10240905
Description
Flashcards by Alicia Suzanne, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alicia Suzanne
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| infertile | fails after 12 months of trying to conceive (also known as infecund). |
| fecundity | capacity to bear children |
| Chances of fertility decrease after __ years old | 35 |
| __% of pregancies are lost within 20 weeks of pregnancy | 9% |
| subfertile | reduced level of fertility |
| How long does puberty last? | 3-5 years |
| immature ova | primordial follicles, potential eggs that form during puberty (0nly half remain) |
| What secretes hormones for a woman's menstrual cycle? | hypothalamus and pituitary gland |
| what happens in the follicular phase? | hormones signal the release of a matured ovum (ovulation occurs after the peak of hormones) |
| luteal phase of menstural cycle | begins after ovulation; releases progesterone; corpus luetum is formed which halts the production of estrogen and GnRH, so the ovum isn't fertilized or released |
| GnRH signals the release of __ and __ | FSH and LH |
| FSH and LH trigger | the production of testosterone by the testes |
| Testosterone is an __ | androgen |
| androgen | stimulate the maturation of sperm |
| How long does it take for sperm to mature? | 70-80 days |
| Where are sperm stored? | epididymis |
| Semen | mixture of fluids and sperm |
| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease | infection from an STD causes infections |
| __ decreases fertility for women. | undernutrition |
| fat cells produce __ | leptin |
| Leptin increases can cause __ and __ in women (infetility). | anovulatory cycles and amenorrhea |
| When men are obese, which hormones do they secrete more of (2)? | estrogen and leptin |
| hypothalamic amenorrhea | weight related |
| Free radicals attack __ in sperm, reducing their capacity to bond with an egg. | polyunsaturated fats |
| __ plays an important role in sperm maturation, oxidative stress reduction, and testosterone synthesis. | zinc |
| Can soy hurt fertility in men and women? | Yes, isoflavones reduce hormone production |
| Lack of ovulation can be related to __ intake (mineral) | iron |
| Why do men in battery factories have reduced sperm count? | exposure to lead |
| periconceptional period | time around conception |
| DNA methylation | gene modification of an embryo (>1 month). |
| 50% of neural tube defects are caused by __ deficiency | folic acid |
| MTHFR gene variant | responsible for the production of cirulatory folate |
| allele | a variant of the same gene |
| Folic acid intake is lowest in __ | latin American women communities |
| iron works with vitamin __ | C |
| rda for iron | 18 mg |
| Vitamin A Cap off for women? | 10,000 IU |
| Which contraceotives should you take if you do not want to gain weight? | combination hormonal |
| Children up to __ can participate in WIC | 5 |
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