Test
The Crusader States and the Second Crusade, 1119 - 1149
Preguntas del test (84)
1What dispute over this place in Outremer continued to deprive the Crusader states of Byzantine support. It was also the focus of the greatest Muslim threat.
- ATripoli
- BJerusalem
- CAntioch
- DEdessa
2What Northern Syrian city threatened Antioch. And it also ruled by Ridwan, Il- Ghazi and then Balak.
- ADamascus
- BLatakia
- CTartus
- DAleppo
3What massive Muslim victory by Il- Ghazi in 1119 was a huge setback to Antioch. And the King of Jerusalem Baldwin II was forced to intervene.
- AThe Field of Blood
- BThe Battle of Inab
- CThe Second Battle of Ramlah
- DThe Battle of Harran
4Who was the ruler from 1119-1130 increased the stability of Jerusalem by making laws and ensuring secure succession.
- APons
- BBaldwin II
- CRaymond II
- DJosecelin I
5What port city was conquered in 1124 with the aid of Venice, reducing the power of the Fatimid fleets.
- ALatakia
- BAcre
- CTyre
- DJablah
6What were vital in providing naval support that allowed the conquest of the Levantine coast.
- AFatimids
- BMilitary Orders
- CSeljuk Turks
- DItalian City States
7What organisation which included the Hospitallers and Templars. They played an increasing military role but were of early use of generating financial aid.
- AMilitary Orders
- BSeljuk Empire
- CThe Assassins
- D'Syrians'
8Which group of Shia Muslims invaded repeatedly (at the Battles of Ramlah) but were driven back. Their navy posed the biggest threat. The continued division between them and the Turks was helpful to the Franks.
- ASultanate of Rum
- BFatimids
- CDanishmends
- DAbbasids
9What renegade group of fanatical Shia Muslims inadvertently aided the Franks by killing many prominent Sunni Muslims such as Bursq in 1126.
- AFatimids
- BSeljuk Turks
- CAssassins
- DAbbasids
10What council established many of the laws of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Many concerned the interaction of Muslims and Franks.
- AClermont
- BPiacenza
- CAcre
- DNablus
11What was established in 1119 by Hugh de Payens (Count of Jaffa) to protect Christian pilgrims, especially on the road from Jaffa to Jerusalem.
- AAssassins
- BKnights Templar
- CItalian City States
- DKnights Hospitaller
12What were established in 1113 from a pre-Crusades organisation dedicated to healing sick pilgrims. Which later developed a military aspect.
- AKnights Templar
- BItalian City States
- CMilitary Orders
- DKnights Hospitaller
13Who was the ruler of Damascus from 1104 to 1128, he opposed the crusader states until 1115 and then allied with Jerusalem against the forces of the Sultan.
- ABalak
- BBursq
- CTughtegin
- DZengi
14At which battle did Roger of Antioch defeat Bursq's invading Seljuk army, sent by the sultan in 1115. Roger had forged a temporary alliance with Tughtegin and Il- Ghazi.
- ABattle of Inab
- BTell Danith
- CBattle of Harran
- D1st Battle of Ramlah
15Who was the Turkish Artuqid ruler of Mardin from 1107 and Aleppo from 1117 who allied with Muslims but also with Franks. In 1115 he allied with Roger of Antioch against Bursq but in 1119 he defeated him at the Field of Blood.
- ATughtegin
- BBalak
- CIl- Ghazi
- DZengi
16Who was the Aleppan Sunni preacher who inspired Muslim troops before Il-Ghazi's victory at the Field of Blood in 1119. In 1125 the assassins killed him.
- AIbn al - Khashshab
- BNur ad-Din
- CRudolph
- DBernard of Clairveux
17What was a major source of income for the crusader states, it was important for both religious and economic reasons that they were protected.
- AMuslims
- B'Syrians'
- CPilgrims
- DJacobites
18When were a large group of 300 Christian pilgrims massacred by Muslims at this time, contributing to the Templars' foundation.
- AChristmas 1110
- BJanuary 1120
- CEaster 1119
- DSpring Equinox 1131
19A force of 100 knights led by this ruler of this French county, Fulk, arrived in Outremer to fight Muslims for one year in 1120.
- AAnjou
- BAquitaine
- CArdennes
- DGard
20Who was the ruler of Hamadhan in Iran that the sultan had ordered to reconquer Syria and Palestine in 1115, he was resisted by Turks and Franks alike.
- ABalak
- BAl- Afdal
- CZengi
- DBursq
21Who was the ruler of Aleppo from 1122, he captured Baldwin II but was killed in 1124 fighting his own followers before he could relieve Tyre from the Franks.
- ATugtegin
- BIl- Ghazi
- CBalak
- DNur ad - Din
22Who was the highly capable vizier of Fatimid Egypt, and was murdered in 1121 the Assassins were held responsible.
- AAl - Afdal
- BBursq
- CMawdud of Mousl
- DZengi
23 Which crusade was diverted in Anatolia by a failed attempt to rescue Bohemond and a unified host of Turks led by Kilij Arslan largely destroyed it at Mersivan.
- A1124 Crusade
- BWendish Crusade
- C1101 Crusade
- DNorwegian Crusade
24Pope Calixtus launched this crusade in response to the Field of Blood, it was largely dominated by the Venetians and assisted the capture of Tyre in 1124.
- A1101 Crusade
- BNorwegian Crusade
- C1120-24 Crusade
- DWendish Crusade
25Who was the constable of the Kingdom of Jerusalem until 1123, he played a major role in running it during Baldwin II absence.
- ABernard of Valence
- BJohn the Oxite
- CJohn II
- DEustace Grenier
26What Frankish force led by Eustace Grenier crushed a Fatimid army from Egypt at this place between Ascalon and Jaffa in 1123.
- AAzaz
- BYibneh
- CTurks
- DArmenians
27Where was the site of a major victory for Baldwin II in 1125 against the forces of Bursq and Tughtegin of Damascus.
- AAzaz
- BRugia
- CArzghan
- DBeaufort
28Which Christians were situated in the county of Tripoli and the northernmost parts of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, they eventually came to accept communion with Rome.
- AJacobites
- BSyrians
- CArmenians
- DMaronites
29Which group were numerous in the states of Antioch and Edessa, they had their own church liturgy but forged good relations with the Franks.
- AJacobites
- BGreeks
- CArmenians
- DSyrians
30Who were followers of the Syrian Othodox Church who had broken away from Constantinople in the 5th century, and their relations with the Franks were relatively amicable.
- AArmenians
- BJacobites
- CMaronites
- DSyrians
31What Arabic speaking Greek Orthodox Church were the largest of the indigenous Christians. They were in communion with Constantinople and saw the Byzantine emperor as their protector.
- AJacobites
- BSyrians
- CArmenians
- DGreeks
32Who was the King of Jerusalem between 1131- 1143, he built many castles and defended Outremer but there were tensions between his Angevin followers and the Frankish barons of the kingdom.
- ABaldwin I
- BHugh of Le Puisset
- CFulk
- DBaldwin III
33The eldest daughter of Baldwin II and wife of Fulk. She ruled jointly with her husband but fell out with him in the early 1130's. She was regent after Fulk's death for their young son Badwin III.
- AAlice
- BMelisendre
- CJudith
- DHenrietta
34Who was the count of Jaffa and favourite of Melisendre, it was rumoured they were having an affair. In 1134 he led a rebellion and was exiled, Fulk allegedly arranged a failed assassination attempt and this incident caused much tension.
- ARaymond II
- BJosecelin I
- CHugh of Le Puisset
- DBohemond II
35Who was Bohemond's son, and took control of Antioch in 1126 he married Alice and had a daughter Constance. He then died in battle in 1130.
- AFulk
- BBaldwin II
- CRaymond II
- DBohemond II
36Who was the governor that Fulk imposed upon Antioch following the death of Bohemond II to restore order and to undermine Alice.
- ARainald Mazoir
- BHugh de le Puisset
- CEustace Grenier
- DRaymond of Poitiers
37Where was one of the bases from which Pons of Tripoli unsuccessfully attacked Fulk in 1132.
- ARugia
- BBeaufort
- CArzghan
- DKerak
38Who was the count of Tripoli (1112-1137) he allied with Baldwin II against Il-Ghazi in 1119, he also helped besiege Tyre in 1124 during Baldwin's captivity.
- ARaymond of Toulouse
- BBaldwin I
- CPons
- DHugh of le Puisset
39Who was the Count of Tripoli (1137-1152), he established the hospitallers as a force in his county in the 1130's.
- ARaymond II
- BPons
- CHugh of le Puisset
- DBaldwin III
40What was a major castle which was given to the Hospitallers by Raymond II of Tripoli in 1142.
- AKerak
- BBeth Gibelin
- CBeaufort
- DKrak des Chevaliers
41Which castle was built during the reign of Fulk in Oultrejordain to control the trade routes from Damascus to Egypt and Mecca.
- AKrak des Chevaliers
- BBeth Gibelin
- CKerak
- DBeaufort
42Which castle built in 1135 to ensure control over the ports Caesarea and Jaffa. It was granted to the Hospitallers in 1136.
- AKerak
- BBeth Gibelin
- CBeaufort
- DKrak des Chevaliers
43This area was captured by Fulk in 1139 and this castle was built quickly to secure control of Sidon in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
- ABeth Gibelin
- BKerak
- CBeaufort
- DKrak des Chevaliers
44Who was the latin patriarch of Antioch between 1100 and 1135, he had replaced Greek John the Oxite and his presence was a major insult to the Byzantines.
- ABernard of Clairveux
- BAlexios I
- CBernard of Valence
- DPeter the Hermit
45Who was the second daughter of Baldwin II, after her husbands death Bohemond II she attempted to rule Antioch as regent for their daughter but there was resistance to this.
- AMelisendre
- BAlice
- CHoiderna
- DIoveta
46In what place was Fulk defeated in battle by Zengi in 1137. The Frankish castle was lost to Zengi.
- AVitry
- BBa'rin
- CVezelay
- DTripoli
47Who was the Byzantine emperor and son of Alexius I, he had reasserted Byzantine authority over Antioch and fought against the Turks in Northern Syria.
- AManuel I
- BJohn II
- CAdronikos I
- DAlexius II
48What Muslim city in 1138 did John II siege unsuccessfully because of lack of support from Raymond II of Antioch and Josecelin II of Edessa.
- AHama
- BHoms
- CShaizar
- DAleppo
49John II intended to create a principality including these as well as Shaizar and Aleppo to trade for control of Antioch.
- ADamascus
- BLatakieh
- CAcre
- DHama & Homs
50What group of Turks became involved with Josecelin II which distracted him from the defence of Edessa in the early 1140's.
- ASeljuk sultanate of Rum
- BDanishmends
- CArtquids
- DFatimids
51Which prince and ruler of Antioch from 1136 - 1149 failed to support the count of Edessa.
- ARaymond II
- BBohemond II
- CRaymond of Poitiers
- DJosecelin I
52Who was the atabeg of Mousl and Aleppo who increasingly threatened to dominate Northern Syria, he fought against Damascus and captured Edessa in December 1144.
- ANur ad-Din
- BTughtegin
- CBalak
- DZengi
53Which city was usually a Muslim ally of Jerusalem as a consequence of a fear of Zengi.
- AAleppo
- BDamascus
- CMardin
- DMousl
54What city was a potential target for the second crusade. It was held by the Fatimids and was the only coastal city still in Muslim hands.
- AMousl
- BAleppo
- CAscalon
- DDamascus
55This was the capital of the first established crusader state, it was isolated and heavily exposed to Turkish attack.
- ATripoli
- BAntioch
- CEdessa
- DJerusalem
56Who was the count of Edessa who lost the city to Zengi, he was absent at the time (December 1144).
- AJosecelin II
- BRaymond of Poitiers
- CPons
- DBaldwin II
57One major issue of contention between Josecelin II of Edessa and Raymond of Antioch, was that Josecelin II refused to accept Raymond as his feudal superior.
- AFeudal & Social Obligation
- BOverlordship
- CRivalry
- DFinancial
58What was the favourite residence of the Count of Edessa, it was a long way from the city and made fast intervention difficult.
- AJerusalem
- BAntioch
- CTripoli
- DTurbessel
59Who was the King of Jerusalem from 1143, he was only a child and this hampered attempts to intervene and relieve Edessa in 1144.
- ABaldwin II
- BFulk
- CBaldwin III
- DJosecelin II
60What was the papal bull of Eugenius III that launched the second crusade on the 1st December 1145.
- AOmne Datum Optimum
- BMilitia Dei
- CAd exstirpanda
- DQuantum praedecessores
61Who was the King of France, he had already intended to go to Jerusalem on a pilgrimage after his brothers death.
- APhilip I
- BLouis VII
- CPhilip II
- DRobert II
62This is the site where a church was burned down by Louis VII, the crusade was partly a penance for this.
- AVezelay
- BParis
- CVitry
- DToulouse
63Who was a famous and charismatic monk, he was sent on a 7 month tour to whip up support for the second crusade.
- ABernard of Valence
- BBernard of Clairveux
- CPeter the Hermit
- DBishop Adhemar
64What was the term used by Bernard of Clairveux to refer to those he wished to undertake the second crusade.
- ALucky Generation
- BThe Holy ones
- CThe idiots
- DRather you than me
65Who was the French monk who was preaching anti-Semitism. Bernard's preaching was partly to counter this.
- ARudolph
- BRadulf
- CRobert
- DRichard
66Who was the King of Germany, who was inspired by Bernard of Clairveux's preaching and took the cross at Aachen in 1146.
- AConrad III
- BFrederick II
- COtto IV
- DHenry II
67What is the name of the place where Louis VII took the cross on 31st March 1146.
- AOrleans
- BVezelay
- CAvignon
- DDIJon
68Who was Louis VII's wife who went on the second crusade, her alleged affair with her uncle Raymond of Antioch had an impact on the second crusade.
- ABertha of Holland
- BAdélaide de Maurienne
- CEleanor of Aquitaine
- DAdèle of Champagne
69What was the campaign by Germans against Pagans in the Baltic called, it distracted attention from the main crusade.
- ANorwegian Crusade
- B1101 Crusade
- C1120-24 Crusade
- DWendish Crusade
70Where did some crusading end up it was redirected against Muslims in this place as well as Almeria in Iberia.
- ASpain
- BFrance
- CPortugal
- DItaly
71Who was the pope who called for the second crusade in his bull, Quantum Praedecessores.
- ALucius II
- BInnocent II
- CHonorius II
- DEugenius III
72Who was the Byzantine emperor who was blamed for the crusaders for the campaigns failure due to his limited support.
- AManuel I
- BAlexios II
- CJohn II
- DAndronikos I
73Who was the King of Sicily, as his threats against Byzantium had forced Manuel into an alliance with the Seljuk of Rum.
- ARoger III
- BFrederick I
- CCharles I
- DRoger II
74Who was the sultan of Rum that Manuel I made a 12 year truce with and did not want to offend him.
- AKutalmish
- BSuleiman ibn Qutulmish
- CKilij Arslan I
- DMasud I
75Where was the site of a major defeat of the German army after Conrad III insisted on the overland route against Byzantine advice.
- ARamlah
- BInab
- CDorylaeum
- DManzikert
76What city in Anatolia from which Louis VII sailed to Antioch abandoning his army in the process.
- AAnakara
- BElazig
- CAttalia
- DKadesh
77The second crusaders accused the Byzantines of attacking their forces here on their journey to Constantinople before crossing Anatolia.
- AFaulklands
- BBalkans
- CMadagascar
- DCicilia
78The second crusaders accused these of luring them into Turkish ambushes during the crossing of Anatolia.
- ANormans
- BFatimids
- CMuslims
- DByzantine scouts
79The chaplain of Louis VII who wrote a hostile account of the second crusade blaming the Byzantines for its failure.
- ABishop Adhemar
- BOdo of Deuil
- CBernard of Valence
- DJohn the Oxite
80The city of a large council where it was decided to attack Damascus instead of the city of Ascalon.
- ANabulas
- BClermont
- CPiacenza
- DAcre
81Who was the son of Zengi, he came to rescue Damascus and this forced the crusaders to withdraw after only 5 days of besieging the city.
- ABalak
- BBursq
- CTughtegin
- DNur ad - Din
82The conquest of this city in Portugal by English crusaders was the greatest success of the crusade.
- ASines
- BLisbon
- CPorto
- DAlmado
83Prince Raymond of Antioch and his forces were massacred at this battle against Nur ad-Din in 1149, this massively weakened Antioch.
- AHarran
- BInab
- CRamlah
- DField of Blood
84The grand master of the templars between 1147 - 1151, he accompanied Louis VII on the second crusade and restored order to the march across Anatolia.
- AHuge de Payens
- BRaymond II
- CEverard des Barres
- DJosecelin I
Información
- Descripción
- AS - Level History Test sobre The Crusader States and the Second Crusade, 1119 - 1149 , creado por Erin Mason el 21/12/2015.
- Autor
- Erin Mason
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 213
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test