Networks

Networks

1. DEFINITION

   • A group of computer systems connected together allowing them to exchange data/resources.
   • Workstations
     • The device that is used by the user and which receives and transfers information/data through a network.

2. Hub

   • Allows data to be transmitted from one computer to all others in the network.
     • Causes unnecessary network traffic.

3. Switch

   • Similar to a hub.
   • Directs data only to the specific recipient.
     • Greatly reduces network traffic.

4. Router

   • Formats data into a form required by the network.
     • Conforms to the network protocols (rules).
   • Connects individual computers to a network service provider.

5. Network Interface Card

   • Provides the computer with a connection to the network.

6. Wireless Access Point

   • Allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network.
   • Converts received data through cables into a wireless signal.

7. Network Classifications

   • LAN
     • Stands for 'Local Area Network'.
       • A network located within one site such as a building.
   • WAN
     • Stands for 'Wide Area Network'.
       • A network that covers a large geographical area.
         • These can connect several LANs together.

8. Network Types

   • Client-Server
     • When the user of one computer makes a request to another
       • Provides/manages information/data requested to the user and other machines of the network.
     • Disadvantages
       • If the server goes down so does the whole network.
       • Server can be slow if too many use at a time.
     • Advantages
       • All data can be backed up centrally.
       • Better security as it is managed centrally.
   • Peer-to-Peer
     • Each computer in a network having the ability to store/transfer files.
     • Disadvantages
       • Files cannot be centrally backed.
       • Security is up to each user and so less effective.
     • Advantages
       • No dependency on a server.
       • Easier and less expensive to set up.