Created by Isabella N
over 6 years ago
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Question | Answer |
DNA + protein | chromatin |
Histones are ____ that interact how? | Dimer; ionic |
Histone 1’s job is...? | Stabilize the linker DNA between octomer |
Nuclease is an enzy. that does what for cell? | Digests H1 so DNA can be active for cell |
What proteins keeps looped domains looped? | Nonhistone scaffold proteins + nonscaffold protein |
During what phase is DNA released? | Interphase |
Heterochromatin is...? | Inactive DNA |
Where does association for histones happen? | N-tails |
How does an enzy. know how to change the association interaction on N-tail? | Gene dependent |
What helps nucleosomes stay tightly packed on each other? | Histone tails |
The covalent modification on serine of core histone tail. | Phosphorylation |
Both ___ + ____ rely on the _____ for protein production. | Plants, animals; nucleus |
What studds the nucleus? | Ribosomes |
What organelle is attached to the nucleus? | Rough ER |
Where is RNA made? | nucleolus |
Nuclear pores are a way of communication between the ____ + ____. | Nucleus + cytoplasm |
Nuclear pores acts as a _____ for the nucleus | Transporter |
What usually goes into the nucleus? | Proteins |
What usually leaves the nucleus? | RNA |
Where does diffusion happen? | Transporter |
The transporter will ____ incoming + outcoming molecules. | Recognize |
What molecule is used by protein to enter nucleus? | Importin |
Inside the nucleus, what happens when Importin binds to Ran-GTP? | Importin releases protein + GTP —> Importin stays on Ran-GTP —> leaves nucleus + breaks down |
What is transcription? | Cell having access to DNA for use |
For DNA to be released what needs to happen? | Modifying Histone Enzy. change the N-terminal on histones. |
How is DNA repacked after being used by cell? | By remodeling complexes. |
For the DNA to replicated/transcribed it needs to be what? | Free + loose for cellular use |
Acetylation ____ acetyl groups + Deacetylation ____ them from _-____ ____ | removes; adds; N-terminal tail |
Methylation is when an _____ that ___ methyl groups to _-___ ____ | enzyme; adds; N-terminal tail |
Methylation is to___? | Makes DNA active/ inactive for transcription |
Phosphorylases happens where and does what? | Serine on N-terminal tail; adds phosphate groups |
Where are ribosomes made? | Nucleolus |
What covalent changes does lysines undergo? | Acetylation, methylation |
This enym. either wakes up/puts away gene expression. | Histone methyltransferase |
This enzym. adds acetyl groups so chromatin is free to express its genes | histone acetyltransferase |
This enzy. adds methyl groups so genes are either asleep/awake. | Histone methylases |
These enzym.s are related to “sleeping” genes | Histone deacetylases, histone demethylases |
@ each nuclear pore. | Nuclear pore complex |
Transcription + RNA processing is done here + it needs ____. | Nucleus; proteins |
Chromosomal replication happen in _____ needs ____. | Nucleus; proteins |
How does small molecules get into nucleus? | Through nuclear pore via simple diffusion. |
Nuclear pore complex can only take in molecules of this size. | equal to less than 9nm |
How does larger molecules + proteins get into nucleus? | Active transport |
What a protein's passcode to get into nucleus? | Their nuclear localization signal (NLS) |
Who lets proteins into nucleus? | Nuclear pore complex |
Some amino sequences on protein is __, which means...? | Bipartite; (2) different amino acid sequences are distant from the other |
What amino acids are generally found in NLS (nuclear local. signal)? | Lysine + arginine (+ charged), porline |
How many nucleolus is found in eukary.s? | 1-2 |
What does nucleolus use to get their job done? | rDNA |
How is a ribosome made? | rDNA --> rRNA - ribosome! |
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