Test
Environmental Science - Chapter Two
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Preguntas del test (113)
1An environment consists of complex networks of interlinked systems.
- AVerdadero
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2What is a system?
- AA bunch of different parts working together to accomplish different goals.
- BA bunch of different parts working together to accomplish the same goal.
- COne part working to accomplish many different goals.
3Without a part, the system will still work properly.
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4System inputs _?
- APull something out of the system.
- BPut something into the system
- CTake something away from the system
- DDon't do anything to interact with the system
5System outputs _?
- AAre the result of the system inputs
- BCreate the same input again for the same system
- CAre useless
6A system output can serve as a input.
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7What are the types of feedback loops?
- APositive
- BElectron
- CNeutral
- DNegative
8In a negative feedback loop, the output acts as an input that moves the system, in a new direction.
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9Most systems do not use a negative feedback loop.
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10A negative feedback loop pushes towards _.
- Aequilibrium
- Bpreservation
- Ccombustion
- Dunsustainability
11A positive feedback loop has the opposite effect of the negative feedback loop.
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12A positive feedback loop pushes towards _.
- Acombustion
- Bstable situations
- Cunstable situations
13Positive feedback loops are rare in nature.
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14What is the lithosphere?
- AEarth's decay
- BEarth's crust
- CEverything but earth's crust
15What is the atmosphere?
- AWater
- BOuter space
- CAir surrounding our planet
16What is the hydrosphere?
- AAll land
- BAll water
- CEverything but water
17What is the biosphere?
- ATotal of all the planet's biotic and abiotic components.
- BTotal of all the planet's biotic components
- CTotal of all the planet's abiotic components
- DTotal of all the planet's water
18Eutrophication is the process of nutrient over-enrichment.
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19Chemistry does not play a central role in many environmental challenges.
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20All material that has mass and occupies space is matter.
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21Laws of Conservation of Matter
- Acan be transformed
- Bcannot be transformed
- Ccannot be destroyed or created
- Dstays constant as its recycled
22An element is _.
- Aa fundamental type of matter
- Ba fundamental type of science
23An element cannot be broken down into any other substances with other properties.
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24Each element is composed of
- Aatoms
- Bthree neutrons
- Celement
25An atom is the smallest component that maintains the chemical properties of the element.
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26Each atom has a nucleus with
- Aprotons
- Bneutrons
- Celectrons
- Dproteins
- Echemicals
27An element will always have the same number of
- Aprotons
- Bneutrons
- Celectrons
- Dnuclei
28An element can have different numbers of neutrons or electrons.
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29Isotopes _.
- Acan have different numbers of neutrons
- Bcan have different numbers of electrons
- Ccan change its behavior
- Dcan be radioactive
- Ecannot be radioactive
30Ions are positively charged.
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31Ions are atoms that can gain or lose
- Aprotons
- Bnuclei
- Cneutrons
- Delectrons
32A pH scale
- Ameasures oxygen
- Bmeasures hydrogen
- Cmeasures carbon
- Dmeasures nitrogen
33Hydrogen ions and whether they are acidic or basic is
- Acounted on a balance
- Bmeasured on a pH scale
- Cmeasured on a pH ruler
- Doberserved
34Molecules are _.
- Athe combination of two or more atoms
- Bthe combination of two atoms
- Cthe combination of four of the same atoms
35Molecules composed of two or more different elemets are called compounds.
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36Organic compounds are
- ACarbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
- BHydrogen atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
- CCarbon atoms bonded to carbon atoms
- DNitrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms
37Polymers are long chains of repeated molecules.
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38Hydrocarbons are
- Acompounds of hydrogen and carbon
- Bcompounds of hydrogen and nitrogen
- Ccompounds of carbon and nitrogen
39Macromolecules are
- ALarge molecules
- BSmall molecules
- CMedium molcules
- DMicroscopic molecules
40What are three essential macromolecules?
- ACarbohydrates
- BNucleic acids
- CLipids
- DProteins
41Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids.
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42Amino acids do not determine the identity of proteins.
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43Amino acids
- AStore energy
- BTransport substances
- CProvide structural support
- DProduce tissue
44Amino acids are the building blocks of life.
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45Nucleic acid direct protein production.
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46Nucleic acid carries
- Aprotein information
- Bgenetic information
- Cmental information
- Dcarbohydrate information
47What are the two types of nucleic acid?
- ADNA
- BRNA
- CRDNA
- DCNA
48Carbohydrates are
- Asimple sugars
- Bcomplex sugars
- Csimple proteins
- Dnucleic acids
49What are the two major types of energy?
- ACombustion energy
- BPotential energy
- CWind energy
- DKinetic energy
50Potential energy is the energy of
- Aposition
- Bchemicals
- Catoms
- Dmotion
51Kinetic energy is the energy of
- Apoisition
- Bchemicals
- Cwind
- Dmotion
52Chemical energy is potential energy in the bonds of atoms.
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53Why is it important to have energy?
- ATo do anything
- BTo run
- CTo do nothing
54In the First Law of Thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can change forms.
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55In the Second Law of Thermodynamics,
- Athe nature of energy will change from a more ordered state to a less ordered state
- Bthe nature of energy will change from a less ordered state to a more ordered state
56The Earth's energy comes from the moon.
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57Autotrophs are also know as consumers.
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58Autotrophs are known as producers.
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59Autotrophs
- AUse the sun's energy to produce their own food
- BUse the sun's energy to decompose
- CDo not use the sun's energy to produce their own food
60Autotrophs
- Aturn chemical energy into light energy
- Bturn light energy into chemical energy
- Cturn light energy into soil
- Dturn chemical energy into wind energy
61In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted into sugars.
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62The components of photosynthesis are
- ACarbon dioxide
- BWater
- CShade
- DSunlight
- ESoil
- FSugar
- GNitrogen
- HOxygen
63Heterotrophs can produce their own food.
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64What are the components of cellular respiration?
- AWater
- BEnergy
- CCarbon dioxide
- DSunlight
- ESugar
- FOxygen
- GMonoxide
- HCO2
65Energy is kept as heat in a one-way flow through the system.
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66An ecosystem is all of the organisms and non-living entities in a particular area at the same time
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67Primary production is the
- Aconversion of solar energy to sugars
- Bconversion of sugars to solar energy
- Cconversion or water to gas
- Dconversion of solar energy to wind energy
68Gross primary production is the
- Ause of energy made by the heterotrophs themselves
- Buse of energy made by the plants themselves
- Cuse of atoms made by the plants themselves
69Net primary production is energy left over to put into biomass.
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70All ecosystems produce biomass at the same rate.
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71Elements and compounds are consumed and required for survival of organisms.
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72Nitrogen has
- A7 protons, 7 neutrons
- B4 protons, 7 neutrons
- C4 protons, 4 neutrons
73Phosphorus has
- A7 protons, 7 neutrons
- B15 protons, 15 neutrons
- C17 protons, 17 neutrons
74Oxygen has
- A7 protons, 7 neutrons
- B7 protons, 8 neutrons
- C8 protons, 8 neutrons
75Carbon has
- A7 protons, 6 neutrons
- B6 protons, 6 neutrons
- C6 protons, 7 neutrons
76Carbon dioxide is a colorless gad used by plants for photosynthesis, given off by repiration, and released by burning fossil fuels.
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77Ionic bonds are
- Achemical bonds formed by the attraction between positively charged ions.
- Bchemical bonds formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
- Cchemical bonds formed by the attraction between negatively charged ions.
- Dchemical bonds formed by the attraction between neutrally charged ions.
78A watershed is the entire area of a river from when a pipe drains into an ocean.
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79Hypoxia is the condition of extremely low dissolved oxygen concentrations in a body of water.
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80A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by atoms "sharing" electrons.
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81What is a solution?
- AA mixture of substances in which elements, molecules, or compounds come together without chemically bonding.
- BA mixture of substances in which elements, molecules, or compounds come together with an ionic bond.
- CPlasma
82Methane is a colorless gas produced primarily by anaerobic decomposition.
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83The ozone
- Ais a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms
- Babsorbs ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere
- Cabsorbs ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere
- Dis a molecule consisting of four oxygen atoms
84What happens in biogeochemical cycles?
- ANutrients cycle through the stratosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
- BChemicals cycle through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
- CNutrients cycle through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
85What is a flux?
- AMovement among ponds
- BMovement among reservoirs
- CMovement among oceans
86A source is a reservoir that releases more nutrients than they accept
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87In a sink, the reservoir accepts more than it releases.
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88What are the three forms of the hydrolytic cycle?
- Aliquid
- Bplasma
- Cgas
- Dsolid
89Water gets into the atmosphere only by evaporation.
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90What is transpiration?
- AEvaporation from plants
- BEvaporation from snow
- CEvaporation in general
91Runoff is water flowing over land.
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92Human have only impacted some aspects of the water cycle.
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93How have we impacted the water cycle?
- AOverfilled water sources
- BDecreased evaporation
- CDepleted water sources
- DReduced transpiration
- EIncreased transpiration
- FIncreased evaporation
94Carbon is a part of every living thing.
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95Producers pull _ from the atmosphere.
- ACO2
- BH2O
- CN
- DK
96Producers put some CO2 back into the atmosphere.
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97CO2 becomes incorporated into the tissues of _ and _.
- Aplants, air
- Bplants, insects
- Canimals,insects
- Dplants,animals
98Settles into _ when organisms die.
- AWater
- BSediment
- CPlants
99What is the largest reservoir of carbon?
- AWater
- BAir
- CPlants
- DSoil
100Putting too much CO2 into the air is a major climate change argument.
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101Shifted from _ to atmosphere.
- Ahydrosphere
- Blithosphere
- Cstratosphere
102Nitrogen makes up how much of our atmosphere?
- A48%
- B78%
- C88%
- D76%
103Nitrogen is essential.
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104Nitrogen needs what to help itself cycle.
- ABacteria
- BThunder
- CLightning
- DAtoms
105How many steps are in the nitrogen cycle?
- A3
- B2
- C4
- D6
106Nitrogen has to be "fixed" before it can be used.
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107Through what step of the nitrogen cycle do plants take up nitrates?
- ADeneitrification
- BNitrification
- CNitrogen fixation
108How have humans impacted the nitrogen cycle?
- AReduced plants
- BReduced bacteria
- CIncreased amount of nitrogen in soils and water through fertilizer.
- DIncreased amount of nitrogen in soils and water through new plants.
109Phosphorus is found in the atmosphere.
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110The majority of phosphorus is found in
- Arocks
- Bplants
- Canimals
- Dwater
111When rocks are weather, the phosphorus runs into the water and
- Asettles into the sediment
- Bsettles into plants
- Csettles into fish
- Dis dissolved
112Plants do not take up phosphorus.
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113How have humans impacted the phosphorus cycle?
- AMined rocks
- BPut phosphorus in fertilizers
- CTaken phosphorus out of fertilizers
- DDetergents
Información
- Descripción
- I'm using "Essential Environment: The Science Behind the Stories" 4th edition by Withgott & Laposata
- Autor
- jenniferogo
- Idioma
- English
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