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- 1KnowledgeVictor attempts to surge beyond accepted human limits and access the secret of life
Walton attempts to surpass previous human explorations by endeavouring to reach the North Pole.
Proves dangerous, as Victor’s act of creation eventually results in the destruction of everyone dear to him, and Walton finds himself perilously trapped between sheets of ice. - 2NatureIn depression and remorse after the deaths of William and Justine, for which he feels responsible, Victor heads to the mountains to lift his spirits. Likewise, after a hellish winter of cold and abandonment, the monster feels his heart lighten as spring arrives.
The influence of nature on mood is evident throughout the novel, but for Victor, the natural world’s power to console him wanes when he realises that the monster will haunt him no matter where he goes. - 3MonstrosotyMonster lies at the centre of the action. Eight feet tall and hideously ugly, the monster is rejected by society. However, his monstrosity results not only from his grotesque appearance but also from the unnatural manner of his creation
One can argue that Victor himself is a kind of monster, as his ambition, secrecy, and selfishness alienate him from human society. Ordinary on the outside, he may be the true “monster” inside, as he is eventually consumed by an obsessive hatred of his creation.
Finally, many critics have described the novel itself as monstrous, a stitched-together combination of different voices, texts, and tenses - 4SecrecyVictor’s entire obsession with creating life is shrouded in secrecy, and his obsession with destroying the monster remains equally secret until Walton hears his tale
In confessing all just before he dies, Victor escapes the stifling secrecy that has ruined his life; likewise, the monster takes advantage of Walton’s presence to forge a human connection, hoping desperately that at last someone will understand, and empathise with, his miserable existence. - 5Passive womenCaroline Beaufort is a self-sacrificing mother who dies taking care of her adopted daughter
Justine is executed for murder, despite her innocence
The creation of the female monster is aborted by Victor because he fears being unable to control her actions once she is animated
Elizabeth waits, impatient but helpless, for Victor to return to her, and she is eventually murdered by the monster. - 6Light and fireIn Frankenstein, light symbolises knowledge, discovery, and enlightenment. The natural world is a place of dark secrets, hidden passages, and unknown mechanisms; the goal of the scientist is then to reach light.
The dangerous and more powerful cousin of light is fire. The monster’s first experience with a still-smouldering flame reveals the dual nature of fire: he discovers excitedly that it creates light in the darkness of the night, but also that it harms him when he touches it.
Fire in the text also brings to mind the full title of Shelley’s novel, Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus.
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- A level English Fichas sobre VF themes, creado por Ashleigh Johnson el 26/04/2018.
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- Ashleigh Johnson
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