Flashcards
Spoken Language
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1Expressional LanguageLanguage that highlights the speaker's emotions, feelings and attitudes
- 2Transactional LanguageLanguage focused on achieving an outcome. Purpose driven interactions.
- 3Phatic LanguageLangauge that has no real purpose in terms of meaning or goals, but which conveys a social function (small talk in some cases)
- 4Referential LanguageProvides information about the world, refers to objects or ideas
- 5Interactional LanguageLanguage used in a social setting to develop a relationship between two communicators
- 6Phatic tokenShort exchanges or phrases which are phatic in nature and are used to smooth conversation and indicate difference or politeness - units of small talk
- 7Deictic languageLanguage which requires contextual knowledge e.g. this, that, yesterday
- 8False startWhen a speaker, having already started on an utterance, hesitates or changes their mind about what they want to say. A false start is most common in unplanned discourse
- 9ConversationalisationThe process by which formality is dropped from a conversation, making it more conversation-like
- 10HedgingSoftening the harshness or severity of a question or statement through softening techniques such as fillers, pauses or modal auxiliaries
- 11Non-fluency featureA category of features such as false-starts and fillers caused by interruptions of the smooth delivery of spoken language
- 12RepairIn conversation analysis, when any attempt is made to repair the focus or content of the conversation, such as by self correcting or correcting another participant
- 13DigressionWhen a speaker goes off on a new topic, unrelated to the main topic
- 14Adjacency pairA sequence of two related utterances by two different speakers, such as a question and answer
- 15Turn-takingIn a conversation, the implicit rules of who speaks and when
- 16InterjectionThe action of interjecting or interposing an action or remark that interrupts, often expressing an emotion or opinion e.g. Yuck
- 17Minimal responseA reduced verbal and nonverbal response, that could be as small as just a nod of the head, also included among minimal responses are expressions like "A-ha" and "Ok"
- 18Holding the floorWhen a speaker is the dominant speaker in the conversation
- 19OverlapTo speak over someone else
- 20Topic shiftThe changes in direction that occur in conversation, often unexpectedly but sometimes clearly signalled
- 21ParalanguageComponents of speech not related to words, e.g hesitation noises, facial expression
- 22ProsodicsIntonation, volume and pitch
- 23Discourse structureConversation structure, topics and roles
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- A level English A level Flashcards on Spoken Language, created by Stephen Edmond on 04/11/2018.
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- Stephen Edmond
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