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Flashcards

THE ULTIMATE PAPER 1 COMPUTER SCIENCE FLASHCARDS

Beth Barnes Computing Year 10 English 33 cards

Cards in this deck (33)

  1. 1What does the Control Unit do?Decodes instructions and decides what to do with that information.
  2. 2What is the MAR and what does it do?The Memory Address Register stores the locations of data to be sent to or to be fetched from the RAM.
  3. 3What is the MDR and what does it do?Stores the data to be fetched from or about to be sent to the RAM.
  4. 4What does the Program Counter do?Stores the location of the next program to be executed.
  5. 5What does the ACC stand for and what does it do?The Accumulator stores the results of calculations previously made by the ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit).
  6. 6What is the purpose of the ALU?To execute calculations requested for the CPU.
  7. 7What is the purpose of the Cache?To store frequently used volatile data/programs so that the CPU can fetch quickly.
    CPU - lvl 1 Cache - lvl 2 Cache - Main Memory
  8. 8What is an Embedded System?A smaller system used to complete a dedicated task within a larger, more complex system.
    It is built into a larger device on a single circuit board.
  9. 9What is Virtual Memory?Virtual memory is memory created by the operating system, used when there is no space in the RAM. The Memory Manger will swap out data in the RAM for data on the hard drive. It has a slower performance due to fetch distance. It is double the RAM.
  10. 10Name factors that could improve the CPU's overall performance.Clock Speed
    RAM
    Cache
    Cores
    SSD
    HDD
    GPU
  11. 11Describe Data Capacity.The amount of data that can be stored.
    bit, nibble, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte.
    After KB, there is 1000 of the previous one.
  12. 12What is Encryption?Encoding a message so that only the sender and receiver can understand it.
  13. 13Describe Asymmetric and Symmetric encryption.Symmetric is basic encryption, in which one key (public key) encrypts and decrypts each message.
    Asymmetric is a more secure encryption. A public key is used to encrypt, a private key is used to decrypt.
  14. 14What is frequency?Frequency is the amount of waves per second. It is measured in Hertz (Hz).
  15. 15Name 4 factors affecting Network Performance.- Bandwidth (the amount of data that can be sent/received, measured in bit rate)
    - Latency (time from sending to receiving, can be improved by switches)
    - Transmission Media (a wired connection has a higher bandwidth, fibre > UTP, etc)
    - Error Rate (the amount of errors occuring, dependent on range, material, length)
  16. 16What is Hosting?A computer that can be remotely accessed using networks. Companies rent space on their servers so people can host websites. It is difficult to host due to security and maintenance.
  17. 17What is the purpose of DNS?It is used to identify IP addresses, making them easier for people to remember. When used they are converted back to IP addresses by the Domain Name Service.
  18. 18Name 3 forms of attack on a network.- Blagging (cold calling to get someone's details)
    - Shouldering (watching people enter information)
    - Phishing (Emailing and getting people to enter private details via web link.)
  19. 19What is an SQL injection?Structured Query Language is used to retrieve data on large databases. Hackers use special commands to access this private data.
    To combat this, companies use input sanitation to filter out these special commands.
  20. 20What is poor network policy?Allowing users of a network to do whatever they want to.
  21. 21Give 3 examples of good network policy.- Disaster Recovery (creating procedures for disaster, ensuring someone is responsible and restoring data.)
    - Backup policy (Where its kept, when, what, how often and who does it.)
    - Acceptable Use (maintains legality, fair use and treatment, no downloading/own devices)
  22. 22Give 5 Advantages of the Cloud.- collaboration
    - cheaper
    - backed up
    - automatic updates
    - access anywhere in the world
  23. 23Give 3 Disadvantages of the Cloud.- can't access without internet
    - trusting third party for privacy
    - trusting third party to store data
  24. 24What is a Virtual Network?A virtual network is created through software, with the same hardware as a physical network.
  25. 25Name 2 types of Virtual Network.A large LAN can be subdivided into smaller VLANs. As people can only communicate in these, it reduces network traffic.
    A VPN can be created within a WAN, which uses encryption and tunneling (packet inception) to make it more private.
  26. 26Name the 4 functions of the Operating System.- Memory Management (in charge of the RAM, it checks all requests and stores data accordingly.)
    -Process Management (priorities tasks for the CPU.)
    - Peripheral Management (controls all inputs and outputs through the use of drivers.)
    - File management (organises and controls files e.g user access)
  27. 27What is Defragmentation?Rearranges the files on a disk drive to group parts of a file together. This allows for quicker access as it only requires one trip.
  28. 28Question TextAnswer Text
  29. 29Question TextAnswer Text
  30. 30Highlight some of the Cultural issues computers have created.-Improved communication
    - Improved medical procedure and storing patient records
    - Improving education
    - Car maintenance
    - Digital Divide - 38% of non-online people are unemployed
  31. 31Name the 5 types of legislation- Data protection act (1998) - protecting people's data
    - Freedom of information act (2000) - the right to request information from public authorities
    - Copyright designs and patents act (1988) - protecting a creator's rights
    - Computer Misuse act (1990) - counteracts unauthorized access and destruction
    - Creative commons licensing - allows creators to share whilst keeping copyright
  32. 32What is the role of a computer in a Peer to Peer Network?All computers are equal. The security is controlled by all. There is direct communication. All computers must be backed up.
  33. 33What is the role of a computer in a Client-Server Network?Server - controls access to the network, manages all security and back ups
    Clients - users' computers that use servers to access programs, communication, etc

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Year 10 Computing Flashcards on THE ULTIMATE PAPER 1 COMPUTER SCIENCE FLASHCARDS, created by Beth Barnes on 06/04/2018.
Created by
Beth Barnes · Apr 2018
Updated
May 12, 2018
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