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- 1Types of Signals used by cells to communicate:>Chemical (Most Common)
>Mechanical (Such as touch or pressure)
>Electromagnetic (Such as light) - 2Cells use signals to tell other cells:>Stay Alive and Function
>Self-destruct
>Undergo cell division for growth or repair
>Differentiate into a particular cell type
>Eliminate a pathogen
>Active a gene and produce the protein
>Silence a gene
>Produce an enzyme or a structural protein. - 3Molecules that act as chemical signals:>Amino Acids
>Peptides
>Poly-peptides
>Proteins
>Steroids - 4Different molecule functional groups:>Animal hormones
>Plant hormones
>Neurotransmitters of nerve cells
>Anti-bodies of immune cells
>Cytokines and pheromone - 5Three components of cellular communication:>Reception of a Signal
>Transduction of the Signal
>Cellular Response to the Signal - 6(Signal) Long distance travel to target cells>Long distance from their cell of release to their target cells receptors.
>Mostly uses bloodstream - 7(Signal) Travel to Nearby cells>Short distance from their cell of release to their target cells receptors.
>Diffuses through the interstitial fluid around cells - 8(Signal) Sending and Receiving a Signal from the same cell>Cells can release chemical signals that can be received by it's own receptors.
- 9(Signal) Direct Cell to Cell Contact>Move directly from one cell to another when they make direct contact.
- 10Direct Cell to Cell Contact (Gap Junctions)>Occurs between adjacent cells in animal tissue
- 11Direct Cell to Cell Contact (Plasmodesma)>Occurs between adjacent cells in plants
- 12Signal Reception>Reception of a signalling molecule from a cell's external environment through the cell's receptors.
- 13Cell-Surface Receptors>Receptors located on the plasma membrane of a cell
>Used by polar and hydrophoilic signalling molecules as they cannot pass through a cell's plasma membrane.
>Either trans-membrane proteins or part of a complex linking the exterior and interior of the cell. - 14Signal-Binding Domain>The region that is exposed to the external environment of the cell.
- 15Intracellular Receptors>Receptors located in the nucleus of a cell
>Used by hydrophobic and non-polar molecules as they can easily pass through a cell's plasma membrane. - 16—
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- Year 12 Biology Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por Anneke Ernst el 22/05/2019.
- Creado por
- Anneke Ernst · may 2019
- Actualizado
- 22 may 2019
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