Flashcards
Cell 11/1 (Chapter 16)
Cards in this deck (50)
- 1DNA + proteinchromatin
- 2Histones are ____ that interact how?Dimer; ionic
- 3Histone 1’s job is...?Stabilize the linker DNA between octomer
- 4Nuclease is an enzy. that does what for cell?Digests H1 so DNA can be active for cell
- 5What proteins keeps looped domains looped?Nonhistone scaffold proteins + nonscaffold protein
- 6During what phase is DNA released?Interphase
- 7Heterochromatin is...?Inactive DNA
- 8Where does association for histones happen?N-tails
- 9How does an enzy. know how to change the association interaction on N-tail?Gene dependent
- 10What helps nucleosomes stay tightly packed on each other?Histone tails
- 11The covalent modification on serine of core histone tail.Phosphorylation
- 12Both ___ + ____ rely on the _____ for protein production.Plants, animals; nucleus
- 13What studds the nucleus?Ribosomes
- 14What organelle is attached to the nucleus?Rough ER
- 15Where is RNA made?nucleolus
- 16Nuclear pores are a way of communication between the ____ + ____.Nucleus + cytoplasm
- 17Nuclear pores acts as a _____ for the nucleusTransporter
- 18What usually goes into the nucleus?Proteins
- 19What usually leaves the nucleus?RNA
- 20Where does diffusion happen?Transporter
- 21The transporter will ____ incoming + outcoming molecules.Recognize
- 22What molecule is used by protein to enter nucleus?Importin
- 23Inside the nucleus, what happens when Importin binds to Ran-GTP?Importin releases protein + GTP —> Importin stays on Ran-GTP —> leaves nucleus + breaks down
- 24What is transcription?Cell having access to DNA for use
- 25For DNA to be released what needs to happen?Modifying Histone Enzy. change the N-terminal on histones.
- 26How is DNA repacked after being used by cell?By remodeling complexes.
- 27For the DNA to replicated/transcribed it needs to be what?Free + loose for cellular use
- 28Acetylation ____ acetyl groups + Deacetylation ____ them from _-____ ____removes; adds; N-terminal tail
- 29Methylation is when an _____ that ___ methyl groups to _-___ ____enzyme; adds; N-terminal tail
- 30Methylation is to___?Makes DNA active/ inactive for transcription
- 31Phosphorylases happens where and does what?Serine on N-terminal tail; adds phosphate groups
- 32Where are ribosomes made?Nucleolus
- 33What covalent changes does lysines undergo?Acetylation, methylation
- 34This enym. either wakes up/puts away gene expression.Histone methyltransferase
- 35This enzym. adds acetyl groups so chromatin is free to express its geneshistone acetyltransferase
- 36This enzy. adds methyl groups so genes are either asleep/awake.Histone methylases
- 37These enzym.s are related to “sleeping” genesHistone deacetylases, histone demethylases
- 38@ each nuclear pore.Nuclear pore complex
- 39Transcription + RNA processing is done here + it needs ____.Nucleus; proteins
- 40Chromosomal replication happen in _____ needs ____.Nucleus; proteins
- 41How does small molecules get into nucleus?Through nuclear pore via simple diffusion.
- 42Nuclear pore complex can only take in molecules of this size.equal to less than 9nm
- 43How does larger molecules + proteins get into nucleus?Active transport
- 44What a protein's passcode to get into nucleus?Their nuclear localization signal (NLS)
- 45Who lets proteins into nucleus?Nuclear pore complex
- 46Some amino sequences on protein is __, which means...?Bipartite; (2) different amino acid sequences are distant from the other
- 47What amino acids are generally found in NLS (nuclear local. signal)?Lysine + arginine (+ charged), porline
- 48How many nucleolus is found in eukary.s?1-2
- 49What does nucleolus use to get their job done?rDNA
- 50How is a ribosome made?rDNA --> rRNA - ribosome!
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- Cell Biology (Second half of semester) Flashcards on Cell 11/1 (Chapter 16), created by Isabella N on 03/11/2017.
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- Isabella N
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