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1. Alloys

   • Most metals are alloys.
   • An alloy uses the best properties of each metal
   • Examples
     • Brass - Copper and Zinc, low friction, corrosion resistant, malleable. Used for locks, bearings, musical instruments, plumbing parts.
     • Bronze - Copper and Tin and different types have other elements added. Very hard, casts very well. Used for bearings, springs, sculptures.
     • Casting Alloy - Aluminium, copper and silicon. Looks like aluminium, casts well. Used for engine parts.

2. Non-Ferrous Metal

   • Usually have good corrosion resistance, but they do tarnish.
   • They are non-magnetic
   • Examples
     • Aluminium - lighter than steel, but not as strong. Used for drinks cans, food packaging, cooking pans, bike frames.
     • Copper - excellent conductor of heat and electricity. Used for electrical wiring, water pipes
     • Tin - Relatively soft and malleable. Excellent corrosion resistance to water. Used to coat steel containers to make ‘tins’ for food.

3. Properties

   • Strength - ability to withstand a force
   • Ductility - ability to be stretched without breaking
   • Malleability - ability to easily pressed, spread and hammered into shape
   • Hardness - resistance to scratching, cutting and wear
   • Toughness ability not to break, when hit

4. Ferrous Metal

   • All types contain some carbon.
   • They are the most commonly used metals
   • They have very high melting points, 1600°C or higher
   • Most are silver-grey in colour
   • Most will rust or corrode and most are magnetic.