the hierarchy are slower, bigger and less frequently accessed.
- 7What is cache memory?Cache memory is a memory between the processor and the main memory. Cache utilizes locality in that way that when the processor has to access the main memory the cache takes a chunk from the main memory and stores it so that in the likely event that the processor needs the next line in memory it has already retrieved it.
- 8What is the difference between a multiprocessor and a multicore system?TODO 1.8
- 9What is the distinction between spatial locality and temporal locality?TODO 1.9
- 10In general, what are the strategies for exploiting spatial locality and temporal locality?TODO 1.10
- 11Explain briefly how interrupt-driven I/O works.Processor issues an I/O command to a module and then does another jobs. When the module is ready to be served it sends an interrupt.
- 12What are the trade-offs that determine the size of the cache memory.The size of the cache is determined by speed, cost and size.
Information
- Description
- Bachillerato Computer Science (Fundamentals of Operating Systems) Flashcards on Chapter 1 Review Questions, created by Kristján Ólafsson on 12/01/2016.
- Created by
- Kristján Ólafsson
- Views
- 2,183
- Tags
- Rating