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development

megan trent Inglés 58 fichas

development

Fichas del conjunto (58)

  1. 1what does development mean?process of change that improves the well being of a society in terms of STANDARD OF LIVING and QUALITY OF LIFE.
  2. 2what is STANDARD OF LIVING?a way we CAN MEASURE someones life (money, accommodation, education)
  3. 3what is QUALITY OF LIFE?a way we CANNOT MEASURE someones life (personal opinion)
  4. 4what is the BRANDT LINE (north/south divide)?a line that divides the rich north and the poor south.
  5. 5why is the Brandt line out of date?doesn't show how quickly a country is developing - new methods can show this.
    (India, China, brazil)
    - 5 fold method is better    why is the Brandt line out of date?
  6. 6What is a LEDC?Less economically developed country (Gambia)
  7. 7What is an MEDC?More economically developed country
    (UK)
  8. 8What is a NIC?A newly industrialising country
    (Brazil, India, China)
  9. 9people per doctoraverage number of people per doctor
  10. 10infant mortality ratethe number of babies who die before their 1st birthday per 1000 live birth per year
  11. 11gross national product (GNP)the money a country produces on goods and services
  12. 12life expectancythe average age a person is expected to live to
  13. 13human development index (HDI)this measure includes life expectancy , education and income.
  14. 14birth ratenumber of births per year per 1000 people
  15. 15gross national income (GNI) per capitapeople's average income
  16. 16Death ratenumber of deaths per year per 1000
  17. 17access to safe waterpercentage of people with access to safe water
  18. 18literacy ratepercentage of adults who read and right
  19. 19trade balancecountries change in value of exports and imports - when the countries exports exceed its imports the trade balance is favourable
  20. 20trade surplusthe amount by which the costs of EXPORTS EXCEED THE COST OF IMPORTS
  21. 21trade deficitthe amount by which the cost of IMPORTS EXCEED THE COST OF EXPORTS
  22. 22exportssale of goods and services
  23. 23importspurchase of goods and services
  24. 24tradeexchange of goods and services
  25. 25trading groupsstructure managing purchases of affiliates, which may be retailers wholesalers.
    (study of products)
    (search for suppliers)
    (negotiation of purchases)
  26. 26fair tradewhen producers in DEVELOPING countries get paid more, but the products are more expensive for people in DEVELOPED countries to buy.
  27. 27recipienta person/country that receives or is awarded something
  28. 28world trade organisationinternational organisation in Geneva that MONITORS AND ENFORCES rules governing global trade
  29. 29quotasA fixed share that must be given or received or done.
  30. 30highly indebted poor countriesgroup of 38 DEVELOPING countries that are POORER than other countries and are eligible for special assistance from the INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND and WORLD BANK
  31. 31Aidhelp by a donor
  32. 32LONG-TERM aidaid given after a few months of a disaster happening (money)
  33. 33SHORT-TERM aidaid given straight after a disaster
    (water, food)
  34. 34Tied aidwhen DEVELOPED countries give aid to a DEVELOPING country but the aid must be spent in products from the developed country
  35. 35top-down aid projectaid which is performed by one person (unilateral)
  36. 36bottom-up aid projectscommunity level aid and addressing local needs (multilateral)
  37. 37donora person who donates something, especially money
  38. 38tariffsa list of fixed prices
  39. 39transnational co-operationslarge business with interests in many countries
  40. 40non-governmental organisationcorporations that are independent from any form of government but are legal
  41. 41why is using only ONE development indicator misleading?- A country could develop in that area extremely differently from other areas
    - OR the country could be generally poor but the wealthy people are extremely wealthy so it sways results of HDI and GNI
    - certain indicators are misleading (data not collected well)
  42. 42what are 'FORMER COMMUNIST COUNTRIES?'countries that aren't poor but aren't rich - in the MIDDLE they are developing but not as much as NIC (Bulgaria)
  43. 43what are 'OIL EXPORTING COUNTRIES'?countries that are have a high HDI and are quite wealthy but the wealth belongs to a few people (Saudi Arabia)
  44. 44what does 'GLOBAL INEQUALITIES' mean?when the level of development in different countries is UNEQUAL
  45. 455 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS that decide development?- POOR CLIMATE - less food to eat/sell
    - NATURAL HAZARDS - high rebuild costs
    - POOR FARMLAND - no food to eat/sell
    - FEW RAW MATERIALS - cant sell or use
    - LOW WATER SUPPLY - no food to eat/sell
  46. 463 main POLITICAL FACTORS that slow development?- UNSTABLE GOVERNMENT - wont invest
    - CORRUPT GOVERNMENT - bend laws
    - WAR - money is spent on equipmet
  47. 473 ECONOMIC factors that affect development?- BAD TRADE LINKS - less deals (tariffs/quotas)
    - HIGH DEBT - money is used to pay debt
    - PRIMARY PRODUCTS - little money gained
  48. 483 SOCIAL factors that affect development?- DRINKING WATER - disease > cant work
    - INEQUALITY OF WOMEN - less workers
    - GOOD EDUCATION - more workers (future) > more pay > less taxes
  49. 49how to reduce global inequalities?- TRADING GROUPS - (groups of countries that trade between themselves)
    - FAIR TRADE - (more expensive products so primary producers get more pay)
    - AID - (give money/services to a country)
    - CONSERVATION SWAPS + DROP DEBT
  50. 50ADVANTAGES and DISADVANTAGES of trading groups+ No tax or fixed tariffs
    + Building relationships
    - Tax from countries not in your group
    - quotas are put into place
  51. 51FAIR TRADE - what is 'minimum price'?the lowest possible price that a fair trade product can be sold forFAIR TRADE - what is 'minimum price'?
  52. 52ADVANTAGES and DISADVANTAGES of fairtrade products+ Raw producer gets more money for goods
    - more expensive to buy
    - some of the money paid goes to transports and not all to primary producers
  53. 53ADVANTAGES and DISADVANTAGES of aid+ emergency aid can SAVE LIVES
    + can develop sanitation = better SOL
    + industrial aid can create JOBS
    - recieving country pressured to pay debt
    - may help employers more than employees
    - sometimes doesn't help small farmers
  54. 54what are 'CONSERVATION SWAPS' and 'DROP THE DEBT'?- CONSERVATION SWAPS - allowing some of the debt to be paid back by a method of conserving something in the recieving country
    - DROP THE DEBT - cancelling debt that is unpayable for a poorer country
  55. 55what is SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT?meeting the needs of the future without compromising the needs of the present
  56. 56Why is there inequality in the EU?- Due to a east/west divide (eastern european countries were communist and this LIMITED ECONOMIC GROWTH)
    - Early INDUSTRIALISATION means some countries are ahead of others in INDUSTRY. (primary, secondary, tertiary)
    - Early EU members have better trade links
  57. 571. how to SOLVE inequality in the EU? (CAP)- CAP (Common agricultural policy) gives money to EU farmers to produce excess crops for the rest of the EU.
    - HOWEVER many farmers overproduced AND they were unable to understand complex EU funding (poor education)
  58. 582. how to SOLVE inequality in the EU? (structural funds)- money is given to a region with a GDP per capita of LESS THAN 75%.
    (this can help certain regions catch up to other regions' economic level)

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Descripción
GCSE Geography Flashcards on development gap flash cards - geography, created by Vishal Kapila on 18/11/2015.
Creado por
megan trent
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  • Creado por Vishal Kapila · 18 nov 2015
  • Copiado por megan trent · 11 ago 2016
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