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Flashcards

Computing - OCR - GCSE - Key Terms

Josh Anderson Computing GCSE English 4.0Average rating 4.0 out of 5 (5 ratings) 55 cards

Cards in this deck (55)

  1. 1AlgorithmA process to be followed in problem-solving, usually by computers.
  2. 2AssemblerA computer program which translates assembly language to an object file or machine language format.
  3. 3BandwidthThe frequency that a particular signal is transmitted at.
  4. 4Bespoke SoftwareSoftware that is specifically developed for a specific organisation/user.
  5. 5CPUCentral Processing Unit - Most processes take place here - the brains of a computer.
  6. 6Cache MemoryAn auxiliary memory from which high-speed retrieval is possible.
  7. 7Client-ServerA computer system in which a central server provides data to a number of networked workstations.
  8. 8ClockspeedThe number of calculations a CPU can do per second.
  9. 9CompilerA computer program which translates source code in a programming language into another computer language.
  10. 10CompressionThe same amount of data transmitted by using a smaller number of bits.
  11. 11Compression of ImagesMinimizing the size in bytes of a graphics file without degrading the quality of the image.
  12. 12DNS ServerDomain Name System - converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses. (When a URL is typed in, it returns an IP address)
  13. 13Data Handling SoftwareAn application which allows the effective storage of data and records in a logical way - The front end of a database.
  14. 14Fail OverA procedure by which a system automatically switches to another of the same when it detects a failure.
  15. 15Fetch Execute CycleThe process by which a computer retrieves a program instruction from its memory.
  16. 16Flash MemoryAn electric, non-volatile computer storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
  17. 17Flat File DatabaseA database with a single table.
  18. 18HTTPSSafe websites that are protected against eavesdropping and attacks.
  19. 19High Level CodeProgramming languages that are closer to human languages.
  20. 20IP AddressA unique string of numbers separated by full stops that identifies each computer.
  21. 21Internal StorageThe computer's internal hard drive - Primary storage device.
  22. 22InterpreterA program that can analyse and execute a separate program line by line.
  23. 23LANLocal Area Network - Connects devices in a relatively small area.
  24. 24Loss-lessWithout loss of information.
  25. 25LossyWhere unnecessary information is discarded.
  26. 26MAC AddressA unique identifier assigned to network interfaces.
  27. 27Machine CodeA programming language consisting of binary or hexidecimal instructions.
  28. 28Magnetic StorageStorage which uses different patterns of magnetisation to store the data.
  29. 29Off-the-shelf softwareSoftware that is ready-made and available for sale to the general public.
  30. 30OpcodeA portion of a machine language that specifies the operation to be performed.
  31. 31OperandAny object that is capable of being manipulated in a computer program.
  32. 32Operating SystemSystem software that manages computer hardware and computer software.
  33. 33Peer to PeerWhen two or more devices are connected and share resources without going through a separate server computer.
  34. 34RAMRandom access memory - Volatile storage (lost when power is lost).
  35. 35ROMRead-only memory - Non-volatile storage. Takes a long time to be modified or not at all.
  36. 36Relational DatabaseA database with multiple tables.
  37. 37Removable StorageStorage that is not permanently in the device.
  38. 38SamplingThe converting of an analogue sound signal into a digital file containing binary numbers.
  39. 39Solid State DriveStorage that uses circuits as memory to store data persistently.
  40. 40Standard ways of codingEfficient programming.
  41. 41TranslatorA computer program that performs the translation of a program written in one programming language to another.
  42. 42Utility SoftwareSoftware designed to help analyse, configure, optimise, or maintain a computer.
  43. 43Virtual MemoryMemory that allows a computer to compensate for shortages of physical memory.
  44. 44HackingThe practice of breaking into secure computer systems.
  45. 45VirusA program designed to cause damage to a computer.
  46. 46SpywareA program that runs in a computer system to gather information and pass it on to interested parties.
  47. 47FirewallUsed to prevent unauthorised requests from hackers to gain access to the network of computer systems via the Internet.
  48. 48CapacityHow much data can be stored in a storage device.
  49. 49SpeedHow quickly data can be read/written.
  50. 50PortabilityHow easily the device can be moved.
  51. 51DurabilityHow well the device withstands stress.
  52. 52ReliabilityHow dependable the device is.
  53. 53OpticalBinary data stored in patterns/dots on a surface. LIGHT hits a dent and reflects differently, allowing the drive to detect differences and read data.
    Written by a laser 'burning' dents into the surface. CD, DVD, etc.
  54. 54MagneticParts of storage surface magnetised or demagnetised to display data, read/write heads read whether on or off by detecting magnetism.
    Hard disk, tape, etc.
  55. 55Solid-stateNon-mechanical - no moving parts. Circuits with complex logic gates to retain and change data.
    Solid state drive, USB, etc.

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Description
GCSE Computing Flashcards on Computing - OCR - GCSE - Key Terms, created by Josh Anderson on 29/02/2016.
Created by
Josh Anderson
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Average rating 4.0 out of 5 (5 ratings)

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