Flashcards
Thermodynamics
Cards in this deck (35)
- 1What is Energy?The ability to do work
- 2What is Kinetic energy?The energy an object possesses due to its motion.
- 3What is Gravitational potential energy?The energy an object possesses due to its position in the gravitation field.
- 4What is Elastic potential energy?Potential energy that is stored when a body is deformed (as in a coiled spring)
- 5What is Electro chemical potential energy?The potential energy in an electric cell or battery
- 6What is Electrical energy?Energy resulting from the flow of electric charge
- 7What is Thermal energy?Thermal energy is energy that comes from a substance whose molecules and atoms are vibrating faster due to a rise in temperature.
- 8What is Thermodynamics?The study of interactions between temperature, heat and work.
- 9What is Open system?System exchanges energy and matter with the enviroment.
- 10What is Close system?System exchanges energy with the enviroment but not matter.
- 11What is Isolated system?System can't exchange energy nor matter, but can transform into different energy.
- 12What is ΔH?The net amount of heat gained or lost during a chemical reaction.
- 13What is the formula for Enthalpy?ΔH = ΔH(products? - ΔH(reactants)
- 14Name two characteristics about Endothermic reaction?1. Requires big investment of energy
2. Released energy is smaller than the activation energy. - 15Name one characteristic about Exothermic reaction?Releases more energy than the invested activation energy.
- 16What is Activation energy?The least possible amount of energy (minimum) which is required to start a reaction.
- 17What is ΔH of formation?Is the amount of energy invested/released by a system to form 1 mole of substance in STD conditions.
- 18Is -397 KJ/mol exo or endothermic reaction?Exothermic, when minus symbol.
- 19Is 857 KJ/mol endo or exothermic?Endothermic
- 20What is ΔH of Combustion?Is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a substance burns with O2 to form CO2 and H2O and heat. Exothermic!
- 21What is complete combustion?The whole amount of reactant combust (O2 is in excess) obtaining only H20 and CO2 as products.
- 22What is Incomplete combustion?When there is not enough of O2 for amount of reactant, there are other products formed besides H2O and CO2.
- 23What is Hess's Law?Hess's law states that it doesn't matter what path we take from reactants to products, the enthalpy change will always be the same.
- 24What is Entropy ( ΔS )?Entropy –>A measurement of the randomness and disorder of a system.
- 25What is Gibbs freergy ( ΔG )?Energy available to do work and also indicate if the reaction spontaneous.
- 26What is the formula for ΔG?ΔG = ΔH - T x ΔS
- 27ΔG < 0 means?Negative value = spontaneous
- 28ΔG > 0 means?positive value = Non-spontaneous.
- 29What is the first law of thermodynamics?Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it can only be transformed or transferred from one form to another.
- 30what is the second law of thermodynamics ?Entropy always increases in the universe.
- 31What is the third law of thermodynamics?In order for the disorder to not to increase,temperature has to be absolute zero
- 32What is a spontaneous reaction?A reaction that happens without intervention.
- 33What is spontaneous reaction?A reaction that needs intervention to occur.
- 34What is ΔH of ionization?Amount of heat invested when ions are formed.
- 35What is ΔH of neutralization?The heat change when ions combine to form H2O and salt. is Exothermic.
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- Chemistry Flashcards on Thermodynamics, created by Lian Nichin on 13/11/2019.
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- Lian Nichin
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