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Chapter Two
Fichas del conjunto (28)
- 1What is the difference between hardware and software? Using examplesHardware is something that you can touch e.g. a printer whereas software is the programs used on the computer e.g. an OS
- 2What is standardisation?Standardisation is the imposition, by agreement, of a set of rules for the manufacturer.
- 3What are the impacts of standardisation?There are many incompatibilities and cost implications. For example, there are many different standards. If you purchase a computer that is not part of the global standard then all subsequent upgrades and parts will have to come from a specific source and will be expensive.
- 4What is the INPUT device, 'Keyboard'?It is a set of typewriter style keys that are used to input data and control commands to the computer. There are three types: QWERTY, alphabetic and Dvorak.
- 5What is a concept keyboard?It is a keyboard which is programmable where you can make your own keys. These are commonly used in fast food chains.
- 6What is the INPUT device 'Mouse'?It is a pointing device that can be used to select items on a screen.
- 7What is the INPUT device 'Scanner'It translates information into a form that a computer can use.
- 8Name the three types of scanner:Bar-code: translates bars into numbers. OMR: detects the presence or absence of marks and translates it into values. Magnetic Card Reader: takes information from a magnetic strip and converts it to usable data.
- 9What is the OUTPU device 'Monitor'?A screen which takes signals from the computer and displays them on a screen.
- 10Name the three types of printer:Dot Matrix: an impact printer. This means there is physical contact between the print head and the paper through an inked ribbon. Colour and B&W. Inkjet: Sprays ink on the paper. Colour and B&W. Cheap to run.
- 11What is a plotter?A mechanical device which produces printouts using vector graphics e.g. maps and building plans.
- 12What is a HDD?Hard disk drive. The main storage device for a computer. They hold the programs and data.
- 13Name the two types of optical disks:CD-ROM: store around 700MB and DVD: store around 4.7GB or more.
- 14What is a tape drive?Tape cassettes store data and they have a high storage capacity. Used mainly for backing up.
- 15Why would you use a memory stick to store data?They have a large storage capacity and they are small therefore easy to transport.
- 16Name three hardware devices to help VISUALLY impaired:A braille keyboard, a microphone and a loudspeaker.
- 17Name three hardware devices to help the PHYSICALLY disabled:A mouth stick, a puff-suck switch and a foot mouse.
- 18Name three specialist software's for disabled people:Text to speech, Magnifier and Sticky Keys
- 19What does an Operating System do?Controls the allocation and use of hardware resources such as memory, CPU time, the HDD and peripheral devices.
- 20What is a User Interface?A screen which enables the user to interact with an application or operating system.
- 21Name the four types of UIMenu, Form, Command Line and Natural Language
- 22What is utility software?A small program which assists the monitoring and maintaining of the computer system.
- 23Give two examples of utility software:Virus check and anti-spam
- 24What is application software?Software which allows the computer to be used to solve a particular problem and perform particular tasks for the end user e.g. spreadsheets and databases.
- 25What is a command based UI?A UI in which the user types instructions into a command prompt to control what the computer does.
- 26What is a Form UI?A limited area on a screen with boxes for the user to fill in.
- 27What is a Menu UI?series of related items that can be selected. Either pop-up or pull-down. Usually categorised. Can be cascaded (one menu leads to another). Can be context sensitive. Can use GUI or text-based. Part of a WIMP.
- 28What is Natural Language UI?allows users to use their own language to communicate with the computer. Either spoken or written.
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- Fichas sobre Chapter Two, creado por deanna_ellis10 el 01/04/2014.
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