Protocols

Protocols

1. An agreed method of doing something

   • There are many protocols(such as Ethernet or TCP/IP being just a few of them) which are usually developed with a specific need in mind.
     • Email protocol
       • Email protocols consist of POP3 and SMTP. Email stands for electronic mail. Allows you to send formatted text and images to someone else with an email address.
         • Each email has a "mailbox" with an unique address into which messages can be sent ready for the recipient to collect and read. You can also attach files into an email, like a word document or a spreadsheet. Without email, many businesses wouldn't be able to operate.
           • VOIP
             • VOIP is a set of protocols that enables people to have voice conversations over the Internet.
               • POP3
                 • Used to recieve the email. Most email clients allow for transfers up to 10MB
                   • FTP
                     • FTP is used to transfer large files. It is often used for organizing files on a web server for a website. You can have private access to an area on a FTP server where you can upload your files. You can then give another user access to download the documents that you have shared.
                       • HTTP
                         • Transfers web pages from web servers to the client. All web pages start with HTTP.
                           • HTTPS
                             • Secure version of HTTP. When you use HTTPS, any data you send or receive from the web server is encrypted. For example, when banking online HTTPS is used to keep your account details safe.
                               • IP
                                 • The IP Address is the unique address given to a computer running on the TCP/IP address. It allows one computer to communicate with another by sending data packets containing the destination IP address.
                                   • An IP address example is 198.162.001.002
                                     • An IP address is given through your service providers (Virgin,BT, Sky etc). This is only for a temporary time to connect to the internet. Once they log off, the IP is available for someone else to use.
                                       • WI-FI
                                         • Wi-Fi is a communication technology that makes use of radio waves in order to connect to a local area network (LAN).
                                           • It is widely used to connect to the internet for a laptop or smartphone.
                                             • The WI-FI alliance is a group of 300 companies that make sure all "WI-FI" enabled devices are compatable with one another.
                                               • All laptops have built in WI-FI with a Network Interface Card(NIC) that helps you connect and have access to the internet.
                                                 • Ethernet
                                                   • Ethernet is a computer network protocol. In this network, all networked computers are connected by a wire or channel( the channel is often a type of radio link called "Wi-Fi").
                                                     • Can handle collisions called "collision handling".
                                                       • The protocol senses a collision and tells the computer will try again and the data usually is able to pass through it.
                                                         • If the network is busy, it will be concerned about the data collisions.
                                                           • It "slices and dices" through data to create data packets on the network for the data to pass through easier.