separating substances

separating substances

1. Filtration

   • separates liquid and insoluble solid
   • equipment
     • filtration paper
     • beaker
     • funnel

2. Evaporation

   • evaporation happens at any temp, boiling speeds it up
   • removes liquid
   • separates 2 dissolved substances
   • separates a soluble solid

3. Chromatography

   • used to separate 2 or more substances that are dissolvable in the same substance
   • use pencil for the line
   • the more soluble, the bigger the distance it travels
   • equipment
     • chromatography paper
     • pencil
     • beaker
     • solvent

4. Distillation

   • separates 2 liquids with different boiling points
   • equipment
     • round bottomed glass
     • thermometre
     • cork
     • liebig condenser
     • beaker
   • the distillate (end product) has the lowest boiling point
   • evaporates then condenses liquid with lowest temp to separate