Development of the CNS and Related Birth Defects (CF9)

Question 1

The three vesicle stage occurs at the 3rd week of gestation. The five vesicle stage occurs at the 5th week of gestation

Accepted Answer

first false second true

Answer

both true

Answer

first true second false

Answer

both false

Question 2

The Prechodal plate produces FGF to regulate midline structure development of the brain and face. The Anterior Neural Ridge produces SHH to regulate development of the telencephalon.

Accepted Answer

Both statements false

Answer

Both statements true

Answer

First true, second false

Answer

First false, second true

Question 3

The prechodal plate is derived from?

Accepted Answer

Mesoderm

Answer

Ectoderm

Answer

Endoderm

Answer

Dermis

Question 4

The isthmus is between the forebrain and midbrain and regulates their development. It produces both FGF and WNT.

Accepted Answer

First false, second true

Answer

Both statements true

Answer

First true, second false

Answer

Both false

Question 5

Some neurons from the corpus striatum gives rise to part of the cerebral cortex. Most of the cerebral cortex comes from the pallium.

Accepted Answer

Both statements true

Answer

First true, second false

Answer

First false, second true

Answer

Both false

Question 6

Which of the following is a vertebral fusion defect where both the neural tissue and meninges protrude?

Accepted Answer

meningomyelocele

Answer

spina bifida occulta

Answer

meningocele

Answer

myeloschisis

Answer

Arnold-Chiari malformation

Question 7

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

Anencephaly- open brain

Answer

Spina Bifida occulta: the bony defect is covered by skin, intact spinal cord

Answer

Spina Bifida Cystica: there is a protrusion of meninges and neural tissue (meningomyelocele)

Answer

Meningocele: only the meninges protrude

Answer

Craniorachischisis: neural tube defect at the brain and spinal cord

Question 8

In normal development, the spinal cord elongates faster than the vertebral column. In Spina Bifida Cystica, as the vertebral column elongates, the force stretches the spinal cord which causes the herniation of the cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

First false, second true

Answer

Both statements true

Answer

First true, second false

Answer

Both false

Question 9

The bone most frequently affected by neural tube defects is the occipital bone. Small defects can cause meningoencephalocele.

Accepted Answer

First true, second false

Answer

Both true

Answer

First false, second true

Answer

Both false

Question 10

Meningoencephalocele is protrusion of just the brain tissue and meninges. Meningohydroencephalocele involves protrusion of the meninges, brain tissue and ventricle.

Accepted Answer

Both statements true

Answer

First true, second false

Answer

First false, second true

Answer

Both statements false

Question 11

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

Alobar HPE- one telencephalic vesicle, one eye, one nasal chamber, other midline defects

Answer

Lobar HPE- one telencephalic vesicle, one eye, one nasal chamber, other midline defects

Answer

Smith-Lemli-Opitz involves EMX 2, is autosomal recessive, assorted defects of face, heart, brain, limbs

Answer

Schizencephaly- involves DHCR 7, causes large clefts in cerebral hemispheres

Answer

Microcephaly- caused by smaller cranial vault leading to less brain development

Question 12

Hydrocephaly is often due to a blockage in the lateral and third ventricles. The accumulated fluid leads to thinner bones of skull and cerebral cortex and an enlarged head.

Accepted Answer

First false, second true

Answer

Both statements true

Answer

First true, second false

Answer

Both false.

Development of the CNS and Related Birth Defects (CF9)

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