Flashcards
Posterior Mediastinum
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1boundaries of posterior mediastinummediastinal pleura
pericardium
t5-t12 vertebra - 2contents of posterior mediastinumdescending aorta
oesophagus
thoracic duct
mediastinal lymph nodes
azygos venous sytem
sympathetic trunks - 3start and end point of thoracic aortafrom t4/5 to aortic hiatus (T12) between the crura and behind the median arcuate ligament
- 4where does the thoracic aorta lieleft of the vertebral bodies but moves to midline in lower thorax
- 5how many posterior intercostal arteries are there?9 pairs
become the 3rd - 11th intercostal arteries - 6where do the first 2 pairs of intercostal arteries arise from?a branch of the subclavian artery
- 7where do the subcostal arteries lie?inferior to the 12th rib
and supply the posterior abdominal wall - 8what do the oesophageal arteries supply?middle third of oesophagus
- 9name the other batches of the thoracic aortabronchial arteries (2)
pericardial branches
mediastinal branches
superior phrenic artery - 10where does oesophagus start and stop?in the midline as the continuation of the pharynx at C6, inferior border of the cricoid cartilage ends at stomach
- 11where does the oesophagus pierce the diaphragm?T10
- 12name the different types of muscle in the oesophagusupper 1/3 - striated muscle as swelling is voluntary and rapid
middle 1/3 - mixed
lower 1/3 - smooth muscle - 13what stops air being sucked into the stomach during inhalation?cricopharyngeal sphincter between the pharynx and oesophagus
- 14what prevents gastric reflux?1. oesophagus passing through right crus of diaphragm, just to left of midline and an oblique entry into the stomach
2. resting tone in the smooth muscle of the oesophagus (and oblique muscle layer in the stomach)
both these add up to the (physiological) cardiac sphincter - 15neurovasuclar supply to upper third of oesophagusarterial - inferior thyroid arteries
venous - brachiocephalic veins
nerve - branches of vagus
lymph - deep cervical - 16neurovascular supply to middle third of oesophagusarterial - thoracic aorta and bronchial arteries
venous - azygos, hemizygos, accessory hemiazygos and oesophageal branches to the left gastric vein
nerve - oesophageal plexus, anterior and posterior vagal trunks
lymph - tracheobronchial nodes - 17neurovascular supply to lower oesophagusarterial - left gastric
venous - left gastric veins and therefore to portal veins
nerve - oesophageal plexus
lymph - left gastric and coeliac nodes - 18what are the 4 constrictions of the oesophagus?upper oesophageal sphincter
arch of aorta
left main bronchus
diaphragm - 19where are the posterior mediastinal nodes?behind the heart and adjacent to the oesophagus
- 20what does the azygos system drain?posterior walls of the thorax and parts of the abdomen
connects IVC and SVC - 21where does the azygos system beginlumbar and subcostal veins and/or direct branch of IVC
- 22location of azygos systempasses through the diaphragm, with the aorta and thoracic duct
lies on the vertebral column in the midline or slightly to the right - 23at what level does the azygos system drain into the SVC2nd right CC
- 24at what level does the hemiazygos join the azygoscrosses to the right at T9
- 25where does the accessory hemiazygos open into the azygos systemdescends from 4th IC space, crosses to the right at T8 to open into
azygos
hemiazygos
both
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- Anatomy (Cardiovascular system) Flashcards on Posterior Mediastinum, created by hazel wilkie on 25/10/2017.
- Created by
- hazel wilkie · Oct 2017
- Updated
- Oct 25, 2017
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