Flashcards
GCSE OCR Gateway Core Science: B1a (Higher)
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1What do blood pressure measurements consist of?The systolic (lowest pressure) and diastolic (highest pressure) data in mmHg (millimetres of mercury). The systolic data is the number on top and the diastolic data is the number at the bottom
- 2What are the factors that increase blood pressure?1. Being overweight
2. Stress
3. Drinking too much alcohol
4. Smoking - 3What factors decrease blood pressure?1. Balanced diet
2. Regular exercise - 4What is the difference between fitness and health?Fitness is the ability to perform physical tasks whereas health is the state of being free from disease and infections
- 5How can fitness be measured in different ways?1. Strength
2. Stamina
3. Flexibility (range of movement)
4. Agility
5. Speed
6. Cardiovascular efficiency (having an efficient heart and normal blood pressure)
To measure some of these, you'll need specialist equipment (e.g. blood pressure monitors) - 6How does smoking increase blood pressure?1. Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood so heart rate increases to compensate
2. Nicotine increases the heart rate - 7How can diet increase the risk of heart disease?1. Saturated fats leading to a build up of cholesterol (plaque) in arteries
2. High levels of salt raise blood pressure because it retains water - 8What are the possible consequences of having high blood pressure?1. Heart attack
2. Stroke
3. Kidney damage - 9What are the possible consequences of having low blood pressure?1. Poor blood circulation
2. Fainting
3. Dizziness
4. Organ failure - 10How can you evaluate the different ways of measuring fitness?1. Strength
2. Stamina
3. Flexibility
4. Agility,
5. Speed
6. Cardiovascular efficiency - 11How does carbon monoxide reduce the carrying capacity of red blood cells?Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin in the blood, reducing the capacity of oxygen being carried
- 12How does narrowed coronary arteries, together with a thrombosis, increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke?A thrombosis (blood clot caused by cholesterol deposits) in the coronary artery causes a heart attack because it blocks the flow of blood, therefore, the supply of oxygen. Thrombosis in the artery supplying the brain causes a stroke