Fundamental Ideas

Fundamental Ideas

1. The structure of an atom

   • Protons
     • Charge of +1
     • Mass of 1
   • Neutrons
     • Mass of 1
     • Charge is neutral (0)
   • Electrons
     • Charge of -1
     • Mass of 1/2000 (basically 0)

2. Electron shells

   • 2,8,8
   • Groups in the periodic table
     • group number = number of electrons in outer shell
     • Nobel gases = group 0 and have full outer shells

3. Atomic mass and atomic number

   • Top number is atomic/proton number
     • This is how many proton are in the element
       • Also the number of electrons
   • Bottom number is the atomic mass
     • The number of protons and electrons in the element
   • The number of neutrons in an element can be determined by finding the difference between the atomic mass and number of protons

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