Flashcards

Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt

Miguel Lopez-Garcia English 32 cards

Cards in this deck (32)

1Mesopotamianame means "land between the rivers"; where the 1st civilizations began; present day Iraq & Syria
2Fertile crescentthe region in the middle east which curves, like a quarter-moon shape; Known as the cradle of civilization
3polytheisticbelief in MANY gods; ancient sumerians believed in 3,000
4—the massive platform that
5Theocracymeans " rule by god"; describes a government; where the ruler is thought to be a god
EX: Ancient Egypt
6—!st written laws; given to people of ancient Babylon by king Hammurabi; very strict laws based on the principle of an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
7Cuneiform1st writing system developed by the sumerian; "wedge-shaped writing"
8Patriarchaldescribes a society dominated by men
9—the longest river in the world; Egypt is often called "the gift of the nile river"; Egyptians depended on the nile for everything
10Inundationthe annual flooding of the nile river. The flood river leave behind rich fertile mud
11siltrich black mud left behind from the flooding of the nile river
12—king who united lower & upper egypt around 3100
13dynastymeans "great house of"; a family of rulers
14PharaohName for an Egyptian king
15"KA"ancient Egyptians thought that when someone died the KA, or the life force, left the physical body;the Ka could drink and eat, but was stuck in the tomb in the body of the mummy or the small statues that were left in the tomb
16mummification
17—The Ba was part of the soul that embarked on a journey to follow the gods; the symbol of the ba is often shown as a bird with a human head and wings
18Canopic jarscontains used to hold the internal organs (lungs, stomach, intestines, liver) of the deceased that was going to be mummified; the jars had lids shaped as the heads of the four sons of horus
19sarcophagusancient egyptian coffin
20Khufuearned everlasting fame for being the pharaoh responsible for the great pyramid of giza which he built to serve as his tomb
21the great pyramid
22king khufu's boat
23great sphinx
24—egyptian picture writing
25—the rosetta stone-
a stone with writing on it with two languages (Egyptian and Greek), using three scripts ( hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek)
26hyksosinvaded Egypt; and ruled for 200 years; introduced the horse drawn chariot
27Hatshepsutfirst great woman ruler in history; she ruled egypt as a king not queen. sculpture and masks show her with a false beard
28akhenaten (aka amenhotep)rejected the traditional religion in favor of worshiping the aten, or sun disc, after whom he renamed himself. he closed all the temples to the old gods and obliterated their names from monuments
29King Tut17 year old boy pharaoh whose tomb survived untouched by grave robbers; more than 3,000 artifacts discovered in his tomb
30Ramses IIramses the great reigned 67 years; fathered 100 children; defeated the hittites, the other superpower of the ancient times; he declared himself a living god
31papyrusreed like plant that grows on the nile river; Ancient Egyptians used to write on
32cultural diffusionthe spreading of ideas from one culture to another culture