Polymers - 3.3.12

Polymers - 3.3.12

1. Condensation polymers

   • Polyesters
     • Type 1: Terylene
       • Reaction with benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid and ethane -1,2-diol to form 1 repeating unit of terylene and 2 molecules of water
     • A condensation reaction between a dicarboxylic acid and an alcohol forming a ester link
       • Ester link->
   • Polyamides
     • A condensation reaction between a dicarboxylic acid and diamine forming a amide link
     • Type 1: Kevlar
       • reaction with benzene-1,4-dioc acid and Benzene 1,4 diamine, to produce repeating unit of kevlar and 2 molecules of water
     • Amide link>
     • Type 2: Nylon
       • Reaction with hexanedioc acid and 1,6 diaminohexane to produce repeating unit of nylon with 2 molecules of water
   • 2 or more molecules that react to form 1 molecule and water by condensation reaction.

2. Intermolecular forces

   • Polyamides and Polyesters have strong hydrogen bonding due to the attraction between hyrdogens and the lone pair on the Nitrogen or the oxygen molecule

3. Methods to eliminate polymers

   • Landfill
     • Adv: Cheap and Easy
     • Disadv: Decomposition causes methane gas
   • Burning
     • Adv: Gets rid of it
     • Disadv: Fossil fuels produced, CO2 gas and HCL from PVC
   • Recycle
     • Adv: Saves raw material, less CO2 produces
     • DIsadv: Expensive than landfill, plastic can be contaminated

4. Biodegradability

   • Polyamides and polyesters can be hydrolysed due to them being suceptible to nucleophilic attack and containing polar bonds
   • Polyalkanes cannot be hydrolysed since they contain no polar bonds

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