Flashcards
Population and the Environment
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1What is population distribution?Where people have spread themselves out to be.
- 2What is population density?The number of people living in an area.
- 3What are the issues with mega-cities?Diseases, healthcare
Unemployment
Little space available
Hazards have more of an impact
Resources are scarce
Higher crime rates
Inequality between classes - 4What are the factors affecting population density?Climate
Topography
Education
Distribution of resources
Healthcare
Hazards
Jobs available - 5What are the impacts of an increasing global population?Lack of food, water and other resources
Little space available
Higher spread of disease
Higher crime rates - 6What happens at the 1st stage of the DTM?Total population remains constant
Birth and death rate remain high and fluctuate
Such as Amazonian Tribes - 7What happens at the 2nd stage of the DTM?Death rate decreases dramatically
Birth rate remains same due to poor education
Total population begins to increase
Such as Angola - 8What happens at the 3rd stage of the DTM?Total population continues to increase
Death rate remains low
Birth rate drops significantly
Such as India - 9What happens at the 4th stage of the DTM?Total population slowly increases
Birth and death rate remain low and fluctuate
Such as the UK - 10What happens at the 5th stage of the DTM?Birth rate drops lower that death rate
Total population begins to decrease
Such as Japan - 11What are the positives of the DTM?Provides useful insight
No set timescales
Easy to understand
Simple to draw comparisons - 12What are the negatives of the DTM?Political decisions for population control
Knowledge and disease prevention has improved
Model assumes just one direction
Doesn't consider natural population growth (migration)
Doesn't consider the physical environment and the impacts of climate change - 13What did Malthus state about food security?Ultimate limit to how much the human population can grow and this will be determined by resources and the environment
- 14What did Baserup and Simon state about food security?Human technology will continue to alter to produce food in line with the growing population
- 15What is overpopulation?When there is too many people in an area relative to the amount of resources and level of technology
- 16What is underpopulation?When there are too few people in an area to use the amount of resources efficiently for a given level of technology
- 17What is optimum population?Theoretical. Working with all the resources available, will produce the highest standard of living for people in that area.
- 18What are the factors affecting population (sparsely)?Relief of the land
Active volcanoes
Climate
Vegetation
Soils
Resources
Water supply - 19What are the factors affecting population (density)?Relief of the land
Climate
Vegetation
Soils
Resources
Water supply - 20What is food security?When people have enough affordable and nutritious food to eat
- 21What are the physical inputs to the agricultural system?Natural fertilisers (soil)
Sun and temperature
Precipitation
Length of growing season
Relief - 22What are the human inputs to the agricultural system?Fertilisers
Land use
Ploughing of soil
Renting of land
Transport costs
Machinery
Seed/livestock
Animal feed
Energy
Market demand - 23What are the processes in the agricultural system?Sowing
Harvesting
Breeding
Maintenance
Milking
Weeding
Ploughing - 24What are the positive outputs in the agricultural system?Food and drinks
Raw materials
Products - crops and animals - 25What are the negative outputs to the agricultural system?Greenhouse gases
Waste - energy
- faulty products
Soil erosion - 26What is availability?Reliable and consistent source of quality food
- 27What is access?People have sufficient access to resources to produce food/purchase food
- 28What is utilisation?People have the knowledge and basic sanitary conditions to choose, prepare and distribute food in a way that results in good nutrition
- 29What is stability?People's ability to access and utilise food that remain stable and sustained over time
- 30What are the four strategies to ensure food security?Science and technology
Distribution
Local food systems
Regulations - 31What is morbidity?Refers to ill health. It includes any disease state, disability or condition of poor health
- 32What is mortality?Refers to death. It is the condition of being mortal or susceptible to death
- 33What is prevalence rate?The total number of cases of a disease in a population at a given time divided by the total population
- 34What is incidence rate?The rate or time at which a person becomes ill. It is usually used as a measure of numbers of new cases of an illness
- 35What are Non-Communicable diseases (NCDs)?A medical condition or disease that is non-infectious and is non transmissible
- 36What are communicable diseases?Infectious diseases that can be passes on
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- A level Geography Flashcards on Population and the Environment, created by Bethany Thompson on 15/02/2019.
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- Bethany Thompson
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