Fichas
Ap Human Geo Unit 1 (chapters 1-3)
Fichas del conjunto (84)
- 1Agricultural Densitythe ratio of the # of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
- 2Arithmetic densitythe total number of people divided by the total land area
- 3Base Linean East-west line designated under the Land ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States
- 4Cartographythe science of making maps
- 5Concentrationthe spread of something over a given area
- 6ConnectionsRelationships among people and objects across the barrier of space
- 7Contagious DifusionThe rapid, widespread difusión of a feature or trend throughout a population
- 8Cultural ecologyGeographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships
- 9Cultural LandscapeFashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group
- 10CultureThe body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people's distinct tradition
- 11Densitythe frequency with which something exists within a given unit of land
- 12DiffusionThe process of spread of a feature or from one pace to another over time
- 13Distance DecayThe diminishing importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin
- 14Distributionthe arrangement of something across Earth's surface
- 15Environmental Determinisma 19th century/ early 20th century (1800s& early 1900s) approach to the study of geography. It argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how the physical environment CAUSED human activities
- 16Expansion diffusionThe spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing effect
- 17Formal Region (or Uniform or Homogenous region)inactive characteristics An area in which everyone shares in 1 or more dis
- 18Functional (or nodal) Regionan area organized around a node or focal point
Example: Radio station in Iowa crossed into Nebraska - 19GIS (Geographic Information System)a computer system that stores organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data
- 20Global Positioning System GISa system that determines the precise location of something on earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations and receivers.
- 21GlobalizationActions or proceses that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope
- 22Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)the time in that time zone encompassing the prime meridian
- 23Hearththe region from which innovative ideas originate
- 24hierarchical diffusionHearth.. node .. node ... surrounding area
'The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places - 25International Date LineAn arc that (for the most part) follows 180degree latitude (though it deviates in certain areas to avoid dividing land areas) cross headed east (toward Americas) clock moves BACK 24hr/1 day
cross headed West (toward Asia) clock moved FORWARD 24hr/ 1 day - 26Land ordinance of 1785a law that divided much of the U.S into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers
- 27Latitude"Fatitude" - Megan
numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on the globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator - 28longitudethe numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on the globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (PM= 0 degrees )
- 29Mapa 2D/ flat representation of earth's surface or a portion of it
- 30Mental Mapan internal Representation of a portion of the earth's surface based on what an individual knows about the place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located
- 31Meridianan arc drawn on the map between the North and south poles
- 32Parellela circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians
- 33Patternthe geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area
- 34Physiological Densitythe number of people per unit of are of arable land (land suitable for agriculture)
- 35Placea specific point on earth distinguished by a particular character
- 36PolderLand created by the Dutch by draining water from an area
- 37Possibilismthe theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternative
- 38Prime MeridianThe meridian designated as the 0 degree longitude, which passes through the royal observatory
- 39Principle Meridiana north-south in designated in the land ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States
- 40ProjectionThe system used to transfer locations from earth's surface to a flat map (has different problems on each bc earth is not flat)
- 41Regionan area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features
- 42Regional (or cultural landscape) Studiesan approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships between among social and physical phenomenon in a particular study area
- 43Relocation Diffusionthe spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another
- 44Remote sensingThe acquisition of data about earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or the long distance methods
- 45Resourcea substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access and is socially acceptable to use
- 46ScaleGenrally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface
- 47SectionA square, normally 1 mile on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided townships in the U.S into 36 sections
- 48SiteThe physical character roof a place
- 49Situationthe location of a pace relative to other places
ex. situation of Singapore
-strait of Malacca .. trade
- near big mf countries/ cities
-re-exportation - 50SpaceThe physical gap or interval between two objects
- 51Space-Time CompressionThe reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation services
- 52Stimulus DiffusionThe spread of an underlying principle, even though specific characteristic is rejected
(ex. apple computer... to desktop... to laptop.. to macbook air) - 53ToponymThe name given to a portion of Earth's surface
- 54TownshipA square (normally 6 miles on a side). The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the U.S into series of townships
- 55Transnational Corporationa company that conducts research, operates factories and sells products in many countries , not just where headquarters or shareholders are located
- 56Uneven Developmentthe increasing gap In economic ($) conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy.
- 57Vernacular (or perceptual) Regionan area that people believe exist as part of their cultural identity
- 58Demography/ Demographicsthe study of population characteristics
- 59Overpopulationa situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
- 60Ecumethe portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement
- 61Crude Birth Rate (CBR)the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society
- 62Crude Death Rate (CDR)the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society
- 63Natural Increase Rate (NIR)The percentage of growth of s population in a year, computed as the CBR-CDR
- 64Total Fertility RateThe average number of children a women will bear during her childbearing years
- 65Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year of age for ever 1,000 live births in a society
- 66Life ExpectancyThe average number of years an individual can be expected to live given current social, economic and medical conditions . Life Expectancy at birth is the average number of years a new born infant can expect to live
- 67Carrying Capacitythe largest number of people that the environment of a particular area can support
- 68Doubling time/ law of 70the number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of Natural Increase
- 69Thomas Malthus theoryDef: British Demographer that suggested that a massive plague or epidemic would "Check the population"
thought that while population increased geometrically, food production would only increase arithmetically ("The Cycle of Misery")
[for more info check crash course notes] - 70Ester Boserup TheoryThe larger the world population grows , the more innovations are made to make feeding the expanding polite possible
- 71Pro-NatalistAn attitude or policy that encourages child-bearing
- 72Anti-NatalistConcerned with limiting population growth
- 73Epidemiologic Transition(why people die at at the DTM stages)
distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition model. - 74Demographic TransitionThe process of change in a society's population from a condition of high CBR and CDR and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low birth and death rates, low rates of natural increases, and higher total population
- 75Zero population growtha decline of the TFR to a point where NIR equals zero (NIR about 2.1)
- 76Population Pyramidsa bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex
- 77Dependency RatioThe number of people under age 15 and over 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force
- 78Censusa complete enumeration of a population
- 79PandemicDisease that occurs over a wide geographic are and affects a very high portion of the population
- 80Agricultural Revolutionthe development of farming
- from hunting/gathering to domestication of plants/animals - 81Epidemiologythe branch of medical science that is concerned with identifying , fighting, and preventing disease
- 82Industrial Revolutiona series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
- 83Medical RevolutionMedical technology invented in Europe and North america that is diffused to the poorer countries (LDCs) improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled people to live longer and healthier lives
- 84Sex RatioThe number of males per 100 females in a population
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- Fichas sobre Ap Human Geo Unit 1 (chapters 1-3), creado por poppyseedemma el 20/04/2016.
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