Periodic Table

Periodic Table

1. Groups (columns)

   • alkali metals
     • alkaline earths
       • halogens
   • noble gases

2. Blocks (s, p, d, f)

   • Transition metals
     • Lanthanides
       • Actinides

3. Periods (rows)

4. Electronic configuration

   • The electron configuration of an atom is the representation of the arrangement of electrons distributed among the orbital shells and subshells

5. Valence Electrons

   • The electrons in the outermost shell are the valence electrons--the electrons on an atom that can be gained or lost in a chemical reaction
     • Atoms can combine to achieve an octet of valence electrons by sharing electrons