Fichas
Astronomy - Charting the Heavens
Fichas del conjunto (50)
- 1universethe totality of all space, time, matter, and energy
- 2astronomythe study of the universe
- 3annular eclipsesolar eclipse occurring at a time when the moon is far enough away from Earth that it fails to cover the disk of the Sun completely, leaving a ring of sunlight visible around its edge
- 4autumnal equinoxdate on which the Sun crosses the celestial equator moving southward, occurring on or near September 22
- 5baselinethe distance between two observing locations used for the purposes of triangulation measurements. the larger the baseline, the better the resolution attainable.
- 6celestial coordinatespair of quantities-right ascension and declination-similar to longitude and latitude on Earth, used to pinpoint locations of objects on the celestial sphere
- 7celestial equatorthe projection of Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere
- 8celestial sphereimaginary sphere surrounding Earth to which all objects in the sky were once considered to be attached
- 9constellationa human grouping of stars in the night sky into a recognizable pattern
- 10cosmic distance scalecollection of indirect distance-measurement techniques that astronomers use to measure distances in the universe
- 11declinationcelestial coordinate used to measure latitude above or below the celestial equator on the celestial sphere
- 12diurnal motionapparent daily motion of the stars caused by Earth's rotation
- 13eclipticthe apparent path of the Sun, relative to the stars on the celestial sphere, over the course of a year
- 14eclipseevent during which one body passes in front of another, so that the light from the occulted body is blocked
- 15full moonphase of the moon in which it appears as a complete circular disk in the sky
- 16galaxygravitationally bound collection of a large number of stars
- 17lunar eclipsecelestial event during which the moon passes through the shadow of the earth, temporarily darkening its surface
- 18lunar phasethe appearance of the moon at different points along its orbit
- 19new moonphase of the moon during which none of the lunar disk is visible
- 20north celestial polepoint on the celestial sphere directly above Earth's North Pole
- 21parallaxthe apparent motion of a relatively close object with respect to a more distant background as the location of the observer changes
- 22partial eclipsecelestial event during which only a part of the occulted body is blocked from view
- 23penumbraportion of the shadow cast by an eclipsing object in which the eclipse is seen as partial.
- 24phaseappearance of the sunlit face of the moon at different points along its orbit, as seen from Earth
- 25planeta celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star
- 26precessionthe slow change in direction of the rotation axis of a spinning object, caused by some external gravitational influence
- 27quarter moonlunar phase in which the moon appears as a half disk
- 28revolutionorbital motion of one body about another, such as Earth about the Sun
- 29right ascensioncelestial coordinate used to measure longitude on the celestial sphere. the zero point is the position of the Sun at the vernal equinox.
- 30sciencea step-by-step process for investigating the physical world based on natural laws and observed phenomena
- 31scientific methodthe set of rules used to guide science, based on the idea that scientific "laws" be continually tested and modified or replaced if found inadequate
- 32seasonschanges in average temperature and length of day that result from the tilt of Earth's (or any planet's) axis with respect to the plane of its orbit
- 33sidereal daythe time needed between successive risings of a given star
- 34sidereal monthtime required for the moon to complete one trip around the celestial sphere
- 35sidereal yearthe time required for the constellations to complete one cycle around the sky and return to their starting points, as seen from a given point on Earth. Earth's orbital period around the Sun is one sidereal year.
- 36solar daythe period of time between the instant when the sun is directly overhead to the next time it is directly overhead
- 37solar eclipsecelestial event during which the new moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth, temporarily blocking the Sun's light
- 38south celestial polepoint on the celestial sphere directly above Earth's South Pole
- 39stara glowing ball of gas held together by its own gravity and powered by nuclear fusion in its core
- 40summer solsticepoint on the ecliptic where the Sun is at its northernmost point above the celestial equator, occurring on or near June 21
- 41synodic monthtime required for the moon to complete a full cycle of phases
- 42theoretical modelan attempt to construct a mathematical explanation of a physical process or phenomenon within the assumptions and confines of a given theory. in addition to providing an explanation of the observed facts, the model generally also makes new predictions that can be tested by further observation or experimentation
- 43theorya framework of ideas and assumptions used to explain some set of observations and make predictions about the real world
- 44total eclipsecelestial event during which one body is completely blocked by another
- 45triangulationmethod of determining distance based on the principles of geometry. a distant object is sighted from two well-separated locations. the distance between the two locations and the angle between the line joining them and the line to the distant object are all that are necessary to ascertain the object's distance
- 46tropical yearthe time interval between one vernal equinox and the next
- 47umbracentral region of the shadow cast by an eclipsing body
- 48vernal equinoxdate on which the Sun crosses the celestial equator moving northward, occurring on or near March 21
- 49winter solsticepoint on the ecliptic where the Sun is at its southernmost point below the celestial equator, occurring on or near December 21
- 50zodiacthe 12 constellations on the celestial sphere through which the Sun appears to pass during the course of a year
Información
- Descripción
- The foundations of astronomy--our place in space, constellations, the celestial sphere, Earth's orbital motion, motion of the moon, triangulation, the scientific method.
- Creado por
- Jisu Nguyen · ene 2018
- Actualizado
- 20 ene 2018
- Visitas
- 24
- Valoración