13987808
Description
Flashcards by Irene Binil, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Irene Binil
almost 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is unsaturated fatty acid? | Double bond between carbon atoms |
| Describe how you would test a sample of food for starch? | Add Iodine solution to the food sample. Blue/Black/Purple indicates the presence of starch |
| Biuret test to distinguish between Lactase and Lactose? | Add biuret to both solution. Lactase will give purple solution. As it is an enzyme. Lactose will remain blue. |
| Emulsion Test | Crush With ethanol Then add water Form a white emulsion |
| Difference between a triglyceride and Phospholipid. | Fatty acid removed Replaced with a phosphate group |
| Describe how glucose is absorbed from the ilium into the blood | Active transport of Na to the blood Creates conc. gradient Na & Glucose(against conc. gradient) enter by facilitated diffusion Glucose moves into the cell by facilitated diffusion |
| Competitive Inhibitor | Similar shape to the substrate Binds to the active site Fewer ES Complexes Less product |
| Non-Competitive Inhibitor | Not a similar shape Binds to allosteric site Changes shape of active site Less ES Complex Less product formed |
| Induced fit model of enzyme action | Active site not complementary Active site changes shape as the substrate binds as enzyme substrate complex forms Stressing Bonds |
| Explain why anti-bodies are only effective against a specific pathogen? | Antigens are specific shape Antibody binds to tis complementary antigen so anti-body -antigen complex forms |
| Describe the structure of protiens? | Polymer of amino acids Joined by peptide bonds Formed by condensation Primary structure is order of amino acids Secondary structure is folding of polypeptide chain due to hydrogen bonding Tertiary structure is the 3D folding due to hydrogen, ionic and dissulphide bonding Quaternary structure is two or more polypeptide chain |
| Explain how the structure of cellulose is related to its function of cell wall? | Long, unbranched chains f glucose joined by hydrogen bonds Forms microfibrils Needs to be strong to form cell walls Microfibrils provide strength, rigidity and support |
| Describe how to show reducing sugar is present in a solution? | Add equal volumes of benedict's solution Heat to 95C Red/Orange/Yellow/Green precipitate shows reducing sugar present |
| Explain why hydrogen bonds are important in cellulose? | Holds cellulose molecules together and forms microfibrils Providing strength and rigidity to cell wall Hydrogen bonds are strong as they are large in numbers |
| Describe how the student would show that a non reducing sugar was present in the solution? | Add dilute HCl to sugar solution Boil the sugar solution Add equal volumes of Benedict's solution to the sugar solution Heat to 95C Coloured Precipitate shows reducing sugar present |
| Adaption of starch molecules for their functions. | Insoluble-Does not affect the water potential/Osmotically Inactive Helical - Compact Large Molecule - Cannot leave cell, does not diffuse out of cells |
| Sucrose does not hydrolyse lactose, Explain why? | Active site of sucrase has a specific shape Lactose has a different shape so not complementary |
| Why does an enzyme only catalyse one reaction | Specific active site with a specific shape Only one substrate can bind to the active site. |
| Suggest why insulin cannot be taken orally? | It will be broken down by stomach enzymes No longer will befunctional |
| What is the effect of substrate conc. on the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction? | Increases then plateaus Plateaus when all active site occupied Maximum number of ES Complexes formed. |
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