Chapter 15

Chapter 15

1. Communication is the obtaining of information or the giving of information.

2. For communication to happen there needs to be a sender, receiver, message and a medium.

3. Horizontal internal communication is within teams of workers at the same level like manager to manager.

4. Vertical horizontal communication is between manager and worker or people on different levels.

5. External communication could be between businesses or a representative of a business and a stakeholder.

6. Communication should be clear and accurate. Business need to be aware of the image and tone of their communications too.

7. Formal communication is that which takes place through official channels such as manager to worker.

8. Informal communication is that which takes place in a channel that is not official like gossip.

9. Confidential information should only be seen by those who need to know.

10. Non-confidential information can be seen by anyone.

11. Speaking face to face, over the telephone or through instant messaging are ways of communicating quickly with someone if a matter was urgent.

12. If communication is good workers could be motivated to work well towards the goals of the company they work for. (If they are well informed).

13. Oral communication is quick and immediate but is not ideal for long complicated messages. Examples include: Face to face and over the phone.

14. Visual communication describes video conferencing and means that people don't have to be in the same location but means the equipment used to do it may be expensive. It also covers electronic notice boards which can give employees information quickly, messages need to be short and set up cost needs to be considered.

15. Written communication can cover from electronic to paper based.E.g. emails are immediate and low cost/free. But no email system is 100% safe. Other forms of it could be financial documents, reports, letters, and advertisments. These can be reread and studied closely.

16. Graphical communication includes graphs or charts, drawings and images that usually come with some sort of written communication. Their purpose is normally to make something complex more easily understood. E.g. Graphs/charts can be used to make it easier to understand the relationships between numerical data.

17. Barriers to communication: They can prevent effective communication taking place. For example, external noise can make oral communication attempts pointless. Poor signal can prevent oral communications occurring over telephone. Another is that if a message is made too complex then the person receiving it may ignore it or misunderstand it.

18. Different types of communication can be used at the same time such as in presentations.