Flashcards
computing revision
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1Clock SpeedThe operating speed of a computer or its microprocessor, expressed in cycles per second (megahertz).
- 2Cache SizeA CPU cache is a hardware cache used by the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to reduce the average cost (time or energy) to access data from the main memory. A cache is a smaller, faster memory, closer to a processor core, which stores copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations.
- 3Number of CoresA multi-core processor is a single computing component with two or more independent actual processing units (called "cores"), which are units that read and execute program instructions.
- 4ALU (Von Neumann)An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit used to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer
- 5Embedded systemsAn embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. eg. fridge microwave phone
- 6RAM propotiesnon volatile, looses data when not saved
- 7High Level and Low LevelA compiler translates the whole program into machine code before the program is run. It can be difficult to test individual lines of compiled code compared to interpreted languages as all bugs are reported after the program has been compiled. The machine code is saved and stored separately to the high-level code.
- 8Programming MaintainenceSoftware maintenance in software engineering is the modification of a software product after delivery to correct faults, to improve performance or other attributes.[1]
A common perception of maintenance is that it merely involves fixing defects. However, one study indicated that over 80% of maintenance effort is used for non-corrective actions.[2] This perception is perpetuated by users submitting problem reports that in reality are functionality enhancements to the system - 9Different programming data typesint - integer: a whole number.
float - floating point value: ie a number with a fractional part.
double - a double-precision floating point value.
char - a single character.
void - valueless special purpose type which we will examine closely in later sections. - 10Virtual Memorymemory that appears to exist as main storage although most of it is supported by data held in secondary storage, transfer between the two being made automatically as required.(when there is not enough main memory so the secondary storage is temperately turned into main memory ram)
- 11Flash memorya kind of memory that retains data in the absence of a power supply.(example RAM in solid state secondary storage doesn't need electricity)
- 12Secondary StorageA secondary storage device refers to any volatile storage device that is internal or external to the computer. It can be any storage device beyond the primary storage that enables permanent data storage. A secondary storage device is also known as an auxiliary storage device or external storage.
- 13optical storageOptical storage is the storage of data on an optically readable medium. Data is recorded by making marks in a pattern that can be read back with the aid of light, usually a beam of laser light precisely focused on a spinning optical disc.
- 14solid state storageStands for "Solid State Drive." An SSD is a type of mass storage device similar to a hard disk drive (HDD). It supports reading and writing data and maintains stored data in a permanent state even without power. Internal SSDs connect to a computer like a hard drive, using standard IDE or SATA connections.
- 15magnetic storageMagnetic storage is the manipulation of magnetic fields on a medium in order to record audio, video or other data.Data storage is a critical component of any computer system. Magnetic storage is one of the most affordable ways to store large amounts of data and has been implemented using magnetic tape, floppy disks and hard disk drives.
- 16secondary storage propertiesLarge capacity.
Portability.
Durability.
Cost.
Non-volatility. - 17LANA local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers and other devices in a relatively small area, typically a single building or a group of buildings. Most LANs connect workstations and personal computers and enable users to access data and devices (e.g., printers and modems) anywhere on the network.
- 18WANTypically, a WAN consists of two or more local-area networks (LANs). Computers connected to a wide-area network are often connected through public networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be connected through leased lines or satellites. The largest WAN in existence is the Internet.
- 19Client serverdenoting a computer system in which a central server provides data to a number of networked workstations.
- 20peer to peerdenoting or relating to networks in which each computer can act as a server for the others, allowing shared access to files and peripherals without the need for a central server.
- 21ring networkA ring network is a network topology in which each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a single continuous pathway for signals through each node - a ring. ... Rings can be unidirectional, with all traffic travelling either clockwise or anticlockwise around the ring, or bidirectional (as in SONET/SDH).
- 22bus networkA bus network is a local area network (LAN) topology in which all the nodes are connected to a shared bus. Bus networks are the simplest way to connect multiple clients, but issues can occur when two clients want to transmit on the same bus at the same time
- 23star networkA local-area network (LAN) that uses a star topology in which all nodes are connected to a central computer. The main advantages of a star network is that one malfunctioning node doesn't affect the rest of the network, and it's easy to add and remove nodes.
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- GCSE Computing Flashcards on computing revision, created by Keaton Hurley-Williams on 13/11/2017.
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- Keaton Hurley-Williams · Nov 2017
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- Nov 27, 2017
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