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Flashcards

Geography Human Globalisation Key words

Jazz Thomson Geography AS level English 50 cards

Cards in this deck (50)

  1. 1GlobalisationGlobalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.
  2. 2CommoditiesA raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought or sold, such as copper or coffee
  3. 3InterdependenceIs the increasing reliance of companies and countries on developing and manufacturing goods
  4. 4ContainerisationTransport in a standard sized unit which can be sent by road rail or ship, requiring specialized handling equipment for freight like machine parts or manufactured electronic equipment.
  5. 5Time-space compressionIncreased pace of life and overcoming of spatial barriers, through communication and transportation technology, resulting in apparent shrinking of time to the present and globe to a single space
  6. 6Free tradeNo restrictions on trade between nations
  7. 7International Monetary FundCreated for the purpose of standardizing global financial relations and exchange rates. The IMF generally monitors the global economy, and its core goal is to economically strengthen its member countries.
  8. 8World BankInternational Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  9. 9Free marketVoluntary exchanges that take place in a given economic environment.
  10. 10Economic liberalisationIs the lessening of government regulations and restrictions in an economy in exchange for greater participation by private entities
  11. 11PrivatisationThe transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control
  12. 12Start-upsA newly established business
  13. 13Comparative advantageThe ability of an individual or group to carry out a particular economic activity (such as making a specific product) more efficiently than others
  14. 14TariffsTaxes placed by a government on imported or exported goods and services
  15. 15QuotaA quota is a government-imposed trade restriction that limits the number, or monetary value, of goods that can be imported or exported during a particular time period
  16. 16Common external tariffIntroduced when a group of countries forms a customs union. The same customs duties, import quotas, preferences or other non-tariff barriers to trade apply to all goods entering the area, regardless of which country within the area they are entering
  17. 17Foreign Direct InvestmentIs an investment in a business by an investor from another country for which the foreign investor has control over the company purchased
  18. 18Special Economic ZonesRefers to designated areas in countries with special economic regulations that differ from other areas in the same country (can lower tariffs)
  19. 19Glocalisationthe practice of conducting business according to both local and global considerations
  20. 20OffshoringThe practice of basing some of a company's processes or services overseas, so as to take advantage of lower costs
  21. 21Outsourcingfeiuo
  22. 22Transnational Corporation (TNC)Companies that operate in several countries
  23. 23Deindustralisationprocess of social and economic change caused by the removal or reduction of industrial capacity or activity in a country or region
  24. 24Derelictionabandonment e.g. lack of funding from the goverment or land gets neglected
  25. 25Push factornegative aspect or condition that motivates one to leave something e.g. a country
  26. 26Pull factorConditions that attract people to a new area
  27. 27Rural-Urban migrationis the movement of people from the countryside to the city
  28. 28Megacitya very large city, typically one with a population of over ten million people (result of rural to urban migration)
  29. 29Branda type of product manufactured by a particular company under a particular name
  30. 30Westernisationadoption of western ideas and lifestyles by other countries Language Music Art Dress Food and Technology. The spread of consumer culture
  31. 31Glocalizationthe practice of conducting business according to both local and global considerations
  32. 32cultural diffusionthe spread of the beliefs and social activities of one culture to different ethnicities, religions, nationalities,
  33. 33cultural erosionthe loss of cultural traits
  34. 34HDI (Human Development Index)statistical tool used to measure a country's overall achievement in its social and economic dimensions, made up of life expectancy, literacy rates, infant mortality and also school enrolment
  35. 35Gender equality indexis a unique tool that measures how far (or close) the EU and its Member States are from achieving a gender-equal society
  36. 36Income inequlityis the unequal distribution of household or individual income across the various participants in an economy
  37. 37Lorenz curvea graph on which the cumulative percentage of total national income (or some other variable) is plotted against the cumulative percentage of the corresponding population (ranked in increasing size of share). The extent to which the curve sags below a straight diagonal line indicates the degree of inequality of distribution.
  38. 38Gini coefficienta statistical measure of the degree of variation represented in a set of values, used especially in analysing income inequality.
  39. 39Deprivationa standard of living below that of the majority in a paticular society that involves hardships and lack of access to resourses
  40. 40Economic restructuringmoving part of manufcaturing to somewhere else
  41. 41Open bordersis a border that enables free movement of people between different jurisdictions with limited or no restrictions on movement, that is to say lacking substantive border control
  42. 42Deregulationthe removal of regulations or restrictions, especially in a particular industry
  43. 43Diasporathe dispersion or spread of any people from their original homeland
  44. 44Extremismthe holding of extreme political or religious views
  45. 45Censorshipthe suppression or prohibition of any parts of books, films, news, etc. that are considered obscene, politically unacceptable, or a threat to security
  46. 46Trade Protectionismis the economic policy of restraining trade between states
  47. 47localismpreference for one's own area or region, especially when this results in a limitation of outlook
  48. 48sustainabilityavoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance
  49. 49Fair tradetrade between companies in developed countries and producers in developing countries in which fair prices are paid to the producers
  50. 50—

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AS level Geography (Human) Flashcards on Geography Human Globalisation Key words, created by Jazz Thomson on 29/11/2017.
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Jazz Thomson
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