Introduction to Immunology

Introduction to Immunology

1. Types

   • Basophils
     • Reacts to inflammation (allergic reaction)
     • Makes up 0.4% to 1.4% of white blood cells
     • Condition that increase basophil count: asthma, chronic dermatitis, hypothyroidism
   • Neutrophil
     • first responders to puncture of skin and formation of cancer cells
     • Makes up to 40% to 75% of white blood cells
     • Major component in pus (Causing yellowish colour)
     • High count of this cells indicate body are fighting serious infection
   • Eosinophil
     • A.k.a Acidophiles and specialized in killing multinucleated parasites (worms)
     • Produced and matured in bone marrow
     • Makes up 1% to 6% of white blood cells
   • Monocyte
     • A.k.a leukocytes, fights cancerous cells and remove dead or damaged body tissues
     • makes up 1% to 10% of white blood cells
     • High count indicates: chronic infections, auto immune disorder, tuberculosis, parasitic and virus infection
   • Lymphocyte
     • Natural killer (NK) cells, that belongs innate immune respones
     • Thymus (T) cells and Bone marrow derived (B) cells are included in adaptive immune response.

2. Components

   • Cardiovascular system: Heart and blood vessels
   • Mononuclear phagocyte system: Network of reticular fibres and phagocytes
   • Lymphatic System

3. Third Line

   • Adaptive Immune response

4. innate Immune response: Non specific, components preformed, magnitude of response same first and second encounters, no memory

   • First Line of Defence
   • Second line defence
     • Internal Physiological barriers
       • Four Component: Fever, inflammation, Phagocytosis and antimicrobial proteins

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