Nausea & Vomiting

Nausea & Vomiting

1. interprofessional care

   • Dietician
   • PCP

2. Pathophysiology

   • nausea
     • unpleasant sensation in the upper stomach with involuntary urge to vomit
       • usually accompainied by anorexia
       • "feeling" before vomitting
       • may or may not vomit
   • vomiting
     • forceful expulsion of stomach contents from the GI tract out of the mouth and sometime the nose

3. clinical maifestations

   • nausea
     • subjective "feeling"
       • anorexia
         • not feeling like eating and not eating
   • Vomiting
     • dehydration
       • electrolytes lost
       • water lost
       • decreased palsma volume
         • circulatory failure
     • metabolic alkalosis
       • most common
     • metabolic acidosis
       • less common
     • pain
     • dry mouth
     • rapid pulse
     • lightheadedness
       • faintness
     • fatigue
     • sweating

4. nursing diagnosis

   • risk for aspiration
   • imparied nutrition
     • less than body requirements
   • risk for deficient fluid volume
   • acute pain

5. Nursing interventions

   • administer prescribed medications
     • monitor effectiveness of meds and side effects
   • assessment
     • V/S
     • labs
       • chem panel
     • s/s dehydration
   • eductae patient
     • home care
       • medications
       • how to prevent episodes
       • maintain fluids and nutritional intake
   • nutrition therapy
     • fluids between meals
       • warm tea
     • eat slowly
       • small amounts
     • bland foods
       • high carb, low fat:easier to digest
         • backed potatoes
         • cereal
         • gelatin
     • Avoid foods that increase nausea
       • coffee, spicy, acidic, odorous,
   • environment
     • quiet
     • odor free
   • change position slowly
   • relaxation & distraction techniques
   • provide good oral hygeine

6. diagnostic studies

   • H&P
     • when it occurs
       • triggers
       • contents of vomit
       • time of day
   • labs
     • chem panel