FOUNDATIONS

FOUNDATIONS

1. Definition:

   • Foundation of a structure, supports the weight of the structure and the applied loads. Includes: ✓ The soil or rock upon which the structure rests ✓ As well as the structural system designed to transmit building loads to the supporting soil or rock. . Foundation forms part of the sub-structure: part located below the surrounding ground surface.

2. Foundation Failure:

   • refers to collapse or excessive settlement of a building’s support structure resulting from soil movement or consolidation rather than from failure of the foundation structure itself.

3. Types of foundation systems:

   • Spread Footings:
     • ✓ Simplest, most common type of building foundation
       • Usually consists of a square or rectangular reinforced concrete pad that serves to distribute loads over an area large enough so that the resulting pressure on the supporting soil does not exceed the soil’s allowable bearing strength
         • Include: ❖ Individual footings ▪ Isolated (single) footings – supports a single column ▪ Wall footings – supports a wall
           • Combined footings ▪ Support a wall and 1 or more or several columns
   • Piles:
   • Piers:

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