FINAL

1. 1Which of the following does NOT describe a vitamin?

   1. AThey are essential organic substances.
   2. BThey are fat- or water-soluble.
   3. CThey are needed in relatively small amounts.
   4. DThey provide a rich source of energy.
2. 2Excess amounts of most fat-soluble vitamins are

   1. Astored in the liver or adipose tissue.
   2. Bexcreted via the kidneys.
   3. Cstored in the pancreas.
   4. DAll of the choices are correct.
3. 3A leading cause of blindness in the world today (excluding accidents) is a dietary deficiency of

   1. Avitamin A.
   2. Bvitamin D
   3. Cvitamin E.
   4. Dvitamin K.
4. 4Of the following, the best source of preformed vitamin A is

   1. Afried liver.
   2. Bsautéed spinach.
   3. Cfresh mango.
   4. Dcheddar cheese.
5. 5In North America, population groups at increased risk of vitamin A deficiency include all of the following EXCEPT

   1. Acollege-aged diabetics.
   2. Balcoholics with liver disease.
   3. Cthose with GI diseases that prevent fat absorption.
   4. Dlow birth weight, premature infants.
6. 6Vitamin A toxicity is known to cause all of the following EXCEPT

   1. Abirth defects.
   2. Bpermanent damage to the liver.
   3. Ckidney disease.
   4. Ddeath.
7. 7What vitamin would most likely lead to death in both deficient and toxic levels?

   1. Avitamin A
   2. Bvitamin C
   3. Cvitamin E
   4. Dvitamin B-12
8. 8Vitamin D deficiency can result in poorly mineralized bone. The resulting disease is called

   1. Aosteoporosis.
   2. Bosteomalacia.
   3. Costeoarthritis.
   4. Dosteopenia.
9. 9As calcitriol, vitamin D functions in calcium and bone metabolism by

   1. Areducing calcium excretion by the kidney.
   2. Bregulating calcium and phosphorus absorption through the intestinal wall.
   3. Cregulating the levels of calcium and phosphorus in bones.
   4. DAll of these choices are accurate.
10. 10Calcitriol is the

    1. Aprecursor to vitamin D that is activated by sunlight.
    2. Bplant source of vitamin D.
    3. Canimal food source of vitamin D.
    4. Dbiologically active form of vitamin D.

11. 11In children, bowed legs, an enlarged head, rib cage, and knee joints, and a deformed pelvis are symptoms of

    1. Arickets.
    2. Bxerophthalmia.
    3. Costeopenia.
    4. DNone of the choices are correct.
12. 12A reliable food source of vitamin D is

    1. Ayellow-orange colored fruits.
    2. Bdark green leafy vegetables.
    3. Cwhole grain breads.
    4. Dfortified milk.
13. 13Individuals at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency include all of the following EXCEPT

    1. Aelderly adults living in nursing homes.
    2. Bdark-skinned children with limited outdoor activity.
    3. Cyoung adults who eat high amounts of fatty fish and fish oils.
    4. Dindividuals with diseases of fat-malabsorption.
14. 14A primary function of vitamin E is to serve as

    1. Aa coenzyme.
    2. Ban antioxidant.
    3. Ca hormone.
    4. Da peroxide.
15. 15The most nutrient-dense sources of vitamin E are

    1. Arefined grains and cereal products.
    2. Borange-colored fruits.
    3. Cvegetable oils.
    4. Danimal fats.
16. 16A high intake of vitamin E can

    1. Ainterfere with vitamin K's blood-clotting activity.
    2. Bresult in lead poisoning.
    3. Cinhibit copper absorption.
    4. Dcause atherosclerosis.
17. 17The nutrient essential for the synthesis of blood clotting factors is vitamin

    1. AA
    2. BD
    3. CE
    4. DK
18. 18Vitamin K deficiency is most likely to result from

    1. Ainsufficient sunlight.
    2. Bkidney disease.
    3. Cinsufficient intake of dairy products.
    4. Dantibiotic therapy.
19. 19Newborns usually receive an injection of vitamin _________ to protect them against deficiency until the gastrointestinal tract has matured.

    1. AA
    2. BD
    3. CB
    4. DK
20. 20Most B-vitamins function as

    1. Afat-soluble vitamins.
    2. Bcoenzymes.
    3. Cantibodies.
    4. Dsources of energy.
21. 21In general, excess amounts of water-soluble vitamins are excreted via the

    1. Akidneys.
    2. Bintestine.
    3. Clungs.
    4. Dskin.
22. 22The vitamin that prevents beriberi is

    1. Avitamin B-12.
    2. Briboflavin.
    3. Cniacin.
    4. Dthiamin.
23. 23The best sources of thiamin in the average diet are

    1. Apork products, whole or enriched grains and cereals, and legumes.
    2. Broot vegetables and cheddar-type cheese.
    3. Cwhole grains and fresh fruit.
    4. Dham and vegetables of the cabbage family.
24. 24To protect riboflavin from destruction by sunlight, milk and milk products are packaged in

    1. Aclear glass bottles.
    2. Bpaper and opaque plastic cartons.
    3. Cclear plastic bottles and cartons.
    4. Dany kind of container.
25. 25Niacin is necessary in the diet to prevent the disease called

    1. Apernicious anemia.
    2. Bberiberi.
    3. Cscurvy.
    4. Dpellagra.
26. 26A defect in the formation of the neural tube during early fetal development can occur from a lack of

    1. Abiotin.
    2. Bfolate.
    3. Cvitamin B-6.
    4. Dcholine.
27. 27Persons who smoke have an increased need for

    1. Avitamin B-12.
    2. Bvitamin C.
    3. Cfolate.
    4. Dbiotin.
28. 28For vitamin B-12 to be absorbed, it must be attached to

    1. Aan incomplete protein.
    2. Bintrinsic factor.
    3. Cbile.
    4. Dthe protein portion of its final coenzyme form.
29. 29Pernicious anemia is treated most often by

    1. Aa diet high in milk and dairy products.
    2. Bregular intramuscular injection of vitamin B-12.
    3. Coral supplementation of iron.
    4. Deating liver three times a week.
30. 30Physiological changes associated with scurvy (hemorrhages, joint pain, fractures) are caused by

    1. Adefective collagen synthesis.
    2. Binadequate production of the hormone thyroxine.
    3. Cfailure to synthesize neurotransmitters.
    4. Dimpaired function of the citric acid cycle.
31. 31A diet that contains an average of 4,000 mg sodium and 1,500 mg potassium daily is likely to

    1. Adecrease the risk of hypertension.
    2. Bresult from an eating disorder.
    3. Cincrease the risk of hypertension.
    4. Dhave no effect on blood pressure.
32. 32A friend is complaining of constipation. In addition to lifestyles changes, which mineral could help relieve your friend's constipation?

    1. ASodium
    2. BMagnesium
    3. CSulfur
    4. DChloride
33. 33A goiter may form as a consequence of an inadequate intake of

    1. Acopper.
    2. Bmagnesium.
    3. Csodium.
    4. Diodide.
34. 34Aldosterone increases

    1. Apotassium retention by the kidneys.
    2. Bwater excretion by the kidneys.
    3. Csodium retention by the kidneys.
    4. Dsodium absorption by the intestinal villi.
35. 35An ample intake of potassium-rich foods may help protect against

    1. Ahypertension.
    2. Bosteoporosis.
    3. Cgastric ulcers.
    4. Ddiabetes.
36. 36A positively charged ion located in the intracellular fluid is

    1. Asodium.
    2. Bpotassium.
    3. Cphosphate.
    4. Dchloride.
37. 37Chloride is

    1. Athe main anion in extracellular fluid.
    2. Ban intracellular fluid ion.
    3. Ca positively charged ion.
    4. Dconverted to chlorine in the intestinal tract.
38. 38If deficient, which of the following minerals would have the least affect on bone health?

    1. APhosphorus
    2. BCalcium
    3. CMagnesium
    4. DChloride
39. 39In addition to its role in bone development and maintenance, calcium is also required for

    1. Ablood clotting, transmitting nerve impulses, and muscle contraction.
    2. Bregulating potassium excretion, normal kidney function, and regulating intracellular water content.
    3. Cphospholipid synthesis, muscle contraction, and formation of DNA and RNA.
    4. Dblood clotting, magnesium absorption, and insulin release from the pancreas.
40. 40In a healthy person, sodium consumed in excess of body needs is

    1. Astored in the liver.
    2. Bexcreted by the kidneys.
    3. Cmetabolized in cells.
    4. Dexcreted in the feces.
41. 41Intracellular water volume depends primarily on the concentration of

    1. Asodium and chloride.
    2. Bphosphate and potassium.
    3. Cpotassium and sodium.
    4. Dchloride and potassium.
42. 42Measuring blood calcium levels is not an accurate indicator of total body calcium because

    1. Acalcium in the blood reflects only the most recent dietary intake of calcium.
    2. Bthere are no reliable tests for measuring blood calcium.
    3. Cblood calcium levels vary according to the intake of other positive ions (e.g., sodium, potassium, and magnesium).
    4. Dblood calcium levels are strictly controlled by hormones and do not reflect total body stores.
43. 43Milk is a poor source of

    1. Acalcium.
    2. Biron and calcium.
    3. Ciron and vitamin C.
    4. Dvitamin A and protein.
44. 44Most of our dietary chloride comes from

    1. Afresh fruits
    2. Bvegetables
    3. Cmeat
    4. Dseed oils
    5. Etable salt
45. 45Most sodium consumed is from

    1. Atable salt added at home.
    2. Bnaturally occurring sodium in foods.
    3. Ctap water and medications.
    4. Dprocessed foods and those purchased at restaurants.
46. 46Over half of the body's magnesium is found in the

    1. Aheart.
    2. Bliver.
    3. Cbones.
    4. Dbrain.
47. 47Table salt is _____ sodium.

    1. A20%
    2. B30%
    3. C40%
    4. D60%
48. 48The amount of water in each compartment mainly is controlled by

    1. Aoxygen concentration.
    2. Bglucose concentration.
    3. Cthe presence of fatty acids.
    4. Dion concentration.
49. 49The best-absorbed iron source is found in which of the following foods?

    1. ASirloin steak
    2. BBroccoli
    3. CKidney beans
    4. DCheese
50. 50The human body has more of this substance (by weight) than any other substance.

    1. Aprotein
    2. Bglycogen
    3. Cfat
    4. Dwater
51. 51The major chloride source in the diet is

    1. Anuts
    2. Bmilk
    3. Ccheese
    4. Dsalt
52. 52The mineral found in the body in the most abundance is

    1. Aphosphorus.
    2. Biron.
    3. Ccalcium.
    4. Dsodium.
53. 53The mineral that protects tooth enamel from erosion by acid-producing bacteria is

    1. Aselenium.
    2. Bzinc
    3. Ccopper
    4. Dfluoride
54. 54The most nutrient-dense food source of calcium with high bioavailability is

    1. Aleafy green vegetables
    2. Bfish fillets
    3. Cmilk and dairy products
    4. Dcereal grains
    5. Emeats
55. 55The two life stage groups with the highest RDAs for calcium are _________ and _________.

    1. Achildren; adolescents
    2. Binfants; children
    3. Cadolescents; adults over age 50
    4. Dinfants; adolescents
56. 56Water regulates body temperature through heat loss via

    1. Aconduction.
    2. Bradiation.
    3. Crespiration.
    4. Devaporation.
57. 57When blood osmolality increases, ___________ is released by the posterior pituitary and acts on the kidney to increase water retention.

    1. Aantidiuretic hormone
    2. Brenin
    3. Cangiotensin II
    4. Dinsulin
58. 58Which factor(s) limit(s) absorption of dietary calcium?

    1. APhytic acid
    2. BChronic diarrhea
    3. CTannins in tea
    4. DVitamin D deficiency
    5. EAll of these choices are accurate.
59. 59Which of the following situations is/are life threatening?

    1. Ahypokalemia
    2. Bhyperkalemia
    3. Chypokalemia and hyperkalemia
    4. Dneither hypokalemia nor hyperkalemia
60. 60Which of the following is true about selenium?

    1. AIt is needed for insulin formation and use.
    2. BAn excess can cause hypertension.
    3. CIt acts as a cofactor in protein metabolism.
    4. DIt acts as an antioxidant.
61. 61A blood alcohol concentration above ________ will often result in death.

    1. A0.10
    2. B0.20
    3. C0.30
    4. D0.41
62. 62All of the following are correct about resveratrol except that it is

    1. Aa flavonoid.
    2. Bfound in red wine.
    3. Ca type of phytochemical.
    4. Dresponsible for hangovers.
63. 63Approximately how many college students die every year from binge drinking?

    1. A825
    2. B700
    3. C1,750
    4. D1,825
64. 64Binge drinking is the consumption of ________ or more alcoholic drinks by men or ________ or more drinks by women in a very short time.

    1. A3; 3
    2. B4; 3
    3. C5; 4
    4. D5; 2
65. 65Drinking too much alcohol can interfere with the absorption and/or use of

    1. Aprotein.
    2. Bzinc.
    3. Cfat-soluble vitamins.
    4. DAll these answers are correct.
66. 66Endotoxin, released by bacteria in your intestines, can cause the liver to release damaging

    1. Aacetaldehyde.
    2. Bfree radicals.
    3. Ccytokines.
    4. Dcongeners.
67. 67In addition to chronic drinking, which lifestyle behavior heightens the risk of esophageal cancer?

    1. Asmoking cigarettes
    2. Beating a high-fat diet
    3. Cinactivity
    4. Dobesity
68. 68It is illegal in the United States for adults to drive with a blood alcohol content of

    1. A0.04.
    2. B0.08
    3. C0.10
    4. D0.20
69. 69Moderate alcohol consumption is no more than ________ alcoholic drink(s) daily for adult women, and no more than ________ drink(s) daily for adult men.

    1. A1; 1
    2. B2; 3
    3. C1; 2
    4. D1; 3
70. 70Most alcohol is absorbed in the

    1. Astomach.
    2. Bsmall intestine.
    3. Cliver.
    4. Dlarge intestine.
71. 71Most alcohol is metabolized in the

    1. Astomach.
    2. Bsmall intestine.
    3. Cliver.
    4. Dpancreas.
72. 72Saheem is at a party and is starting to bump into people. His movements are uncoordinated and his vision is blurry. What do you think his blood alcohol level is?

    1. A0.01 to 0.05
    2. B0.06 to 0.10
    3. C0.11 to 0.20
    4. D0.31 to 0.40
73. 73Sue is pregnant and is out with friends who are having cocktails. Sue orders a glass of wine. What are the recommendations regarding alcohol use during pregnancy?

    1. ADo not drink at all during pregnancy.
    2. BDrink only moderately during pregnancy.
    3. CAn occasional drink is perfectly fine in the third trimester.
    4. DAn occasional drink is okay during the first trimester.
74. 74Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is associated with a deficiency of

    1. Avitamin C.
    2. Bvitamin E.
    3. Cthiamin.
    4. Dniacin.
75. 75What is occurring when the body's BAC levels continue to rise to extreme levels and breathing and heart rate are interrupted?

    1. AFAS
    2. Balcoholism
    3. Calcohol tolerance
    4. Dalcohol poisoning
76. 76What steps must one take to reverse a fatty liver?

    1. Aconsume more vitamin C
    2. Bstop consuming alcohol
    3. Cdrink more fluids
    4. Deat more dairy
77. 77What will occur if you consistently add extra calories from alcoholic beverages to a diet that is already meeting your daily calorie needs?

    1. AYou will lose weight because alcohol increases your metabolism.
    2. BYou will remain at the same weight because the calories in alcohol are negligible.
    3. CYou will gain weight because extra calories turn to fat.
    4. DIt depends on whether it is wine or beer.
78. 78Which body system is seriously damaged in the fetus when a pregnant woman drinks alcohol?
    

    1. Arespiratory
    2. Bnervous
    3. Cgastrointestinal
    4. Dreproductive
79. 79Which is not correct regarding the third stage of alcohol liver disease?

    1. AIt is reversible.
    2. BLiver cells die.
    3. CScar tissue is formed.
    4. DIt is also known as cirrhosis.
80. 80Which of the areas of your brain is affected first by alcohol?

    1. Abrain stem
    2. Bcerebral cortex
    3. Ccerebellum
    4. DAll areas are affected at the same time.
81. 81Which of the following does not affect how quickly you absorb and metabolize alcohol?

    1. Awhether you are male or female
    2. Bthe amount of food in your stomach
    3. Cthe time of day you drink
    4. Dthe amount of alcohol you drink
82. 82Which of the following describes the process in which yeast converts sugars in fruit into ethanol?

    1. Adistillation
    2. Bfermentation
    3. Ccongenation
    4. Dmetabolization
83. 83Which of the following are alcohol-metabolizing enzymes found in the stomach and liver?

    1. Aaspartate transaminase
    2. Bacetaldehyde
    3. Calcohol dehydrogenase
    4. Daspartate aminotransferase
84. 84Which of the following can help ease the hangover symptoms?

    1. Adrinking more alcohol mixed with orange juice
    2. Bonly time will make the symptoms go away
    3. Cdrinking a mixture of congeners
    4. Ddrinking more alcohol
85. 85Which of the following is the second stage of alcohol liver disease?

    1. Acirrhosis
    2. Balcohol hepatitis
    3. Cfatty liver
    4. Dgastritis
86. 86Which of the following is a symptom of alcoholism?

    1. Acraving alcohol
    2. Ban inability to limit intake
    3. Cwithdrawal symptoms
    4. DAll these answers are correct.
87. 87Which of the following is not correct about binge drinking?

    1. AIt can cause blackouts.
    2. BIt can increase the chance of unprotected sex.
    3. CIt is a normal part of the college experience.
    4. Dit can be associated with sudden heart attacks
88. 88Which of the following is a term used for a person who continues to drink even though it causes that person social, legal, and/or health problems?

    1. AFAS
    2. Balcoholism
    3. Calcohol tolerance
    4. Dalcohol abuse
89. 89Which of the following describes the condition in which chronic drinking causes the body to become less sensitive to alcohol?

    1. AFAS
    2. Balcoholism
    3. Calcohol tolerance
    4. Dalcohol poisoning
90. 90Which substance consumed during and after alcohol consumption has been shown to cause liver damage in some cases?

    1. Acaffeine
    2. Bendotoxin
    3. Cacetaminophen
    4. Dibuprofen
91. 91About 60 percent of your daily energy needs is determined by

    1. Aphysical activity.
    2. Bthe thermic effect of food.
    3. Cyour basal metabolic rate.
    4. Dboth physical activity and the thermic effect of food.
92. 92All of the following cancers are related to obesity except

    1. Acolon
    2. Bskin
    3. Cuterus
    4. Dbreast
93. 93All of the following are diagnostic criteria of bulimia nervosa except

    1. Aoveruse of laxatives and diuretics.
    2. Bself-induced vomiting.
    3. Cexcessive exercise.
    4. Dexcessive caloric restriction.
94. 94A suppressed appetite due to gastric bypass surgery is thought to be caused by which of the following?

    1. AIndividuals who have had the surgery have a smaller stomach pouch and thus produce less ghrelin.
    2. BBypassing the small intestine results in higher levels of leptin secretion.
    3. CLower levels of intrinsic factor are produced in the stomach.
    4. DBypass surgery renders normally eaten foods unpalatable.
95. 95Binge eating disorder differs from bulimia nervosa in that binge eating disorder involves

    1. Arecurrent bingeing but not purging.
    2. Bside effects such as scar tissue on the knuckles.
    3. Cabuse of laxatives.
    4. Dabuse of diet pills.
96. 96David thinks he is overweight and calculated his BMI to be 20. David should interpret this value as his being

    1. Aoverweight.
    2. Bunderweight.
    3. Cat a healthy weight.
    4. Dobese.
97. 97How many calories does unsaturated fat provide?

    1. A4 calories per gram
    2. B7 calories per gram
    3. C9 calories per gram
    4. D11 calories per gram
98. 98If you walk about 10,000 steps daily, approximately how many miles do you walk per day?

    1. A1
    2. B3
    3. C5
    4. D7
99. 99Of all the dietary substances that increase satiety, which of these will have the most dramatic effect?

    1. Aprotein
    2. Bartificial sweeteners
    3. Cvitamins
    4. Dsugar
100. 100One of the easiest ways to assess if you are at a healthy weight is to

     1. Acompare yourself to your friends.
     2. Bweigh yourself.
     3. Clook in the mirror
     4. Ddetermine your BMI
101. 101The factor that most affects your BMR is

     1. Ahow many calories you eat.
     2. Bhow active you are.
     3. Chow much lean body mass you have.
     4. Dhow many hours you sleep each night.
102. 102The type of fat that is stored in the abdominal region is called

     1. Asubcutaneous fat.
     2. Bvisceral fat.
     3. Ccentral fat.
     4. Dgynoid fat.
103. 103Weight loss during a low-carbohydrate diet is primarily due to what?

     1. Awater loss
     2. Bfat loss
     3. Cprotein loss
     4. DNone of these answers is correct.
104. 104What is lanugo?

     1. Avery fine, soft hair on the face and arms of people with anorexia nervosa
     2. Ba sudden drop in blood pressure from excessive dieting
     3. Ca side effect of liposuction surgery
     4. Da supplement claimed to increase metabolism
105. 105What is the approximate TEF of a 260-calorie plain bagel?

     1. A62
     2. B2.6
     3. C26
     4. D260
106. 106Which activity burns the most calories per hour?

     1. Awalking 3.5 miles per hour
     2. Bbicycling less than 10 miles per hour
     3. Cswimming slow freestyle laps
     4. Dstretching
107. 107Which hormone affects BMR levels?

     1. Aghrelin
     2. Bthyroid hormone
     3. Cleptin
     4. Dcholecystokinin
108. 108Which hormone is made in the stomach and increases hunger?

     1. Aleptin
     2. Bthyroid hormone
     3. Ccholecystokinin
     4. Dghrelin
109. 109Which hormone is produced in fat tissue that helps regulate body fat by signaling the reduction of food intake in the brain?

     1. Aghrelin
     2. Bleptin
     3. Cthyroid hormone
     4. Dcholecystokinin
110. 110Which hormone is released when the stomach is distended?

     1. Aleptin
     2. Bghrelin
     3. Ccholecystokinin
     4. Dthyroid hormone
111. 111Which hormone signals a decrease in food intake?

     1. Aghrelin
     2. Bthyroid hormone
     3. Cleptin
     4. Dcholecystokinin
112. 112Which of the following BMI values is considered healthy?

     1. Aunder 18.5
     2. Bbetween 18.5 and 25
     3. Cbetween 18.5 and 30
     4. Dbetween 20 and 30
113. 113Which of the following prescription weight-loss medications prevents the breakdown of fat?

     1. AQsymia
     2. BMeridia
     3. CXenical
     4. DBelviq
114. 114Which of the following surgeries reduces the functional volume of the stomach?

     1. Agastric banding
     2. Bliposuction
     3. Ccolectomy
     4. Dgastric bypass
115. 115Which of the following contributes to the growing obesity epidemic?

     1. APeople are less active.
     2. BPortion sizes are too large.
     3. CPeople eat too many ready-to-eat foods prepared outside the home.
     4. DAll these answers are correct.
116. 116Which of the following is a cosmetic procedure and not a way to lose weight?

     1. Agastric banding
     2. Bliposuction
     3. Cgastric bypass
     4. Dsibutramine
117. 117Which of the following is not correct about eating disorders?

     1. ANinety percent occur in women.
     2. BThey are psychological illnesses.
     3. CThe highest prevalence is among African-American women.
     4. DThey are accompanied by a distorted sense of body image.
118. 118Which of the following nutritious foods is the most energy dense?

     1. A1 oz cooked chicken breast
     2. B1 cup of granola
     3. C1 cup of mashed potatoes
     4. D1 tbsp of real mayonnaise
119. 119Which of the following weight-loss medications has been prohibited by the FDA?

     1. Aephedrine
     2. BBelviq
     3. CQysmia
     4. Dorlistat
120. 120Which of the following describes the sensation of having enough to eat?

     1. Asatiety
     2. Banxiety
     3. Chunger
     4. Dscarcity
121. 121Which of the following is not a benefit of physical fitness?

     1. ABetter sleep habits
     2. BLess body fat
     3. CLess muscle mass
     4. DLower blood pressure
122. 122Which of the following supplies energy for quick bursts of intense activity lasting up to one minute?

     1. APhosphocreatine
     2. BAerobic glucose breakdown
     3. CLactic acid
     4. DCaffeine
123. 123The conversion of glucose to lactic acid is called

     1. Aaerobic glucose breakdown.
     2. Banaerobic glucose breakdown.
     3. Caerobic glycogen breakdown.
     4. Danaerobic glycogen breakdown.
124. 124The difference between aerobic and anaerobic glucose breakdown is

     1. Aaerobic glucose breakdown uses amino acids, anaerobic does not.
     2. Bthe end product of aerobic glucose breakdown is lactic acid; the end products of anaerobic glucose breakdown are carbon dioxide and water.
     3. Cthe end products of aerobic glucose breakdown are carbon dioxide and water; the end product of anaerobic glucose breakdown is lactic acid.
     4. Danaerobic glucose breakdown uses oxygen, aerobic does not.
125. 125Anaerobic glucose breakdown provides most of the energy for sports activities lasting

     1. A10 seconds.
     2. Bup to 30 seconds.
     3. C30 seconds to 2 minutes.
     4. Dup to 5 minutes.
126. 126Protein supplies approximately __________ percent of a human's typical energy needs.

     1. A0
     2. B5
     3. C15
     4. D25
127. 127Bob drinks 6 cups of caffeinated coffee before his long distance bike race. He does this so fatty acids will be released into the bloodstream in greater than normal quantities to be used for energy and spare glycogen. Which of the following is true about fatty acid usage for energy?

     1. AEnergy is released from fatty acids anaerobically.
     2. BEnergy is released from fatty acids in a process called lipogenesis.
     3. CThis is not a proven or promoted strategy to enhance performance.
     4. DFatty acids are useful for intense exercise.
128. 128Neil is a football player. We can tell whether he is getting enough calories by all the following except

     1. Adetermining his body fat level.
     2. Bseeing if his body fat is about 5 percent to 18 percent.
     3. Cmonitoring weight changes on a weekly basis.
     4. Dweighing him before and after football practice.
129. 129If an athlete's body fat level is too high, what is the best weight-loss approach?

     1. AFollow an 800-kilocalorie eating plan.
     2. BWear a rubber suit to sweat off extra weight.
     3. CEat about 200 to 500 kilocalories less than one's EER per day.
     4. DRestrict dietary carbohydrates to less than 50% of total calories
130. 130Bart is a wrestler. His weight is regularly higher than the weight class he would like to wrestle in. What should he do?

     1. ATake diuretics to lose weight.
     2. BSit in a sauna.
     3. CGradually reduce food intake before wrestling season.
     4. DRestrict fluids before weigh-in.
131. 131Athletes who consume adequate carbohydrates experience all of the following except

     1. Areduced risk of chronic fatigue.
     2. Badequate liver glycogen stores.
     3. Cincreased body fat
     4. Dadequate muscle glycogen stores.
132. 132To help maintain adequate glycogen stores, an endurance athlete should eat

     1. Abroccoli and cheese soup.
     2. Bbagels and oranges.
     3. Cpeanut butter and apples.
     4. Dtuna sandwich and milk.
133. 133A meal representative of what an endurance athlete should eat before an event is

     1. Asteak, eggs, milk, and hash browns.
     2. Ba turkey sandwich, cottage cheese, milk, and a chocolate bar.
     3. Ctwo scrambled eggs, a bran muffin, an apple, and orange juice.
     4. Dspaghetti with sauce, green beans, and low-fat milk.
134. 134Carbohydrate loading

     1. Ainvolves loading up on carbohydrate-laden foods the day before an endurance event.
     2. Binvolves little exercise and a high-carbohydrate diet the first 3 days, followed by heavy exercise and a low-carbohydrate diet right before competition.
     3. Cinvolves a tapering in the intensity of workouts with a corresponding increase in the percentage of carbohydrate intake.
     4. Ddoes not increase glycogen stores to any significant degree.
135. 135For which of the following activities would carbohydrate loading be warranted?

     1. AMarathon
     2. BWeight lifting
     3. CFootball
     4. D10-kilometer race
136. 136A 120-pound woman is attempting to be a bodybuilder so she would like to gain large quantities of muscle mass. Her daily protein intake should be how many grams?

     1. A32 to 59
     2. B65 to 87
     3. C82 to 93
     4. D44 to 81
137. 137The daily protein intake for a muscle-building athlete to maintain current fitness and strength should be _____ grams per kilogram body weight.

     1. A0.6 to 0.8
     2. B0.8 to 1.0
     3. C1.0 to 1.2
     4. D1.5 to 1.7
138. 138To prevent iron deficiency, a female athlete should do all of the following except

     1. Atake high-dose iron supplements regularly.
     2. Bhave her blood hemoglobin level checked regularly.
     3. Cconsume plant sources of iron with a source of vitamin C.
     4. Deat iron-fortified breakfast cereals.
139. 139If a woman athlete is not menstruating regularly, she should do all the following except

     1. Aexercise more intensely.
     2. Bincrease her calorie intake.
     3. Cget adequate calcium in the diet.
     4. Dhave her body fat percentage checked.
140. 140Which of the following is a good pre-event meal?

     1. ABacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich
     2. BMilk shake
     3. CCheese and sausage pizza
     4. DBagel with peanut butter
141. 141The best way to determine how much fluid must be replaced as a result of a workout is to

     1. Aweigh before and after the workout.
     2. Brely on thirst.
     3. Cdrink various amounts of fluid during the workout and see how much makes you feel best.
     4. Destimate how much you sweated.
142. 142For every pound lost during a workout, ______ cup(s) of water should be consumed during or after exercise.

     1. A1/2 to 1
     2. B1 to 2
     3. C2 to 3
     4. D3 to 4
143. 143Joe loses 7 pounds during basketball practice. How many cups of water would be adequate to replenish this loss?

     1. A5
     2. B10
     3. C20
     4. D30
144. 144All of the following are good practices to keep well hydrated during endurance events except

     1. Ataking salt tablets and drinking plenty of fluid before the workout.
     2. Bdrinking freely during the 24 hours before an event.
     3. Cconsuming 1.5 to 2 cups of fluid 4 hours prior to the event start.
     4. Dconsuming fluid to replace losses during the workout.
145. 145Which of the following does not have an ergogenic effect according to your text?

     1. ACreatine
     2. BCarnitine
     3. CBaking soda
     4. DCaffeine
146. 146Anabolic steroid use may cause all of the following side effects except

     1. Astunting growth in teenage athletes.
     2. Bcardiovascular disease.
     3. Cbody fat loss.
     4. D"roid rage" (extreme mood swings).
147. 147A regular physical activity program should include all the following except

     1. Aa warmup.
     2. Ba frequency of 2 times per week.
     3. Ca heart rate of 60 percent to 70 percent of maximum.
     4. Dat least 20 to 30 minutes duration.
148. 148A well-tolerated exercise for overweight people is

     1. Abasketball.
     2. Bjogging.
     3. Cbicycling.
     4. Daerobic dance.
149. 149The use of sports drinks is critical for activities lasting

     1. A5 to 60 seconds.
     2. B1 to 5 minutes
     3. C30 minutes.
     4. D60 to 90 minutes.
150. 150A good sports drink contains all the following except

     1. Apotassium and sodium.
     2. Bcaffeine
     3. Cglucose
     4. Dchloride
151. 151A food can be labeled as "organic" if ________% of its ingredients are organic.

     1. A75
     2. B85
     3. C95
     4. D100
152. 152A group of synthetic pesticides that adversely affect the nervous system of pests are called

     1. Afungicides.
     2. Bherbicides.
     3. Corganophosphates.
     4. Dantibiotics.
153. 153A growing trend in food advertising is to

     1. Amake the product very cheap.
     2. Bmarket heavily to young adults.
     3. Cpackage the product in bright colors.
     4. Dtarget the older adult population.
154. 154All of the following are agencies that regulate bioengineered foods except the

     1. AFTC
     2. BFDA
     3. CEPA
     4. DUSDA
155. 155A sustainable food system is one that

     1. Asatisfies human food needs.
     2. Benhances environmental quality and natural resources.
     3. Cmakes the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources.
     4. DAll these answers are correct.
156. 156Chemicals used to kill mold are called

     1. Afungicides.
     2. Bherbicides.
     3. Corganophosphates.
     4. Dantibiotics.
157. 157Cows are injected with recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) because with it

     1. Athey can produce more milk.
     2. Bthey become more fertile.
     3. Cthe milk they produce is more nutritious.
     4. Dthey are more resistant to disease.
158. 158Cows are injected with hormones to

     1. Aincrease weight gain.
     2. Bincrease milk production.
     3. Cincrease meat production.
     4. DAll these answers are correct.
159. 159Drugs that kill or slow the growth of bacteria are called

     1. Afungicides.
     2. Bherbicides.
     3. Corganophosphates.
     4. Dantibiotics.
160. 160If no organic claim is made on the food label, then

     1. Athe food contains at least 70 percent organic ingredients.
     2. Bthe food is composed entirely of organic ingredients.
     3. Cthe food contains at least 95 percent organic ingredients.
     4. Dthe food contains less than 70 percent organic ingredients.
161. 161If the food label says 100% organic, then
     

     1. Athe USDA Organic seal must be displayed.
     2. Bthe food must be composed entirely of organic ingredients.
     3. Cthe food cannot contain sulfites and must declare the certifying agent.
     4. DAll these answers are correct.
162. 162If the food label says "made with organic ingredients," then

     1. Athe food contains at least 70 percent organic ingredients.
     2. Bthe food is composed entirely of organic ingredients.
     3. Cthe food contains at least 95 percent organic ingredients.
     4. Dthe food contains less than 70 percent organic ingredients.
163. 163________ is an example of a food whose nutritional value has been modified so that it contains more vitamin A and iron.

     1. AFrankenfood
     2. BBt corn
     3. CGolden rice
     4. DThe high-oleic-acid soybean
164. 164________ is the application of biological techniques to living cells in order to alter their genetic makeup.

     1. ABiocytology
     2. BBiotechnology
     3. CBiochemistry
     4. DBiotoxicology
165. 165Substances used to kill and control weeds are called

     1. Aherbicides.
     2. Borganophosphates.
     3. Cantibiotics.
     4. Dantimicrobials.
166. 166Surplus, unsold foods grown and raised on U.S. farms are used to provide for the

     1. ANational School Lunch Program.
     2. BSummer Food Service Program.
     3. CChild and Adult Care Food Program.
     4. DAll these answers are correct.
167. 167The "Americanization" of many food cultures around the world is the cause of a growing problem with

     1. Ainfections.
     2. Barthritis.
     3. Cobesity.
     4. Dasthma.
168. 168The genetic modification of corn is based on incorporating the gene that produces a toxin similar to that produced by the bacterium

     1. AE. coli.
     2. BCampylobacter.
     3. CListeria monocytogenes.
     4. DBacillus thuringiensis.
169. 169The ________ has developed guidelines for the judicious use of antibiotics in food-producing animals.

     1. ACDC
     2. BCVM
     3. CFDA
     4. DUSDA
170. 170The largest major agricultural crop produced in the United States is

     1. Acorn
     2. Bsoybeans.
     3. Csugarcane.
     4. Dwheat.
171. 171The pesticides used in farming are continually re-reviewed by the ________ to ensure their safety.

     1. AFDA
     2. BUSDA
     3. CEPA
     4. DCVM
172. 172What is a challenge faced by present-day farmers?

     1. Aunpredictability of weather-related events
     2. Bdemand for low food prices
     3. Chigh costs of farming
     4. DAll these answers are correct
173. 173What is precision agriculture?

     1. Acultivating the land at precisely the same time each year
     2. Bknowing the precise boundaries of the land
     3. Cusing computers and technology to farm more efficiently
     4. DNone of these answers is correct.
174. 174What is the disadvantage of reducing biodiversity?

     1. Aglobal warming
     2. Breduced variety and nutritional quality of diet
     3. Crestricted food production
     4. DNone of these answers is correct.
175. 175What is the estimate for the time it takes to regenerate one inch of nutrient-rich topsoil?

     1. A1 year
     2. B50 years
     3. C100 years
     4. D500 years
176. 176What percentage of an average American's income is spent on what he or she eats today?

     1. Aless than 5%
     2. Bless than 10%
     3. C20%
     4. Dover 25%
177. 177Which of the following is not a state with a high concentration of beef farms?

     1. AMontana
     2. BTexas
     3. COklahoma
     4. DMissouri
178. 178Which of the following has an impact on the environment when used in farming?

     1. Apesticides
     2. Bantibiotics
     3. CAll agricultural resources affect the environment in some way.
     4. Dmanure
179. 179Which of the following is not an approach used in IPM (integrated pest management)?

     1. Apest-resistant strains
     2. Bcrop rotation
     3. Cirradiation
     4. Dnatural predator introduction
180. 180Which of the following is not a result of genetic modification in plants?

     1. Abigger plants
     2. Bgreater yield
     3. Cdisease resistance
     4. Drain resistance
181. 181A common type of virus that causes foodborne illness is the

     1. Anorovirus.
     2. Bpoliovirus.
     3. Ctobacco mosaic virus.
     4. Dcytomegalovirus.
182. 182All of the following may contain Salmonella enteritidis except

     1. Acake batter.
     2. Braw cookie dough
     3. Cyogurt
     4. Dhomemade caesar salad
183. 183Bacteria that cause foodborne illness thrive best between

     1. A0°F and 100°F.
     2. B40°F and 140°F.
     3. C75°F and 175°F.
     4. D200°F and 300°F.
184. 184Even stored at the proper temperature, leftovers should not remain in the refrigerator longer than

     1. A2 days
     2. B3 days
     3. C4 days
     4. D6 days
185. 185Foodborne illnesses often result in ________ symptoms.

     1. Aneurological
     2. Bgastrointestinal
     3. Cmuscular
     4. Dperipheral
186. 186Individuals can be exposed to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) by eating

     1. Aspinach and lettuce.
     2. Bsushi.
     3. Cbeef.
     4. Deggs
187. 187Madhavi went to a petting zoo with her daughter. They held an iguana and touched a turtle. An infection by which pathogen is possible if a thorough hand washing is not done?

     1. Ahepatitis A
     2. Ba prion
     3. CShigella
     4. DSalmonella
188. 188The agency responsible for ensuring safe and accurately labeled meat, poultry, and eggs is the

     1. AUSDA Food Safety and Inspection Service.
     2. BFood and Drug Administration.
     3. CEnvironmental Protection Agency.
     4. DAnimal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
189. 189The most common type of bacteria-related diarrhea in the United States is caused by

     1. AListeria.
     2. BE. coli.
     3. CSalmonella.
     4. DCampylobacter.
190. 190Traveler's diarrhea is mainly caused by

     1. Araw shellfish.
     2. Bdrinking stool-contaminated water and foods.
     3. Chot dogs
     4. Dsushi
191. 191Traveling to which country puts a person at higher risk for traveler's diarrhea?

     1. AFrance
     2. BEgypt
     3. CIreland
     4. DBermuda
192. 192What happens to most microbes in the freezer?

     1. AThey die.
     2. BThey grow just as quickly as at room temperature.
     3. CThey grow slowly.
     4. DThey become dormant but do not die.
193. 193What is Guillain-Barré syndrome?

     1. Aa form of diarrhea after consumption of the parasitic roundworm Trichinella spiralis
     2. Ba form of diarrhea transmitted by reptiles
     3. Ca nerve disease that can occur after contracting a Campylobacter infection
     4. Da condition that leads to kidney failure
194. 194What is the best way to fight foodborne illness?

     1. ACheck food for microbial contamination using a magnifying glass.
     2. BUse proper food handling and storage strategies.
     3. CBuy only sterilized and irradiated food.
     4. DThrow away any and all excess and uneaten food.
195. 195Which cheese poses a higher risk of listeriosis?

     1. ABrie
     2. BAmerican
     3. CParmesan
     4. Dcream cheese
196. 196Which disease is caused by a prion?

     1. Abovine spongiform encephalopathy
     2. Blisteriosis
     3. Cbotulism
     4. Dhepatitis A
197. 197Which government agency is involved in regulating pesticides?

     1. AFDA
     2. BEPA
     3. CUSDA
     4. DAll of these answers are correct
198. 198Which of the following food additives is an emulsifier?

     1. Amonosodium glutamate
     2. Bpropylene glycol
     3. Clecithin
     4. DFD&C
199. 199Which of the following is transmitted via raw eggs?

     1. AGiardia duodenalis
     2. Bhepatitis A
     3. CSalmonella enteritidis
     4. DE. coli O157:H7
200. 200Which of the following is a kidney-damaging bacteria spread by contaminated ground beef?

     1. AGiardia duodenalis
     2. Bhepatitis A
     3. CSalmonella enteritidis
     4. DE. coli O157:H7

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Test sobre FINAL, creado por Nikki Porter el 13/12/2018.

Autor

Nikki Porter

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