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flashcards for ict

Charlotte Scott English 124 cards

flashcards for ict

Cards in this deck (124)

  1. 1advantages of online software* updated automatically
    * can be used on different devices
    *can be used on different operating systems
  2. 2disadvantages of online software* cannot be used without internet
    * it is not always safe and there can be a lot of risks
    * if the software crashes everyone's will crash
  3. 3advantages of standalone software* it is installed onto the hard drive
    * can be used without internet
    * it runs faster than an online software
  4. 4disadvantages of standalone software* can only access standalone software from the computer it is on
    *more expensive that online software
    *have to update it yourself
  5. 5backup and restore* if you are backing up a file it is important to make sure you can restore these files if the original copy is deleted or corrupted
  6. 6advantages of collaborative working* can use it anywhere
    *doesn't cost money
    *multiple people can work on that one document at the same time
  7. 7disadvantages of collaborative working* because it can be used anywhere there will be a time difference for some of the people using it
    * you cant edit the same thing as someone at the same time
  8. 8version control* version control is important because users will know which is the most up-to-date document
    * it can be controlled can be managed by locking the file or making it read only
  9. 9levels of access* different users can have different levels of access this could be set with a username and password
    * schools and colleges may use this
  10. 10file permission* read only: can look at a document but make no change
    * read/write: can look at a document and make changes
    * full control: can do anything to a document including deleting it
  11. 11online communities* these often exist in a virtual world
    * some communities need users to be involved at the same time
    * it could be in games or VLE
  12. 12network of friends* it is very similar to online communities
  13. 13virtual word* unreal world
    * created by a computer
    *does not exist in the real world
  14. 14netiquette* online rules
    * mean code of behavior
  15. 15blog* a web log
    *online journal or diary
  16. 16microblog* a website/app
    * can be used to exchange short messages
  17. 17chatroom* web users can communicate in a chatroom
  18. 18wiki* a website where anyone can add information on to
  19. 19podcast* audio or video files
    *usually published in episodes
  20. 20chat* exchange messages
  21. 21profile* will include name
    * personal detail
  22. 22avatar* a picture that represents a person
  23. 23VoIP* voice over internet protocol
    * able to contact someone anywhere in the world
    * uses internet only so no additional cost
    * relies on internet connection so you need to be in a place with internet
  24. 24equipment required*device
    *speaker
    * camera
    *microphone
  25. 25server* runs special software to serve other computers
    * types: file servers,print servers,web servers and email servers
  26. 26client* a computer/device that uses services provided by a server
    * the computer/ device used to access the internet is a client
  27. 27routers* devices which route (direct) traffic (data) through a network
    * they will try to find the best routes
  28. 28connection method* cables
    * fibre
    * telephone lines
  29. 29backbone* a big cable (often fibre) which connects a large number of devices
  30. 30ISP* allows connection to the internet
    * ISP may provide connection for one client or a group of clients
  31. 31point of presence (pop)* pop is an access point to the internet, an ISP can help allow good access to the internet
  32. 32network of access point (NAP)* Nap is where different networks interconnect such as your home network onto the internet
  33. 33example'example
  34. 34example'example
  35. 35advantages of dial up* can use existing telephone lines
    * gives connection where broadband is not available
  36. 36disadvantages of dial up* older technology
    *can give poor reception
    * usually slower than other methods
    * no one can use the phone when your connected to the internet
  37. 37advantages of broadband*better reception than dial up
    *faster than dial up
  38. 38disadvantages of broadband* wired so has to be used on a stationary computer
    *broadband is not available in many rural areas
  39. 39advantages of wireless* not fixed to a stationary computer
    * can be used whenever wireless internet is available
  40. 40disadvantages of wireless* needs to have wireless internet available
    * can be less secure than wired
    * tends to be slower than wired
  41. 41bandwidth* bandwidth is how much capacity there is to carry digital data
    * high bandwidth means more data can be moved
  42. 42exampleexample
  43. 43internet protocol ( IP )* handling the routing of packets
    * this means addressing, sending & receiving packets over the net
  44. 44transmission control protocol ( TCP )* breaking data into packets
    * assembling the packets again once they arrive
  45. 45file transfer protocol ( FTP )* protocol which allows files to be transferred between two computers or devices
    * it is usually used to upload/download files to a server
    used to transfer large files quickly
  46. 46exampleexample
  47. 47exampleexample
  48. 48HTTP* hypertext transfer protocol
    *this is a set of rules that handle what we do on the web
    *it also handles the response to download the web page and all of its files to your computer
  49. 49HTTPS* this means the website is secure
    * protects data from 'hackers'
  50. 50FTP* file transfer protocol
    * you usually need a username & password
    *it can be used to upload and download files from a server
  51. 51O.S: online communication* moving data in the form of text, photos, video, audio
    * email, instant messages, social networks
  52. 52O.S: real-time information* they are constantly updated for people who need to get the latest information
    *train timetables, traffic reports, flight updates
  53. 53O.S: commerce*shopping/banking
    * tesco,ebay,amazon
  54. 54O.S: government* local councils/ national governments
    * car tax , tax returns
  55. 55O.S: entertainment* netflix
    * youtube
  56. 56O.S:..
  57. 57exampleexample
  58. 58client side* a user on a device typing key words into a search engine
  59. 59search engine* google chrome , bing , yahoo
    * display results to the client
  60. 60server side*where databases search to find relevant information
  61. 61spider/web crawler* it is called a spider because it crawls the web to find websites
  62. 62index;
    *searches for keywords
  63. 63database*collects data
  64. 64sponsored link results*a paid advertisement
    *businesses pay for their website to be shown first
  65. 65adverts*advertising other websites/products
  66. 66popularity*the websites will be shown with the most popular first
  67. 67advantages of emails* you can send files as attachments
    *can send it to multiple people at the same time
    *it is faster than post
  68. 68disadvantages of emails* viruses can be spread through emails
    * emails may be intercepted by hackers
    * spam can be irritating
  69. 69SMTP* simple mail transfer protocol
    * pushes the mail from the server to the client
  70. 70POP3*post office protocol 3
    * pulls the mail from the server to the client when requested
  71. 71IMAP* internet message access protocol
    *used for webmail
  72. 72example of a packet of dataexample of a packet of data
  73. 73exaxmpleexaxmple
  74. 74packet switchingpacket switching is the process of data being broken into 'packets' before being sent through a network and then reassembled at the other end
  75. 75advantages of packet switching* sends data across a network efficiently
    *it means big files which would otherwise clog up the network because small packets can choose different routes through networks
    * if a packet is intercepted the hacker will only have one part of the whole file
  76. 76disadvantages of packet switching* if one or more packets are lost or corrupted during transmission the whole file will not be received
  77. 77simplexsignals go in one direction at a time
    (mouse connecting to a computer)
  78. 78full-duplex*signals go in both directions at the same time
    (smartphone synching to a computer)
  79. 79half-duplex*signals go in both directions to monitor and send instructions. they do not need to go at the same time
    (control system on a production line)
  80. 80serial transmission* bits of data are transferred one at a time over a wire
    * B: good over large distances
    * L: complex because data has to be broken into individual bits
  81. 81parallel transmission* bits of data are transferred simultaneously - a whole byte can be transferred at the same time
    * B: faster because more bits are transferred
    * L: shorter distance ( around 5 meters)
  82. 82unsheilded twisted pair (UTP) shielded twisted pair (STP)* it is made up of pairs of copper wires twisted together(UTP)
    *shielded cable has a protective layer around the copper wires
    * can be used to connect computers to a network backbone    unsheilded twisted pair (UTP) shielded twisted pair (STP)
  83. 83advantages of UTP & STP* interference is lessened due to the twisting
    *cheaper than other methods
    * reliable
  84. 84disadvantages of UTP & STP* slow
    * low capacity
    * used over short distances
    * susceptible to noise, which means the data can be interfered with if near another digital device or signal
  85. 85coaxial* solid copper wire with thick shielding
    * reliable
    * can be used for TV networks e.g TV to aerial    coaxial
  86. 86disadvantages of coaxial* slow
    * low capacity
    * used over short distances
    * thick and physically inflexible * susceptible to noise
  87. 87fibre optic* glass or plastic cables which use light to transmit data
    * can be used as a backbone of a network    fibre optic
  88. 88advantages of fibre optic* fast
    * used over long distances
    * little interference
  89. 89disadvantages of fibre optic* expensive
    * complex to install (needs a specialist)
  90. 90infrared (wireless transmission methods)* uses infrared light to transfer data (invisible to the human eye)
    * reliable
    * can be used for a television remote, keyboard and mouse    infrared (wireless transmission methods)
  91. 91disadvantages of infrared* short range
    * devices must be in line of sight
    * can suffer from interference
  92. 92microwave* uses short wavelengths to transmit data ( invisible to the human eye )
    * A: good for longer distances
    * D: can suffer from interference from other devices
    * Bluetooth    microwave
  93. 93satellite* uses satellites in space to relay data between different points on earth
    * A: good for very long distances
    * D: very expensive
    * can be used for global communication systems    satellite
  94. 94network interface card (NIC) & network access point (NAC)*devices using networking need NIC
    * nic: hardware to receive wireless signals
    * built into modern devices
    * NIC connects to NAP
    NAP: lots of places offer NAP
  95. 95HTML (hypertext markup language)* HTML is made up of tags
    *pairs of tags are called HTML elements
    * text
  96. 96common html tagshttp://www.thuto.org/ubh/web/html/tags1.htm
  97. 97client side processing* client side processing uses the clients computer to process web page in data exchange
    * using widgets(interactive calendar)    client side processing
  98. 98advantages of client side processing* speed-faster because the data is on the client and does not need to move across the internet
    * security-data cannot be intercepted on the client in the way it can when it moves across the internet
  99. 99disadvantages of client side processing* browser-specific - different browsers process scripts in different ways therefore the web page owner cannot be sure how their web page will appear on screen
    * computer speed- the web page owner is reliant on the processors speed of the clients computer
  100. 100server side processing* server side processing uses the web server to process web page data
    * web form    server side processing
  101. 101advantages of server side processing* efficiency - the information to process does not need to be downloaded to the clients computer
  102. 102disadvantages of server side processing* security - when data is transferred across the internet it is more at risk of security threats
    * overloading - if a lot of users are asking the web server to process data, it could overload the server and cause it to run slowly or crash
  103. 103types of relationships* one to one : very rarely used
    * one to many : most commonly used
    * many to many :    types of relationships
  104. 104data base* most websites are based on databases
    * it is a collection of data
  105. 105table* a set of data is stored in a table
    * can contain information about learners at a school
  106. 106field* the columns in a table store categories called fields
    * e.g: name/address/gender/date of birth
  107. 107record* a row in a table that stores data about a single item
    *e.g: information about 1 learner
  108. 108primary key* it is a unique piece of data which identifies one record
    * e.g: a student id number
  109. 109foreign key* this is the primary key but in a different table and it creates a relationship
  110. 110data types and uses: text* characters(letters,numbers and symbols)
    * e.g: TVO47DG
  111. 111data types and uses: number* numerical value
    *e.g: 1.4
  112. 112data types and uses: date/time* dates and times
    * e.g: 01/2014
  113. 113data types and uses: Boolean* yes/no also known as true/false
    *e.g: yes
  114. 114data protection act 1998* provides 8 principles that govern the way data about individuals is stored and used
  115. 115computer misuse act 1990*introduced to protect from hackers and malicious use of viruses
  116. 116copyright, designs and patents act 1988* protects creators of original works
  117. 117freedom of information act 2000* provides individual the right to see information stored about them data can be accessed about public bodies
  118. 118technology used for monitoring : movement* cctv
    * gps devices
    * airport passenger lists
  119. 119technology used for monitoring: communication* monitoring emails
    * monitoring web sites visited
    * logging keywords typed into search engines
  120. 120pay per click disadvantagesvague use of keywords this means that although people click it to find out what it is advertising (there are no sales from the click as the website may not be what they are looking for)
  121. 121firewallsmonitors data arriving and block harmful data
    they prevent harmful data entering your data network
    monitors individual ports
    checks IP addresses
  122. 122protecting datapasswords
    encryption
    anti-virus
  123. 123transmission control protocol tcp*
  124. 124—

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Flashcards on flashcards for ict, created by Charlotte Scott on 27/11/2018.
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Charlotte Scott
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