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Insects
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- 1Why do we study insects? (4 reasons)They pollenate plants, evolution-shorter life spans can see more changes, influence evolution of other organisms, top diseases are insect borne
- 2What are the four stages of an insect that undergoes complete metamorphosis?egg (incubation stage), larva (main function: eat and grow), pupa (inside this lifeless blob the cellular structures are being rearranged and reorganized), adult (after the adult larva leaves the pupa it slowly stretches out and relaxes under the sun while its exoskeleton dries out and hardens)
- 3what insects undergo complete metamorphosis?beetles, ants, butterflies, moths, fleas and mosquitoes
- 4what are the three stages of an insect that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis?egg, nymph (thin exoskeleton and no wings, as it grows larger their exoskeleton becomes too tight and they must replace it by going through molting; happens many times before finally becoming an adult), adult
- 5what are examples of insects that undergo incomplete metamorphosis?true bugs, grasshoppers, cockroaches, termites, praying mantises, crickets and lice
- 6what is the function of the head?major sensory center where antennae, eye and mouthparts are
- 7what is the function of the thorax?locomotion center to which all 6 legs and one or both pairs of wings are attached
- 8what is the function of the abdomen?metabolic, excretory, reproductive systems
- 9what is the function of the headquarters?digestive system, sex organs
- 10What do entomologists do?(1). identify pests (2). access new pests; foreign invaders (3). decipher pests versus beneficial species (4). publish information to farmers, community centers etc. (5). assist population with pest problems (home gardening, agriculture, etc.)
- 11Coleopterabeetles; hardened forewing (elytra), hind wings membranous, chewing mouthparts, elytra meets in straight line down back
- 12Dipteraflies and mosquitoes; forewings membranous, hind wings absent, replaced with balancing organs called halteres, different types of mouthparts
- 13Hymenopterabees, wasps, and ants; fore and hind wings are membranous, antennae usually threadlike, chewing mouthparts with modification for sucking
- 14Hemipteratrue bugs; forewings thickened at base, hind wings membranous, piercing-sucking mouthparts
- 15Lepidopterabutterflies and moths; fore and hind wings with scales, antennae long and many segmented, adult-siphoning mouthparts, larvae-chewing mouthparts
- 16aggressive mimicrywhen the mimic takes the signals of the model to lure in prey; example: lightening bugs: when a male firefly of another genus flashes its light signals, the female firefly replies with the male's flash pattern, suggesting she is a receptive mate of his own species. She continues luring him in, closer and closer, until he's within her reach; then she eats him.
- 17Deadly mimicrywhen all of the species involved are dangerous; the species mimics the more dangerous but not deadly; example: the deadly coral snakes of tropical America and a series of mildly venomous species that share the brightly banded color pattern
- 18batesian mimicrya harmless or palatable species resembles a dangerous or unpalatable, toxic one; a predator that eats a toxic butterfly becomes ill and vomits, after which taste aversion leads the predator to avoid prey that resemble the offending food idea
- 19mullerian mimicrythe resemblance of two or more unpalatable or dangerous species to each other; the advantage of mutual resemblance of dangerous species is that if a certain number of individuals must die to teach predators to avoid a pattern, then if that number is divided between two species, the risk of predation is lower for individuals of each species and a mutual resemblance will evolve
- 20Reasons for Monarch Migration(1). they cannot withstand freezing weather in the northern and central continental climates in the winter (2). the larval food plants do not grow in their winter overwintering sites, so the spring generation must fly back north to places where the plants are plentiful
- 21instarstime in between molts; the reason for these 13 to 17 year lapses between molts is because when they eventually surface they are in large number and predators can't track them
- 22Lacey Actcombats trafficking in "illegal" wildlife, fish and plants
- 23pector rectorsdots on butterfly wings
- 24ambiguity of orientationbutt looks like head, predator go after butt instead of head of prey
- 25Monarch generations(1). Fly to Mexico; at end of winter they fly to Gulf States, mate and die (2). Gulf to Northern US, mate and die (3). Fly to Canada, mate and die (4). Fly to Mexico
- 26what is the monarch's greatest killer?automobiles
- 27managementmanipulation of the environment to achieve human goals
- 28advanced regenerationroot structure is developed and waits until tree dies and then uses sunlight to fully grow and develop (also known as gap phase trees)
- 29oscar and alliegrows multiple stems to find correct height, if bigger stem dies from lack of light, another one will grow smaller; example: black cherry
- 30exclosurekeeps animals out
- 31inclosekeeps animals inside
- 32facilitationdeer eats understory and the asian stilt-grass grows; deer are facilitation for grass
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- college (Insects) Biology Fichas sobre Insects, creado por kgrogers22 el 08/12/2013.
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