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1. used for acute or chronic

2. ONLY used for PAIN

3. 2 frequency's used

   • 2) Opiate Mediated
     • Low freq.
     • 2-5 Hz, 200 m/s, LONG pulse width
     • Long term relief, release B endorphin & triggers opiate release in spinal cord
   • 1) Pain Gate Control
     • High freq.
     • 100 Hz, 200 m/s, SHORT pulse width
     • Short term relief, "shutting the gate" b/c you don't want the dog to leave the garden

4. CAN'T GO DEEPER

5. BURST

   • Freq: 100 Hz
   • Wavelength: 200 m/s
   • on/off bursts of ^ settings @ 2-5 Hz
   • Not quick onset, not as long lasting
     • GOOD: not as fast, not as long, symptomatic
     • BAD: Not fast, not as long.

6. Relief of pain, reduction of swelling

7. Used for acute or chronic

8. PAIN

   • Freq ^80 Hz

9. Swelling/Inflammation

   • Freq below 20 Hz
   • swelling reduction is partly facilitated by muscular contractions caused by lower freq. modulation (1-3 Hz)

10. For deeper penetration?

    • Move electrodes further apart
    • use bigger electrodes

11. Beat Frequency: # of beats/second

    • = to the difference in the freq. of 2 interacting tones/oscillations (AMF)
      • AMF: Amplitude Modulated Freq