Flashcards
geography
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1What are the three layers of the earth?The three layers of the earth are the crust the mantle and the core [ the core has two sections to it the inner core and the outer core]
- 2What are the three types of volcanoes?The three types of volcanoes is dormant extinct and active.
- 3Basalt rocksBasalt is an igneous rock It is grey/black in colour. Formed by lava after cooling and hardening. There is tiny crystals in the rock. Can be found in the giants causeway. Basalt is used for road chippings.
- 4Granite rocksGranite is an igneous rock. Ranges in colour black to cream and has a coursed grain texture. It is found in the Wicklow mountains. It is used for decoration such as counter tops.
- 5Sandstone rocksSandstone is a sedimentary rock. It is reddish in colour. It is formed by worn down sand in the crust. It is found in the Mac Gillycuddy reeks. Sandstone is used usually for patios and construction industry.
- 6Limestone rocksLimestone is a sedimentary rock. It is a grey rock. It is formed at the bottom of warm, shallow seas by particles of shells and fossils. Limestone is a soluble rock. It can be found in the Burren Co. Clare. It is used for construction such as making monuments.
- 7Metamorphic rocksMetamorphic rock is igneous and sedimentary rocks which change form. They change chemically or physically due to intense heat or pressure. Marble is formed by limestone put under deep heat or pressure and quartzite is formed by sandstone put under deep heat or pressure.
- 8What are the two types of weathering?The two types of weathering is mechanical weathering [freeze-thaw action] and chemical weathering [carbonation]
- 9What are surface features?Surface features are clint [ blocks that are left between the grike. A grike [ is grooves or gaps in between the pavement] and joints.
- 10What are caves and caverns?Rivers that flow underground through swallow holes, carbonation enlarges the passages through which they flow to make caves. Caverns are widened caves to create a large chamber called caverns.
- 11What is a swallow hole?Rivers dissolve limestone, a river which begins in a non-limestone area, can disappear underground. Occurs when water widens the joints of the limestone rock through carbonation.
- 12What are stalactites, stalagmites and pillars.Stalactites are hollow icicle shapes made of calcite that hang from the roof. Stalagmites are calcite from the ground in a icicle shape. A pillar is a stalagmite and a stalactite connected.
- 13Mass MovementMass movement has many forms soil creep [ slowest type], mudflow [fastest type] and landslide [ fast type] Mass movement is when loose material produced when rocks are weathered and eroded called regolith.
- 14Soil CreepSoil Creep is the movement of soil down a slope, under the influence of gravity. It is the slowest form of mass movement. As the soil moves down the slope a series of steps called Terracettes can form.
- 15Mud FlowsMud flow occurs when soil and regolith become saturated with water and move down slope like a river of mud. It is the fastest form of Mass movement. It can hit speeds of over 100klm. It occurs after heavy periods of rainfall when soil becomes saturated.
- 16LandslidesA landslide is the rapped movement of regolith down a steep slope that has become unstable. Causes of landslides include costal erosion, deforestation, earth quakes and undercutting by road building or quarrying.
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- First year Geography Flashcards on geography, created by Nicole Clinton on 21/05/2018.
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- Nicole Clinton
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- Created by Nicole Clinton · May 21, 2018
- Copied by Nicole Clinton · May 21, 2018
- Copied by Nicole Clinton · May 21, 2018
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