Fichas
Computing - OCR - GCSE - Key Terms
Fichas del conjunto (55)
- 1AlgorithmA process to be followed in problem-solving, usually by computers.
- 2AssemblerA computer program which translates assembly language to an object file or machine language format.
- 3BandwidthThe frequency that a particular signal is transmitted at.
- 4Bespoke SoftwareSoftware that is specifically developed for a specific organisation/user.
- 5CPUCentral Processing Unit - Most processes take place here - the brains of a computer.
- 6Cache MemoryAn auxiliary memory from which high-speed retrieval is possible.
- 7Client-ServerA computer system in which a central server provides data to a number of networked workstations.
- 8ClockspeedThe number of calculations a CPU can do per second.
- 9CompilerA computer program which translates source code in a programming language into another computer language.
- 10CompressionThe same amount of data transmitted by using a smaller number of bits.
- 11Compression of ImagesMinimizing the size in bytes of a graphics file without degrading the quality of the image.
- 12DNS ServerDomain Name System - converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses. (When a URL is typed in, it returns an IP address)
- 13Data Handling SoftwareAn application which allows the effective storage of data and records in a logical way - The front end of a database.
- 14Fail OverA procedure by which a system automatically switches to another of the same when it detects a failure.
- 15Fetch Execute CycleThe process by which a computer retrieves a program instruction from its memory.
- 16Flash MemoryAn electric, non-volatile computer storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
- 17Flat File DatabaseA database with a single table.
- 18HTTPSSafe websites that are protected against eavesdropping and attacks.
- 19High Level CodeProgramming languages that are closer to human languages.
- 20IP AddressA unique string of numbers separated by full stops that identifies each computer.
- 21Internal StorageThe computer's internal hard drive - Primary storage device.
- 22InterpreterA program that can analyse and execute a separate program line by line.
- 23LANLocal Area Network - Connects devices in a relatively small area.
- 24Loss-lessWithout loss of information.
- 25LossyWhere unnecessary information is discarded.
- 26MAC AddressA unique identifier assigned to network interfaces.
- 27Machine CodeA programming language consisting of binary or hexidecimal instructions.
- 28Magnetic StorageStorage which uses different patterns of magnetisation to store the data.
- 29Off-the-shelf softwareSoftware that is ready-made and available for sale to the general public.
- 30OpcodeA portion of a machine language that specifies the operation to be performed.
- 31OperandAny object that is capable of being manipulated in a computer program.
- 32Operating SystemSystem software that manages computer hardware and computer software.
- 33Peer to PeerWhen two or more devices are connected and share resources without going through a separate server computer.
- 34RAMRandom access memory - Volatile storage (lost when power is lost).
- 35ROMRead-only memory - Non-volatile storage. Takes a long time to be modified or not at all.
- 36Relational DatabaseA database with multiple tables.
- 37Removable StorageStorage that is not permanently in the device.
- 38SamplingThe converting of an analogue sound signal into a digital file containing binary numbers.
- 39Solid State DriveStorage that uses circuits as memory to store data persistently.
- 40Standard ways of codingEfficient programming.
- 41TranslatorA computer program that performs the translation of a program written in one programming language to another.
- 42Utility SoftwareSoftware designed to help analyse, configure, optimise, or maintain a computer.
- 43Virtual MemoryMemory that allows a computer to compensate for shortages of physical memory.
- 44HackingThe practice of breaking into secure computer systems.
- 45VirusA program designed to cause damage to a computer.
- 46SpywareA program that runs in a computer system to gather information and pass it on to interested parties.
- 47FirewallUsed to prevent unauthorised requests from hackers to gain access to the network of computer systems via the Internet.
- 48CapacityHow much data can be stored in a storage device.
- 49SpeedHow quickly data can be read/written.
- 50PortabilityHow easily the device can be moved.
- 51DurabilityHow well the device withstands stress.
- 52ReliabilityHow dependable the device is.
- 53OpticalBinary data stored in patterns/dots on a surface. LIGHT hits a dent and reflects differently, allowing the drive to detect differences and read data.
Written by a laser 'burning' dents into the surface. CD, DVD, etc. - 54MagneticParts of storage surface magnetised or demagnetised to display data, read/write heads read whether on or off by detecting magnetism.
Hard disk, tape, etc. - 55Solid-stateNon-mechanical - no moving parts. Circuits with complex logic gates to retain and change data.
Solid state drive, USB, etc.
Información
- Descripción
- GCSE Computing Fichas sobre Computing - OCR - GCSE - Key Terms, creado por Josh Anderson el 29/02/2016.
- Creado por
- Josh Anderson
- Visitas
- 316
- Etiquetas
- Valoración