Mapa mental

U2-3 Types of Bilinguals

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Mind map: types of bilinguals

Contenido del mapa

Simultaneous
- 2 lang. B4 1
- until ~ 3
- Informal learning
  - at home
- concurrent development
- unequal exposure
- unequal comprehension
Sequential L2
- learn 1 --> 2
  - ~4
- early informal
- L2 direct instruction
- L1 vocab. different than L2
- Unequal comprehension
Older L2 Learners
- learn informally / directly
- lang. skills influence L2
- Cognitive skills influence L2
- affect influence L2
4 subgroups
- simultaneous
  - majority
  - minority
- sequential
  - majority
    - lang. used / valued
      - prestige lang.
      - high SES
      - government uses
      - bilingualism choice
  - minority
    - lang. not used / valued
      - used by monority
      - stigmatized lang.
      - association
        immigrants
        low SES
      - no govern. use
      - bilingualism need
- different SEC = different outcome
Indogenous
- community use / not govern.
  - sicilian
- diglossia
  - 2 lang. coexist
Exogenous
- no speech community
- official use only
  - french / africa
Additive Bilingual
- L2 acquired w/o hurting L1
  - cognitive / linguistic advantage
- majority lang. environment
Subtractive Bilingual
- L2 acquistion hurts L1
  - L2 replaces L1
  - cognitive / linguistic disadvantage
- Often minority lang. environment
- bad parental advise
  - no evidence