Atoms, Elements and compounds

Atoms, Elements and compounds

1. Structure of atom

   • Particles atoms made of
     • Proton
     • Neutron
     • Electron
     • Since they make up the atom, protons, neutrons and electrons are often called sub-atomic particles.
   • Atoms are the smallest particles of matter, that we cannot break down further by chemical means.

2. Atomic number, mass number, relative atomic mass

   • Relative atomic mass number
     • The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus is the mass number.
   • Mass number
     • The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called its nucleon number.
   • Atomic number
     • The number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number or proton number.

3. Element

   • element is a substance that is made of only one kind of atom

4. molecule

   • The atoms of some elements join together in molecules. Molecules are made up of two or more atoms. Molecules can be formed by two atoms of the same element, or by atoms from two or more different elements.

5. Compound

   • When two or more elements react in a chemical reaction, the atoms do not just mix together, they become joined to one another to make compounds.

6. mixture

   • a combination of different things in which the component elements are individually distinct

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