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PHIL-1301 Unit #1 Study Deck!

Holly Berry PHIL-1301 English 48 cards

Cards in this deck (48)

  1. 1_____ is the study of the nature of reality.Metaphysics
  2. 2Plato was a student of _____.Socrates
  3. 3A(n) _____ is a verbal attempt to get other people to accept a belief or opinion by providing reasons why they should accept it.argument
  4. 4The view that ultimate reality is composed of material "stuff" is _____.materialism
  5. 5Aristotle invented the _____ _____ _____ _____, determining how we think about things.Doctrine of the Categories
  6. 6_____ is the belief that the universe and all that is in it has purpose.Teleology
  7. 7A(n) _____argument reasons from one statement to another by means of necessary logical reasoning.deductive
  8. 8An inductive argument that is weak, has one or more false premises, or both is _____.uncogent
  9. 9A fallacy of _____ is when a general rule is applied to a specific case it was not intended to cover.accident
  10. 10A _____ is a fallacy in which the conclusion is drawn from an atypical sample.hasty generalization
  11. 11_____ is when the arguer conceals a premise not readily supportable by the facts.Begging the question
  12. 12One's _____ is the starting point for one's beliefs, ideas, feelings, biases, etc.point of view
  13. 13The study of questions concerning knowledge and the meaning of truth is _____.epistemology
  14. 14Socrates' physical death came as a result of _____.drinking poison hemlock
  15. 15Heraclitus associated ultimate reality with _____.change
  16. 16Anaximenes believed the most fundamental "stuff" of the universe is _____.air
  17. 17_____ proclaimed that water is the most basic "stuff" of the universe.Thales
  18. 18_____ said "the unexamined life is not worth living."Socrates
  19. 19Plato pursued scientific knowledge through original research at the _____.academy
  20. 20(T or F) The straw man fallacy is when the arguer draws a conclusion different from that supported by the premises.False: distorts
  21. 21The word "philosophy" comes from the Greek words "philo" and "sophia" meaning _____ _____ _____.love of wisdom
  22. 22The fallacy of _____ _____ is when a conclusion depends on an unlikely chain reaction.slippery slope
  23. 23Hobbes' _____ is a type of materialism, limiting the self simply to the body.reductionalism
  24. 24(T or F) In figuring out whether arguments are acceptable, one need only know that the conclusion is true.False: facts also true
  25. 25Both the _____ and _____ _____ agree that the enduring self is an illusion.Buddha; David Hume
  26. 26(T or F) An argument can be invalid and yet can still be sound.False: It is automatically unsound.
  27. 27"To know the good is to do the _____" equates to the knowledge with _____.good; virtue
  28. 28Philosophy can be generally defined as "getting to the _____ of _____."bottom; things
  29. 29The _____ _____ fallacy is when the arguer leads the listener off track.red herring
  30. 30_____ believed that change is an illusion and that the universe is constant.Parmenides
  31. 31Socrates was known in Athens as the "_____" for his consistent irritating.Gadfly
  32. 32(T or F) Sophists practiced objectivism and used dialectic in ancient Athens.False: they used cynicism and relativism.
  33. 33The _____ _____ fallacy is when the arguer attacks his/her opponent in a way that is unrelated to the actual argument.ad hominem
  34. 34Socrates believed _____ _____ is found in recognizing one's own ignorance.true wisdom
  35. 35In reasoning, we draw _____ based on premises or _____.conclusions; support/evidence
  36. 36While deductive arguments show their conclusions to be _____ true, inductive arguments show their conclusions to be _____ true.necessarily; probably
  37. 37For Plato, conflicts within human nature often arise between emotions (spirit) on the one hand, and _____ on the other hand.appetite
  38. 38For Plato, the soul, which is pure, rules over the _____, which is less pure.body
  39. 39"Have you stopped cheating on exams?" is an example of what kind of fallacy?complex questioning
  40. 40_____ is the science that evaluates arguments.Logic
  41. 41In Aristotle's categories, _____ addresses the question "what is it?"substance
  42. 42_____ fallacies can be detected through analysis of the content of the argument.Informal
  43. 43The reasoning process expressed by an argument is _____inference
  44. 44An appeal to _____ is when the arguer threatens the listener.force
  45. 45A(n) _____ argument is a strong inductive argument that has all true premises.cogent
  46. 46A valid deductive argument that has an untrue premise is a(n) _____ argument.unsound
  47. 47_____ asserted that numbers are fundamental "stuff" of the universe.Pythagoras
  48. 48"Murder is morally wrong. This being the case, it follows that abortion is morally wrong" is an example of the fallacy of _____ _____ _____.begging the question

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PHIL-1301 Flashcards on PHIL-1301 Unit #1 Study Deck!, created by Holly Berry on 29/11/2014.
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Holly Berry
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