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Emotions & Motivation
Fichas del conjunto (36)
- 1EmotionsDef ~ positive or negative feeling states
Consists of: cognitive, physiological & behavioural reaction patterns - 2Arousal SystemSignal importance & help direct our attention
- 3What do negative emotions do?Narrow attention = increase physiological activation
ex. fear & anger - 4What do positive emotions do?Help form lasting relationships; broaden thinking = exploration & skill learning
- 54 Features of Emotions1. Eliciting stimuli response
2. Cognitive appraisal of stimuli
3. Body responds physiologically to appraisal
4. Behavioural tendencies including expressive behaviour - 6Hypothalamus functionRegulates basic biological needs
Ex. hunger, thirst, temperature control - 7Amygdala functionControls physiological & behavioural component of emotional responses
Ex. Fear & Anger - 8Hippocampus functionLimbic system structure involved in learning & memory;
Destruction or stimulation of limbic structures = aggression - 9Cerebral Cortex functionAllowing cognitive appraisals of emotions;
prefrontal cortex = ability to regulate emotion - 10Dual Pathway of Emotion (LeDoux)Thalamus sends sensory input to 2 pathways:
1. Amygdala - emotional & behavioural reaction before cortex responds
2. Cerebral Cortex - conscious interpretation
- which explains why people feel emotional without understanding why - 11James-Lange TheoryPerceiving a stimulus causes autonomic arousal + bodily actions that lead to experience of specific emotion
Ex. Fearful because we tremble/runaway
Event -> Arousal -> Interpretation -> Emotion - 12Cannon-Bard TheoryPhysiological reactions did not precede emotions; arousal + the experience of emotion
Event -> Arousal
-> Emotion - 13Two Factor TheoryAppraisal of arousal then discovering what emotion it is - cognitive labels come into action when we associate arousal to emotion - then emotion is conscious.
Event -> Arousal -> Cognitive Label -> Emotion - 14Emotion & MotivationEmotions and Motivation are linked -
react when goals are gratified, threatened, or frustrated; emotional reactions = strong when experience is pertinent to goals that are important to us
(Richard Lazarus 2006) - 15MotivationProcess that influences direction, persistence, & vigour of goal-directed behaviour
- 16Extrinsic MotivationPerforming activity to obtain external reward or avoid punishment
- 17Intrinsic MotivationPerforming activity for own sake; (joy or fulfillment)
- 18Adaptive SignificanceMotivated to engage in behaviours that promote survival advantages
- 19HomeostasisInternal physiological equilibrium that the body strives to maintain;
requires sensory mechanism, response system, & control centre - 20Drive TheoryPhysiological disruptions to homeostasis = drive production;
"pushes" organism into action - 21IncentivesStimuli that "pulls" organism toward goal
- 22Expectancy x Value TheoryMotivation = Expectancy x Incentive value;
Behaviour determined by:
1) strength of expectation that behaviour = goal ; and 2) incentive value that person places on goal - 23Psychodynamic PerspectiveUnconscious motives affect behaviour;
Frued emphasized sexual & aggressive motives
- Many theorists criticized, however, contributed to self-esteem & social belonging - 24Humanistic PerspectiveAs needs are met = progress to full potential
- 25What needs must be fulfilled first before going forward?Deficiency Needs
- 26What needs come second before self-actualization?Growth Needs
- 27What are Deficiency needs?Foundation of need hierarchy
- 28Order of Need Hierarchy ( Bottom to Top)1. Physiological Needs
2. Safety Needs
3. Belongingness & Love
4. Esteem Needs
5. Cognitive Needs
6. Aesthetic Needs
7. Self-Actualization (GOAL) - 29Achievement Goal TheoryFocuses on the manner in which success is defined both by the individual and within the achievement situation itself
- 30Mastery Orientation'intrinsic motivation' - desire to master tasks and learn from it
- 31Performance OrientationDesire to be judged favourably compared to others; with little effort to be done as possible
- 32Approach-Approach ConfictDeciding between two attractive goals ; when one goal is approached, desirability increases and dominates
Ex. Pizza vs. Hamburger - 33Avoidance-Avoidance ConflictTwo goals - both which are negative
Ex. Person that does not life veggies - must choose between Broccoli or Beans - 34Approach-Avoidance ConflictBeing repelled & attracted by same goal;
most difficult to solve
Ex. I love candy but do not want a cavity - 35Defensive AvoidanceProcrastination and avoidance of decision
Ex. Studying - 36Delay DisocuntingConsequences are in future; further away in time = greater decrease in value
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- Psychology Fichas sobre Emotions & Motivation, creado por Elena Oliva el 09/12/2019.
- Creado por
- Elena Oliva
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