Flashcards
Social Learning - Short Answer
Cards in this deck (6)
- 1How did social learning theory come about?Behaviourism considered humans as machine-like, with personality being the combination of habits learned from experience, thus not taking into consideration our cognitive processes. Social learning theory arose from researchers such as Bandura considering the significance of these, as they allow people with similar experiences (e.g. siblings) from having the same personality.
- 2According to social learning theory, what makes up personality?Personality is explained by triadic reciprocal determination. This is where personal differences, behaviour, and environment all influence each other. This allows for people to influence and be influenced by their environment.
- 3What is symbolic thinking?This is where you make mental representations of your behaviour (sometimes potential behaviour) and their consequences, allowing you to modify your behaviour to achieve a predicted result.
- 4What is observational learning?This is where you mimic a behaviour that you see executed by someone else. This only occurs if: you are unsure of what to do; the person you're mimicking seems similar or superior to you; and the person receives a positive consequence from the behaviour.
This was investigated in a study that saw that if infants watched a model turn on a light using their forehead while his hands were bound, the infants were less likely (21%) to mimic the behaviour. Because his hands were bound, the model was dissimilar to the infants. However, if his hands were not bound and he used his forehead, the model was similar enough to the infants for most of them (69%) to mimic him. - 5Talk about self-efficacy.Self-efficacy is the degree to which you believe that you can complete a specific task. Having high self-efficacy allows a person to see obstacles as challenges and persevere, will yield a task-diagnostic focus (focusing on assessing the problem), and a belief that failure is indicative of their lack of trying.
Low self-efficacy leads a person to see obstacles as threats and give up easily, yields a self-diagnostic focus (focusing on assessing themselves as inadequate instead of focusing on the problem), and will lead them to believe that failure is the result of their inadequacy. Low self-efficacy is more likely to lead to stress and depression. - 6Talk about locus of control.Locus of control is a person's general perception of their degree of control over things. A person with an internal locus of control believes that they have the power to change things, and will use all information at their disposal to solve problems. A person with an external locus of control believes that they are at the mercy of other influences, such as deities, luck, and other people.
You develop a locus of control as a result of your own accomplishments, how you achieved your accomplishments, vicarious experience, and verbal persuasion by other people.
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- Individual Differences & Personality (Short Answer Tests) Flashcards on Social Learning - Short Answer, created by Jamie Otten on 06/05/2018.
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